Analysis of the needs for help of men who have sex with men and live with HIV

Objetivo Entender las necesidades de asistencia de hombres con VIH que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres, a la luz de una Teoría Prescriptiva Método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y cualitativo, realizado entre noviembre de 2017 y mayo de 2018, entre hombres con VIH que tienen relaciones sexuales con personas de su mismo sexo y se atienden en una Clínica Ambulatoria Especializada de una capital del noreste de Brasil. La investigación utilizó el análisis del discurso del sujeto colectivo. Resultados Participaron 49 hombres con VIH que declararon tener relaciones sexuales con personas del mismo sexo. La asistencia pretendida fue descripta como soporte, refugio, apoyo psicosocial y familiar. El deseo de recibir apoyo estaba relacionado con la aceptación y el olvido del diagnóstico. Los problemas enfrentados aludían a la aceptación del diagnóstico, al miedo y a los prejuicios. Se destacaron, como fuente de apoyo, los profesionales y los familiares. La atención de enfermería se citó como significativa, y la principal ayuda requerida fue la psicológica. Conclusión Las necesidades de ayuda identificadas eran, principalmente, de apoyo psicológico de los profesionales de la salud y de los miembros de la familia. Los participantes están abiertos a recibir ayuda, sobre todo, en lo tocante al enfrentamiento del diagnóstico.Objective To understand the needs for help of men who have sex with men and live with HIV in the light of a Prescriptive Theory. Method Descriptive and qualitative study, conducted with men who have sex with men and live with HIV who were treated in a Specialized Outpatient Service in a capital in Northeastearn Brazil, between the months of November 2017 and May 2018. The study used the analysis of the discourse of the collective subject. Results 49 men with HIV who self-identified as men who have sex with men participated in the study. Help was described as support, welcoming, psychosocial and family support. The desire to receive assistance was related to accepting and forgetting the diagnosis. The problems experienced were related to the acceptance of the diagnosis, fear and prejudice. Professionals and family members stood out as sources of support. Nursing care was cited as significant and the main help required was psychological. Conclusion The needs for help identified were mainly related to psychological support coming from health professionals and family members. Participants were willing to receive help, especially to cope with the diagnosis.Objetivo Compreender as necessidades de ajuda de homens com HIV que fazem sexo com homens à luz de uma Teoria Prescritiva. Método Estudo descritivo e qualitativo, realizado com homens com HIV que fazem sexo com homens atendidos por um Serviço Ambulatorial Especializado de uma capital no Nordeste do Brasil, entre os meses de novembro de 2017 e maio de 2018. A pesquisa utilizou a análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Resultados Participaram do estudo 49 homens com HIV, que se autodenominaram homem que faz sexo com homem. Ajuda foi descrita como apoio, acolhimento, suporte psicossocial e familiar. O desejo de receber auxílio foi relacionado à aceitação e ao esquecimento do diagnóstico. Os problemas enfrentados aludiram à aceitação do diagnóstico, ao medo e ao preconceito. Destacaram-se como fonte de amparo os profissionais e familiares. O cuidado de enfermagem foi citado como significativo, e a principal ajuda requerida foi do tipo psicológica. Conclusão As necessidades de ajuda identificadas relacionaram-se principalmente ao suporte psicológico, proveniente dos profissionais de saúde e dos familiares. Os participantes são receptivos ao recebimento de ajuda, sobretudo, no que se refere ao enfrentamento do diagnóstico

Vulnerability of women with human immunodeficiency virus to cervical cancer

Abstract Objective: To identify the vulnerabilities of women with human immunodeficiency virus to cervical cancer. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a clinic with 152 adult women with HIV, by means of the application of a structured form comprising several types of vulnerability. Results: Related to individual vulnerability, were prevalent the age above 29 years (87.5%), education higher than eight years of study (53.3%) and family income lower than two minimum wages (94.1%). The majority reported active sexual life (81.6%) and non-use of condoms (57.2%). Regarding the social vulnerability, 56.6% were unemployed. About programmatic vulnerability, 44.0% of women underwent a prevention exam in a period of more than one year. Women with more schooling (p = 0.007), employed (p = 0.000) and that did not use illicit drugs (p = 0.000) underwent the preventive exam in proper frequency. Conclusion: In this study, were identified individual, social and programmatic vulnerabilities for cervical cancer in women with HIV

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved