Étude de la composition de la bile chez le chat en santé et le chat atteint de cholangite

Les maladies hépatobiliaires sont fréquentes chez le chat. Il existe 3 types de cholangites mais seule la cholangite neutrophilique requiert un traitement antibiotique. Des antibiotiques sont parfois prescrits à tort notamment dans l’attente du résultat d’une culture de bile ou de foie, ce qui pose problème dans le contexte d’antibiorésistance actuel. La composition de la bile est méconnue tant chez les chats sains que chez les chats atteints de maladies hépatobiliaires. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient d’évaluer plusieurs paramètres dans la bile de chats sains et d’investiguer l’utilité de ces paramètres comme marqueurs prédictifs de cholangite bactérienne. Les chats ont été recrutés prospectivement et répartis en 3 groupes : 21 chats sains (groupe 1) et 14 chats avec maladie hépatobiliaire suspectée : 9 sans infection bactérienne biliaire (groupe 2) et 5 avec infection bactérienne biliaire (groupe 3). Une cholécystocentèse a été réalisée sur chaque chat. La bile a été utilisée pour cytologie, culture et analyses biochimiques incluant le pH, le lactate et le glucose avec des appareils au chevet du patient. Les valeurs de référence de plusieurs paramètres biliaires chez les chats sains ont été calculées et sont présentées dans cette étude. Le pH (p=0,88) et la concentration en lactate (p=0,85) n’étaient pas significativement différents entre les 3 groupes. La concentration en sodium (Na+) était significativement plus élevée dans le groupe 3 comparée au groupe 2 (p<0,05). Les concentrations en lactate et glucose ainsi que le pH ne permettaient pas de prédire une infection bactérienne dans la bile.Hepatobiliary disease is common in cats and neutrophilic cholangitis is the most common type. There are 3 types of cholangitis but only neutrophilic cholangitis requires antibiotic treatment. However, antibiotics are sometimes incorrectly prescribed in patients, especially while pending results of a culture of bile or liver tissue, which is problematic in the context of current antimicrobial resistance. Little is known about bile composition in healthy or diseased cats. The aims of this study were to evaluate several analytes from the bile of healthy cats and to investigate the usefulness of measuring these variables to predict bacterial cholangitis. Cats were prospectively enrolled and divided into 3 groups: 21 healthy cats (group 1); and 14 cats with suspected hepatobiliary disease: 9 without bacterial biliary infection (group 2) and 5 with bacterial biliary infection (group 3). Percutaneous ultrasound-guided cholecystocentesis was performed in each cat. Bile cytology and culture, as well as analysis of bile including pH, lactate, and glucose levels using several point-of-care devices, were performed. Reference values for several bile analytes in healthy cats were calculated and are presented in this study. The pH was not significantly different between the 3 groups (p=0.88) nor was the lactate concentration (p=0.85). Sodium concentration was significantly higher in group 3 compared to group 2 (p<0.05). Bile pH, lactate, and glucose levels did not predict the presence of a bacterial infection in the bile

Nickel exsolution driven phase transformation from an n=2 to an n=1 Ruddlesden Popper manganite for methane steam reforming reaction in SOFC conditions

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: S. Vecino-Mantilla, P. Gauthier-Maradei, M. Huvé, J. M. Serra, P. Roussel, G. H. Gauthier, ChemCatChem 2019, 11, 4631, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201901002. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] An original way to perform the exsolution of Ni nanoparticles on a ceramic support was explored for the development of methane steam reforming catalyst in SOFC anode conditions. The n=2 Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase La1.5Sr1.5Mn1.5Ni0.5O7 +/-delta has been synthesized by the Pechini method and subsequently reduced with an H-2-N-2 mixture at different temperatures and reducing times to induce the formation of two phases: LaSrMnO4 (n=1 RP) decorated with metallic Ni nanoparticles. Preliminary measurements of catalytic behavior for the steam reforming have been carried out in a reduction-reaction process with a mixture of 82 mol %CH4, 18 mol %N-2 and low steam to carbon ratio (S/C=0.15). The catalyst exhibits a selectivity for CO production (0.97), 14.60 mol % CH4 conversion and around 24.19 mol % H-2 production. Such catalytic behavior was maintained for more than 4 h, with a constant rate of hydrogen production and CH4 conversion rate.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Colombian Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation COLCIENCIAS (Project #110265842833 "Symmetrical high temperature Fuel Cell operating with Colombian natural gas" (contract #038-2015) and S. Vecino-Mantilla's Ph.D. scholarship (call #647)) and of the Spanish National Research Council CSIC (Project #COOPA20112). The authors are also grateful to UIS' X-Ray Laboratory (Parque Tecnologico Guatiguara) for XRD measurements, UPV's Electronic Microscopy Laboratory for the FESEM analysis, and finally to Margarita Vecino-Mantilla, Carolina Cardenas-Velandia, Santiago Paez-Duque, Ivan Suarez-Acelas (UIS), Maria Fabuel (UPV) and Olivier Gardoll (UCCS) for their contribution to materials synthesis and characterization. As well as Santiago Palencia, Monica Sandoval (UIS) and Caroline Pirovano (UCCS) are warmly acknowledged for useful discussions.Vecino-Mantilla, S.; Gauthier-Maradei, P.; Huvé, M.; Serra Alfaro, JM.; Roussel, P.; Gauthier, GH. (2019). Nickel exsolution driven phase transformation from an n=2 to an n=1 Ruddlesden Popper manganite for methane steam reforming reaction in SOFC conditions. ChemCatChem. 11(18):4631-4641. https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201901002S463146411118Ghezel-Ayagh, H., & Borglum, B. P. (2017). Review of Progress in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at FuelCell Energy. 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Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 229(5). doi:10.1515/zkri-2014-173

