Automatic Vehicle Number Plate Recognition for Vehicle Parking Management System

A license plate recognition (LPR) system is one type of intelligent transportation system (ITS). It is a type of technology in which the software enables computer system to read automatically the license number plate of vehicle from digital pictures. Reading automatically the number plate means converting the pixel information of digital image into the ASCII text of the number plate. This paper discuses a method for the vehicle number plate recognition from the image using mathematical morphological operations. The main objective is to use different morphological operations in such a way that the number plate of vehicle can be identified accurately. This is based on various operation such as image enhancement, morphological transformation, edge detection and extraction of number plate from vehicle image. After this segmentation is applied to recognize the characters present on number plate using template matching. This algorithm can recognize number plate quickly and accurately from the vehicles image. Keywords: ANPR, ITS, Image Enhancement, Edge Detection, Morphological Operation, Number Plate Extraction,  Template Matching

Synthesis and metal complexation of chiral 3-mono-or 3, 3-bis-allyl-2-hydroxypyrrolopyrazine-1, 4-diones

A novel synthesis of chiral cyclic hydroxamic acids (4, 6, 8 and 10) related to cyclodipeptides is described. The crucial reduction of the nitro group of the N-nitroacetyl derivatives of (S)-α-amino acid esters is brought about by zinc-aq. ammonium chloride. The FeIII and CuII complexes of one such cyclic hydroxamic acid 10a have been prepared and their DNAse activity investigated

A CASE STUDY ON GAS RECOVERY UNIT FOR R-22

The present research is concerned with proper recovery of the R-22 [1] gas, which is widely used in various R.A.C. fields on the system failure and reusing these recovered gases again for the future use. It is well known that various cooling units are widely spread in their applications and are circulating R-22 as a refrigerant. It is intended to recover this type of refrigerant by any means preventing its ill effects on environment. The time required for recovering is less, hence the system requires less time. The recovery rate of the unit ranges between 1 to 2 kg/min for 1 ton capacity of the system. We can use the unit for any ton capacity of the breakdown system refrigeration and air conditioning system to recover the gas. The. Global warming [2] is the process wherein the average temperature of the Earth\u27s near surface air increases, owing largely to various man-made activities. Though there are some natural causes for this rise in temperature, they stand to be insignificant when compared to the man-made causes. Understanding global warming & green house gas causes and effects can give us a brief idea of the dreadful phenomena our future generations may have to face. There are some of the prominent global warming causes and effects

Health Detector Android Application using IOT for Rural Area

Technology is being increasing rapidly day by day. Growing technology make user to use different devices and integrate all of them in one frame, so as to reduce implementation cost and increase functionality of module and that will be implemented. Health Detector application is a good platform to measure different health parameters via sensors. Integrating whole system with android will make it available and useful. Pulse rate sensor and ECG sensors are easily available with the moderate worth hence it is affordable to the end user. This system will be an elixir for the people who are living scurry life. Android platform help to add different functionalities like disease prediction on the basis of symptoms stored into SQLite database, calling ambulance on emergency mode, locating nearest hospitals, medicals and blood bank on an emergency mode via GPS sensors. Regular health check-ups like heartbeat, BMI is also provided

Transition metal saccharide chemistry and biology: syntheses, characterization, solution stability and putative bio-relevant studies of iron-saccharide complexes

A number of Fe(III) complexes of saccharides and their derivatives, and those of ascorbic acid were synthesized, and characterized by a variety of analytical, spectral (FT-IR, UV-Vis, EPR, Mossbauer and EXAFS), magnetic and electrochemical techniques. Results obtained from various methods have shown good correlations. Data obtained from EPR, magnetic susceptibility and EXAFS techniques could be fitted well with the mono-, di- and trinuclear nature of the complexes. The solution stability of these complexes has been established using UV-Vis absorption and cyclic voltammetric techniques as a function of pH of the solution. Mixed valent, Fe(II,III) ascorbate complexes have also been synthesized and characterized. Reductive release of Fe(II) from the complexes using sodium dithionite has been addressed. In vitro absorption of Fe(III)-glucose complex has been studied using everted sacs of rat intestines and the results have been compared with that of simple ferric chloride. Fe(III)-saccharide complexes have shown regular protein synthesis even in hemin-deficient rabbit reticulocyte lysate indicating that these complexes play a role that is equivalent to that played by hemin in order to restore the normal synthesis of protein. These complexes have exhibited enhanced DNA cleavage properties in the presence of hydrogen peroxide with pUC-18 DNA plasmid

Photoelectrochemical investigation on the cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films prepared using spin coating technique

Photoelectrochemical cell technology is one of the simplest technologies, which converts light energy directly into electricity. The synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocrystals (NCs) was performed by the facile hot injection method. The NCs were characterized by different techniques such as XRD, Raman, UV-Vis, FESEM, and XPS. The XRD pattern confirms the phase pure hexagonal CdS NCs. The band gap of NCs calculated from the UV-Visible spectrum is at 2.40 eV, indicating good absorption in the visible spectrum. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of individual elements in CdS NCs. The CdS thin-films having different thicknesses were prepared on FTO substrates using the spin coating technique. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) investigation of CdS NCs thin-films photoelectrodes was performed by varying its thickness. The increase in the thickness of thin-films increased photocurrent density

Solution-processed Cd-substituted CZTS nanocrystals for sensitized liquid junction solar cells

The Earth-abundant kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) exhibits outstanding structural, optical, and electronic properties for a wide range of optoelectronic applications. However, the efficiency of CZTS thin-film solar cells is limited due to range of factors, including electronic disorder, secondary phases, and the presence of anti-site defects, which is key factor limiting the Voc. The complete substitution of Zn lattice sites in CZTS nanocrystals (NCs) with Cd atoms offers a promising approach to overcome several of these intrinsic limitations. Herein, we investigate the effects of substitution of Cd2+ into Zn2+ lattice sites in CZTS NCs through a facile solution-based method. The structural, morphological, optoelectronic, and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the NCs synthesized have been systematically characterized using various experimental techniques, and the results are corroborated by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The successful substitution of Zn by Cd is demonstrated to induce a structural transformation from the kesterite phase to the stannite phase, which results in the bandgap reducing from 1.51 eV (kesterite) to 1.1 eV (stannite), which is closer to the optimum bandgap value for outdoor photovoltaic applications. Furthermore, the PCE of the novel Cd-substituted liquid junction solar cell underwent a four-fold increase, reaching 1.1%. These results highlight the importance of substitutional doping strategies in optimizing existing CZTS-based materials to achieve improved device characteristics

Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise across disciplines, out-of-sample generalizability is concerning. This is currently addressed by sharing multi-site data, but such centralization is challenging/infeasible to scale due to various limitations. Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative paradigm for accurate and generalizable ML, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here we present the largest FL study to-date, involving data from 71 sites across 6 continents, to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for the rare disease of glioblastoma, reporting the largest such dataset in the literature (n = 6, 314). We demonstrate a 33% delineation improvement for the surgically targetable tumor, and 23% for the complete tumor extent, over a publicly trained model. We anticipate our study to: 1) enable more healthcare studies informed by large diverse data, ensuring meaningful results for rare diseases and underrepresented populations, 2) facilitate further analyses for glioblastoma by releasing our consensus model, and 3) demonstrate the FL effectiveness at such scale and task-complexity as a paradigm shift for multi-site collaborations, alleviating the need for data-sharing

Author Correction: Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

10.1038/s41467-023-36188-7NATURE COMMUNICATIONS14

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe