Herida antebraquial infectada por Aeromonas hydrophila

Se presenta un caso de celulitis por Aeromonas hydrophila, en un paciente de 23 años, tras una herida antebraquial producida en el medio acuático. La celulitis se resolvió mediante desbridamiento agresivo y quimioterapia. En los controles posteriores no se han apreciado déficits funcionales tras la infección.A case of Aeromonas hidrophila cellulitis developped in a 23-year-old patient, after aquatic environment forearm wound is presented. His cellulitis was effectively resolved with aggressive debridement and chemotherapy. Follow-up examinations have shown no residual functional deficits from the infection

Clinical study of cervicogenic headache

The cervicogenic headache was studied to get a deeper insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms, and clinical presentation forms. Material and Methods. Eleven female patients, ranging from 34 to 81 years-old, with cervicogenic headaches, were studied and correlated with NMR images of the cervical spine. Results. Intense neck pain irradiated to parietal, occipital, temporal regions, and shoulders were correlated with NMR images of the degenerated cervical spine. Also, lumbar spine pathology, osteoporosis, gallstones, and cholecystitis were found. The following associated neurological, neurobehavioral, and metabolic diseases comorbidities were observed, such as blood hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hypothyroidism, partial epilepsy, tremor, familial stress, memory, sleep disorders, and dizziness. Also, we found mixed cervicogenic headaches and migraines in 50% of cases studied. Conclusion. The headache and the associated images of cervical pathology have been clinically interpreted as cardinal signs of cervicogenic headache. A mixed cervicogenic mixed type was observed

Low-dimensional iodide perovskite nanocrystals enable efficient red emission

We report herein a simple ligand-assisted reprecipitation method at room temperature to synthesize mixed-cation hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals with low structural dimensionality. The emission wavelength of iodide-based perovskites is thus tuned from the near-infrared to the red part of the visible spectrum. While this is mostly achieved in the literature by addition of bromide, we demonstrate here a controllable blueshift of the band gap by varying the chain length of the alkylammonium ligands. Furthermore, an antisolvent washing step was found to be crucial to purify the samples and obtain single-peak photoluminescence with a narrow linewidth. The so-formed nanocrystals exhibit high and stable photoluminescence quantum yields exceeding 90% over 500 hours, making these materials ideal for light-emitting applications

Differential Expression of Iron Acquisition Genes by Brucella melitensis and Brucella canis during Macrophage Infection

Brucella spp. cause chronic zoonotic disease often affecting individuals and animals in impoverished economic or public health conditions; however, these bacteria do not have obvious virulence factors. Restriction of iron availability to pathogens is an effective strategy of host defense. For brucellae, virulence depends on the ability to survive and replicate within the host cell where iron is an essential nutrient for the growth and survival of both mammalian and bacterial cells. Iron is a particularly scarce nutrient for bacteria with an intracellular lifestyle. Brucella melitensis and Brucella canis share ∼99% of their genomes but differ in intracellular lifestyles. To identify differences, gene transcription of these two pathogens was examined during infection of murine macrophages and compared to broth grown bacteria. Transcriptome analysis of B. melitensis and B. canis revealed differences of genes involved in iron transport. Gene transcription of the TonB, enterobactin, and ferric anguibactin transport systems was increased in B. canis but not B. melitensis during infection of macrophages. The data suggest differences in iron requirements that may contribute to differences observed in the lifestyles of these closely related pathogens. The initial importance of iron for B. canis but not for B. melitensis helps elucidate differing intracellular survival strategies for two closely related bacteria and provides insight for controlling these pathogens

Discordant identification of pediatric severe sepsis by research and clinical definitions in the SPROUT international point prevalence study