Complex magnetism in Ni₃TeO₆-type Co₃TeO₆ and high-pressure polymorphs of Mn_3-xCo_xTeO₆ solid solutions

International audienceNew Ni3TeO6-type (NTO) and double perovskite (DPv) polymorphs of Co3TeO6 are synthesised at pressures of 15 GPa. A complex elliptic helical magnetic order is observed in the NTO polymorph (TN1 = 58 K) that reorientates (42 K) and further splits (TN2 = 23.5 K) creating a coexisting helix. Increasing Co content within the Mn3-xCoxTeO6 system changes the dominant DPv phase to NTO structural type and drastically modifies the magnetic behaviour. DPv Co3TeO6 is the first A-site double cobaltite

Deep-water macroalgae from the Canary Islands: new records and biogeographical relationships

Due to the geographical location and paleobiogeography of the Canary Islands, the seaweed flora contains macroalgae with different distributional patterns. In this contribution, the biogeographical relations of several new records of deep-water macroalgae recently collected around the Canarian archipelago are discussed. These are Bryopsidella neglecta (Berthotd) Rietema,Discosporangium mesarthrocarpum (Meneghini) Hauck, Hincksia onslowensis (Amsler et Kapraun)P.C. Silva, Syringoderma floridana Henry, Peyssonnelia harveyana J. Agardh, Cryptonemia seminervis(C. Agardh) J. Agardh, Botryodadia wynnei Ballantine, Gloiocladia blomquistii (Searles) R. E.Norris, PIahchrysis peltata (W. R. Taylor) P. Huv4 et H. Huv4, Leptofauchea brasiliensis Joly, and Sarcodiotheca divaricata W. R. Taylor. These new records, especially those in the Florideophyceae,support the strong affinity of the Canary Islands seaweed flora with the warm-temperate Mediterranean-Atlantic region. Some species are recorded for the first time from the east coast of the Atlantic Ocean, enhancing the biogeographic relations of the Canarian marine flora with that of the western Atlantic regions

Coralline Algae in a Changing Mediterranean Sea: How Can We Predict Their Future, if We Do Not Know Their Present?

In this review we assess the state of knowledge for the coralline algae of the Mediterranean Sea, a group of calcareous seaweeds imperfectly known and considered highly vulnerable to long-term climate change. Corallines have occurred in the Mediterranean area for ∼140 My and are well-represented in the subsequent fossil record; for some species currently common the fossil documentation dates back to the Oligocene, with a major role in the sedimentary record of some areas. Some Mediterranean corallines are key ecosystem engineers that produce or consolidate biogenic habitats (e.g., coralligenous concretions, Lithophyllum byssoides rims, rims of articulated corallines, maerl/rhodolith beds). Although bioconstructions built by corallines exist virtually in every sea, in the Mediterranean they reach a particularly high spatial and bathymetric extent (coralligenous concretions alone are estimated to exceed 2,700 km2 in surface). Overall, composition, dynamics and responses to human disturbances of coralline-dominated communities have been well-studied; except for a few species, however, the biology of Mediterranean corallines is poorly known. In terms of diversity, 60 species of corallines are currently reported from the Mediterranean. This number, however, is based on morphological assessments and recent studies incorporating molecular data suggest that the correct estimate is probably much higher. The responses of Mediterranean corallines to climate change have been the subject of several recent studies that documented their tolerance/sensitivity to elevated temperatures and pCO2. These investigations have focused on a few species and should be extended to a wider taxonomic set

ZONATION SUPERFICIELLE DES COTES ROCHEUSES DE L'ÉTANG DE BERRE ET COMPARAISON AVEC CELLES DES COTES DU GOLFE DE MARSEILLE (de Carry à Sausset)

International audienc

ZONATION SUPERFICIELLE DES COTES ROCHEUSES DE L'ÉTANG DE BERRE ET COMPARAISON AVEC CELLES DES COTES DU GOLFE DE MARSEILLE (de Carry à Sausset)

International audienc