Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

DINÁMICA TEMPORAL DE LA ACTIVIDAD VEGETAL EN ZONAS DEGRADADAS POR Ips confusus EN BOSQUE DE Pinus cembroides: REGIÓN CENTRAL DE CHIHUAHUA (2000-2014)

Se analizó la evolución temporal de la actividad vegetal en áreas de pino piñonero (Pinus cembroides), que está siendo afectada por una plaga de descortezadores (Ips confusus) en el estado de Chihuahua, México. Se realizó un análisis multitemporal de imágenes Landsat 5 TM, 7 ETM y 8 OLI, para un periodo comprendido entre el año 2000 y 2014. Como resultado en la cartografía de cobertura y uso de suelo se identificó que el área afectada de pino piñonero es de 95 hectáreas. Además, la serie de NDVI (Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada) muestra una tendencia negativa de la actividad vegetal a partir del año 2011. El análisis multivariante demostró que los inviernos más cálidos pueden ser un factor para la aparición de la plaga, el análisis Mann-Kendall espacialmente distribuido confirma la pérdida de cubierta vegetal a través de la serie de NDVI. Las modelaciones del nicho con MaxEnt demostraron el área de distribución potencial del Pinus cembroides y el Ips confusus y se encontró una coincidencia entre la distribución de la plaga y la zona afectada, pudiendo validar lo observado con lo predicho por el modelo en cuanto a la identificación de zonas vulnerables de afectación de la plaga en el bosque de pino piñonero en Chihuahua

Proyecto urbano: dos experiencias académicas para Cali

Esta publicación detalla la experiencia académica y las reflexiones teóricas, metodológicas e instrumentales que apoyaron los talleres de formulación de proyectos urbanos de la cohorte III (2009 y 2010) y de la cohorte IV (2011-2012). El taller de formulación de proyecto urbano de la cohorte III tuvo como propósito fundamental la reflexión sobre las potencialidades urbanísticas que ofrece la zona oriental de la ciudad de Cali, dadas sus condiciones socioeconómicas y espaciales y las nuevas dinámicas que se generarán con la puesta en marcha del Sistema Integrado de Transporte Masivo (MIO) y la presencia en el sector objeto de estudio de dos troncales: la Carrera 15 y la de Aguablanca, así como varias pretroncales. Igualmente, el taller busca hacer aportes en términos de exploración y propuestas de transformación, enmarcadas en el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial y el Plan de Desarrollo Municipal de Cali vigentes, tanto con el desarrollo y modelación de proyectos previstos que no se han llevado a cabo, como con nuevas propuestas que pueden complementar la orientación estratégica y coordinada de los instrumentos de planeamiento del municipio. El taller de formulación del proyecto urbano de la cohorte IV se centra en la reflexión crítica y propositiva del área que integra la pieza sur de Cali, la cual incluye suelos urbanos y de expansión delimitados en el POT de Cali (Acuerdo 069/2000), y se conforma por las siguientes zonas: la Comuna 22, parte de la Comuna 17 y la zona de expansión del corredor regional Cali-Jamundí. Este territorio es la zona de mayor aptitud que aún se conserva en el municipio de Cali para el planteamiento de desarrollos urbanísticos de mediana y gran escala. Sus ventajas de localización concretadas en su cercanía a zonas dotacionales y de centralidad, han generado la construcción de un polo sur en la ciudad y le confieren un lugar relevante en las preferencias de localización del grueso de los proyectos inmobiliarios de Cali que en los últimos años se han desarrollado en el ángulo suroriental de la Comuna 17 (sectores El Caney y Valle del Lili).Universidad de San Buenaventura - Cal

Diversidad biológica y cultural del sur de la Amazonia colombiana

La gran cuenca amazónica compartida por Brasil, Colombia, Perú, Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador y las tres Guyanas, contiene una de las mayores riquezas biológicas y culturales del planeta y es considerada parte de la seguridad ecológica global. Constituye el 45% de los bosques tropicales del mundo, es una de las áreas silvestres más extensas y de mayor reserva de agua dulce del planeta, su sistema hídrico es el mayor tributario de todos los océanos, alberga aún, cerca de 379 grupos étnicos y en cuanto a endemismo, no existe otra región que se le aproxime. En Colombia, la Amazonia a lo largo de la historia ha sufrido distintos procesos de intervención antrópica: la conquista; la colonización; el auge del caucho y la quina; la explotación maderera, petrolera; la implementación de cultivos de uso ilícito y de sistemas productivos no aptos a las condiciones del medio natural; entre otros, son procesos que han socavado tanto los recursos biológicos como los culturales. Conscientes de la problemática actual de la Amazonia así como de la importancia que reviste para el mundo y para el país, la Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Sur de la Amazonia –Corpoamazonia– y el Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt –IAvH-, firmaron en el año 2004 un convenio con el n de aunar esfuerzos para formular el plan de acción en biodiversidad en la región sur de la Amazonia colombiana (departamentos de Caquetá, Putumayo y Amazonas). El plan de acción, busca posicionar la biodiversidad en el desarrollo regional y contribuir a un mayor conocimiento y a unas mejores prácticas de conservación y utilización sostenible de los recursos biológicos y culturales de este importante espacio geográfico. Desarrolla a escala regional, la Política Nacional en Biodiversidad y la Propuesta Técnica de Plan de Acción Nacional en Biodiversidad – Biodiversidad siglo XXI -

The burden of mild asthma: Clinical burden and healthcare resource utilisation in the NOVELTY study

Background: Patients with mild asthma represent a substantial proportion of the population with asthma, yet there are limited data on their true burden of disease. We aimed to describe the clinical and healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) burden of physician-assessed mild asthma.Methods: Patients with mild asthma were included from the NOVEL observational longiTudinal studY (NOVELTY; NCT02760329), a global, 3-year, real-world prospective study of patients with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from community practice (specialised and primary care). Diagnosis and severity were based on physician discretion. Clinical burden included physician-reported exacerbations and patient-reported measures. HCRU included inpatient and outpatient visits.Results: Overall, 2004 patients with mild asthma were included; 22.8% experienced ≥1 exacerbation in the previous 12 months, of whom 72.3% experienced ≥1 severe exacerbation. Of 625 exacerbations reported, 48.0% lasted >1 week, 27.7% were preceded by symptomatic worsening lasting >3 days, and 50.1% required oral corticosteroid treatment. Health status was moderately impacted (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score: 23.5 [standard deviation ± 17.9]). At baseline, 29.7% of patients had asthma symptoms that were not well controlled or very poorly controlled (Asthma Control Test score <20), increasing to 55.6% for those with ≥2 exacerbations in the previous year. In terms of HCRU, at least one unscheduled ambulatory visit for exacerbations was required by 9.5% of patients, including 9.2% requiring ≥1 emergency department visit and 1.1% requiring ≥1 hospital admission.Conclusions: In this global sample representing community practice, a significant proportion of patients with physician-assessed mild asthma had considerable clinical burden and HCRU

Treatable traits in the NOVELTY study

CorrigendumVolume 27, Issue 12, Respirology, pages: 1095-1095. First Published online: November 6, 2022 10.1111/resp.14406International audienceAsthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two prevalent and complex diseases that require personalized management. Although a strategy based on treatable traits (TTs) has been proposed, the prevalence and relationship of TTs to the diagnostic label and disease severity established by the attending physician in a real-world setting are unknown. We assessed how the presence/absence of specific TTs relate to the diagnosis and severity of 'asthma', 'COPD' or 'asthma + COPD'

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care