Introduction: Consensus criteria for pediatric severe sepsis have standardized enrollment for research studies. However, the extent to which critically ill children identified by consensus criteria reflect physician diagnosis of severe sepsis, which underlies external validity for pediatric sepsis research, is not known. We sought to determine the agreement between physician diagnosis and consensus criteria to identify pediatric patients with severe sepsis across a network of international pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Methods: We conducted a point prevalence study involving 128 PICUs in 26 countries across 6 continents. Over the course of 5 study days, 6925 PICU patients <18 years of age were screened, and 706 with severe sepsis defined either by physician diagnosis or on the basis of 2005 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference consensus criteria were enrolled. The primary endpoint was agreement of pediatric severe sepsis between physician diagnosis and consensus criteria as measured using Cohen's ?. Secondary endpoints included characteristics and clinical outcomes for patients identified using physician diagnosis versus consensus criteria. Results: Of the 706 patients, 301 (42.6 %) met both definitions. The inter-rater agreement (? ± SE) between physician diagnosis and consensus criteria was 0.57 ± 0.02. Of the 438 patients with a physician's diagnosis of severe sepsis, only 69 % (301 of 438) would have been eligible to participate in a clinical trial of pediatric severe sepsis that enrolled patients based on consensus criteria. Patients with physician-diagnosed severe sepsis who did not meet consensus criteria were younger and had lower severity of illness and lower PICU mortality than those meeting consensus criteria or both definitions. After controlling for age, severity of illness, number of comorbid conditions, and treatment in developed versus resource-limited regions, patients identified with severe sepsis by physician diagnosis alone or by consensus criteria alone did not have PICU mortality significantly different from that of patients identified by both physician diagnosis and consensus criteria. Conclusions: Physician diagnosis of pediatric severe sepsis achieved only moderate agreement with consensus criteria, with physicians diagnosing severe sepsis more broadly. Consequently, the results of a research study based on consensus criteria may have limited generalizability to nearly one-third of PICU patients diagnosed with severe sepsis

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Linear assembly of lead bromide-based nanoparticles inside lead(ii) polymers prepared by mixing the precursors of both the nanoparticle and the polymer

Mixing precursors of lead(ii) polymers with those of lead bromide-based nanoparticles (CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskites or PbBr2), at room temperature and in the presence of cyclohexanemethylammonium bromide, generated colloidal nanocomposites which, when deposited on a hydrophobic surface led to long, one-dimensional, ordered and well-defined architectures.status: publishe

Intradialytic parenteral nutrition for patients on hemodialysis: when, how and to whom?

Lay Summary Hemodialysis for patients with chronic kidney disease is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates as well as low quality of life. Poor nutritional status is an important predictor of these risks, so maintaining optimal nutrition in patients on hemodialysis is a critical but sometimes overlooked aspect of care. Because many patients undergoing hemodialysis cannot maintain good nutrition through daily diet or oral nutritional supplements, intravenous delivery of nutrition during hemodialysis sessions has been proposed as another way to support nutrition over time. In this review, a consensus panel of experienced clinicians reviews the available literature and provides experience-based guidance on when to use this nutritional strategy, which patients may be best suited for this approach, practical strategies for delivery, and how to monitor patients receiving this nutrition during hemodialysis.Hemodialysis is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates as well as low quality of life. Altered nutritional status and protein-energy wasting are important indicators of these risks. Maintaining optimal nutritional status in patients with hemodialysis is a critical but sometimes overlooked aspect of care. Nutritional support strategies usually begin with dietary counseling and oral nutritional supplements. Patients may not comply with this advice or oral nutritional supplements, however , or compliance may be affected by other complications of progressive chronic kidney disease. Intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) may be a possibility in these cases, but lack of knowledge on practical aspects of IDPN delivery are seldom discussed and may represent a barrier. In this review, we, as a consensus panel of clinicians experienced with IDPN, survey existing literature and summarize our views on when to use IDPN, which patients may be best suited for IDPN, and how to effectively deliver and monitor this strategy for nutritional support

Characterization of extracellular polymers synthesized by tropical intertidal biofilm bacteria

Aims: This study was performed to determine the potential of tropical intertidal biofilm bacteria as a source of novel exopolymers (EPS). Methods and Results: A screening procedure was implemented to detect EPS-producing biofilm bacteria. Isolates MC3B-10 and MC6B-22, identified respectively as a Microbacterium species and Bacillus species by 16S rDNA and cellular fatty acids analyses, produced different EPS, as evidenced by colorimetric and gas chromatographic analyses. The polymer produced by isolate MC3B-10 displays significant surfactant activity, and may chelate calcium as evidenced by spectroscopic analysis. Conclusions: Polymer MC3B-10 appears to be a glycoprotein, while EPS MC6B-22 seems to be a true polysaccharide dominated by neutral sugars but with significant concentrations of uronic acids and hexosamines. EPS MC3B-10 possesses a higher surfactant activity than that of commercial surfactants, and given its anionic nature, may chelate cations thus proving useful in bioremediation. The chemical composition of polymer MC6B-22 suggests its potential biomedical application in tissue regeneration. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first report of a Microbacterium species producing EPS with surfactant properties, which expands our knowledge of the micro-organisms capable of producing these biomolecules. Furthermore, this work shows that tropical intertidal environments are a nonpreviously recognized habitat for bioprospecting EPS-producing bacteria, and that these molecules might be involved in ecological roles protecting the cells against dessication