RhoE is required for contact inhibition and negatively regulates tumor initiation and progression

RhoE is a small GTPase involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell cycle and apoptosis. The role of RhoE in cancer is currently controversial, with reports of both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions for RhoE. Using RhoE-deficient mice, we show here that the absence of RhoE blunts contact-inhibition of growth by inhibiting p27 Kip1 nuclear translocation and cooperates in oncogenic transformation of mouse primary fibroblasts. Heterozygous RhoE +/gt mice are more susceptible to chemically induced skin tumors and RhoE knock-down results in increased metastatic potential of cancer cells. These results indicate that RhoE plays a role in suppressing tumor initiation and progression

VITAL phase 2 study: Upfront 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin-C, panitumumab and radiotherapy treatment in nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinomas of the anal canal (GEMCAD 09-02)

Aim: VITAL, a phase II single-arm study, aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of panitumumab addition to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), mitomycin-C (MMC) and radiotherapy (RT) in patients with localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC). Methods: Adult, treatment-naïve SCCAC patients (Stage T2-T4, any N, M0) and ECOG-PS ≤2, received panitumumab (6 mg/kg, day 1 and Q2W; 8 weeks), 5-FU (1000 mg/m2/d, days 1-4 and 29-32), MMC (10 mg/m2, days 1 and 29) and RT 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/fraction) to the primary tumor and mesorectal, iliac and inguinal lymph nodes, plus 10-15 Gy boost dose to the primary tumor and affected lymph nodes. The primary objective was disease free survival rate (DFS) at 3-years (expected 3-year DFS rate: 73.7 ± 12%). Results: Fifty-eight patients (31 women; median age: 59 years; ECOG-PS 0-1:98%; TNM II [29%] (T2 or T3/N0/M0)/IIIA (T1-T3/N1/M0 or T4/N0/M0) [21%]/IIIB (T4/N1/M0 or any T/N2 or N3/M0) [47%]/nonevaluable [4%]) were included. The median follow-up was 45 months. The 3-year DFS rate was 61.1% (95% CI: 47.1, 72.4). The 3-year overall survival rate was 78.4% (95% CI: 65.1, 87.1). Eighteen patients (31.0%) required a colostomy within 2 years posttreatment. Grade 3-4 toxicities were experienced by 53 (91%) patients. Most common grade 3-4 treatment-related events were radiation skin injury (40%) and neutropenia (24%). No toxic deaths occurred. Improved efficacy in colostomy-free survival and complete response rate was observed in human papilloma virus positive patients. Conclusions: Panitumumab addition to MMC-5FU regimen in SCCAC patients increases toxicity and does not improve patients’ outcomes. RT plus MMC-5FU remains the standard of care for localized SCCAC patients.This work was supported by Amgen S.A

Guía de actividades docentes para la formación en integración e igualdad de oportunidades por razón de discapacidad en las enseñanzas técnicas: accesibilidad universal y diseño para todos

Esta guía se ha promovido desde la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC) en un momento caracterizado por la transición a los nuevos grados y másteres. Elaborada con un enfoque práctico y didáctico, quiere ser una herramienta de fácil uso y lectura para el profesorado de las carreras técnicas de cualquier universidad española, aportando ejemplos de aplicación de los principios de diseño para todos y criterios de accesibilidad universal en su práctica docente

Guía de actividades docentes para la formación en integración e igualdad de oportunidades por razón de discapacidad en las enseñanzas técnicas: accesibilidad universal y diseño para todos

Estudio financiado por el MEC, Programa Estudio y AnálisisPostprint (published version

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

VITAL phase 2 study: Upfront 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin-C, panitumumab and radiotherapy treatment in nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinomas of the anal canal (GEMCAD 09-02)

Quimioteràpia; Radioteràpia; Càncer de recteQuimioterapia; Radioterapia; Cáncer de rectoChemotherapy; Radiotherapy; Rectal cancerAim VITAL, a phase II single-arm study, aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of panitumumab addition to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), mitomycin-C (MMC) and radiotherapy (RT) in patients with localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC). Methods Adult, treatment-naïve SCCAC patients (Stage T2-T4, any N, M0) and ECOG-PS ≤2, received panitumumab (6 mg/kg, day 1 and Q2W; 8 weeks), 5-FU (1000 mg/m2/d, days 1-4 and 29-32), MMC (10 mg/m2, days 1 and 29) and RT 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/fraction) to the primary tumor and mesorectal, iliac and inguinal lymph nodes, plus 10-15 Gy boost dose to the primary tumor and affected lymph nodes. The primary objective was disease free survival rate (DFS) at 3-years (expected 3-year DFS rate: 73.7 ± 12%). Results Fifty-eight patients (31 women; median age: 59 years; ECOG-PS 0-1:98%; TNM II [29%] (T2 or T3/N0/M0)/IIIA (T1-T3/N1/M0 or T4/N0/M0) [21%]/IIIB (T4/N1/M0 or any T/N2 or N3/M0) [47%]/nonevaluable [4%]) were included. The median follow-up was 45 months. The 3-year DFS rate was 61.1% (95% CI: 47.1, 72.4). The 3-year overall survival rate was 78.4% (95% CI: 65.1, 87.1). Eighteen patients (31.0%) required a colostomy within 2 years posttreatment. Grade 3-4 toxicities were experienced by 53 (91%) patients. Most common grade 3-4 treatment-related events were radiation skin injury (40%) and neutropenia (24%). No toxic deaths occurred. Improved efficacy in colostomy-free survival and complete response rate was observed in human papilloma virus positive patients. Conclusions Panitumumab addition to MMC-5FU regimen in SCCAC patients increases toxicity and does not improve patients’ outcomes. RT plus MMC-5FU remains the standard of care for localized SCCAC patients.This work was supported by Amgen S.A

RhoE is required for contact inhibition and negatively regulates tumor initiation and progression

RhoE is a small GTPase involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell cycle and apoptosis. The role of RhoE in cancer is currently controversial, with reports of both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions for RhoE. Using RhoE-deficient mice, we show here that the absence of RhoE blunts contact-inhibition of growth by inhibiting p27 Kip1 nuclear translocation and cooperates in oncogenic transformation of mouse primary fibroblasts. Heterozygous RhoE +/gt mice are more susceptible to chemically induced skin tumors and RhoE knock-down results in increased metastatic potential of cancer cells. These results indicate that RhoE plays a role in suppressing tumor initiation and progression

Intoxicaciones graves con medicamentos. Administración de carbón activado

Las intoxicaciones agudas constituyen un motivo frecuente de consulta en los Servicios de Urgencias; aproximadamente el 80%, acusan una sintomatología leve pero un 5% pueden presentar un compromiso multiorgánico requiriendo su ingreso en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (U.C.I). Muchas de estas intoxicaciones son intentos de autólisis o accidentes domésticos y uno de los tratamientos de elección para este tipo de pacientes es el carbón activado (C.A), administrado conjuntamente con un catártico. En este estudio se identifican los efectos deseables e indeseables de la administración terapéutica de carbón activado y catárticos, en pacientes con intoxicación medicamentosa aguda grave (I.M.A.G.). Se estudiaron 30 pacientes con criterios para el uso de carbón activado, observando que un 23% presentaron vómitos, un 7% se broncoaspiraron, y un 90% sufrieron diarreas en las primeras 24 horas. Este estudio demuestra que la administración de carbón activado y catárticos resulta efectiva pero no inocua, y que presenta algunos problemas que requieren estrecha vigilancia, lo cual nos ha llevado a elaborar un plan de cuidados y una guía clínica para un mejor seguimiento de estos pacientes

Aguas continentales. Gestión de recursos hídricos, tratamiento y calidad del agua

Páginas: 276, Formato: 24x17En España tenemos problemas graves de escasez de agua y es evidente que van a empeorar. Tenemos también problemas graves derivados de la calidad del agua. Es evidente, pues, que no se puede evitar un debate serio y riguroso sobre el tema. Este libro de la serie Informes, del CSIC, pretende contribuir a dicho debate dando una visión global sobre la problemática de la disponibilidad y calidad del agua y desarrollando con rigor científico toda una serie de temas en relación a las aguas continentales, como los recursos hídricos, la calidad ecológica, química y microbiológica de las aguas continentales así como los aspectos relacionados con la reutilización y tratamiento de aguas residuales. España, por sus características especificas y como la mayoría de países del sur de Europa, esta obligada casi por naturaleza a asegurar que haya un alto porcentaje de reutilización de las aguas, así como a que exista un estricto programa de control y seguimiento medioambiental y sanitario de estas aguas reutilizadas.Peer reviewe