Diagnóstico parasitológico e imunológico da estrongiloidíase em crianças imunodeprimidas e imunocompetentes na cidade de Uberlândia, MG, Brasil

Parasitological and immunological diagnoses were part of a study conducted among 151 children, 83 immunocompromised (IC) and 68 non-immunocompromised (non-IC) aged from zero to 12, seen at the University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from February, 1996, to June, 1998. Three fecal samples from each child were analyzed for the parasitological diagnosis by Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. The immunological diagnosis to detect IgG and IgM antibodies was carried out by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) with cryo-microtome sections of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides ratti larvae as antigens and by the ELISA test with an alkaline extract of S. ratti as the antigens. Of the 151 children 5 (3.31%) were infected with larvae of S. stercoralis (2 cases IC, 2.41%, and 3 cases non-IC, 4.41%). The IFAT-IgG detected 7 (8.43%) serum samples positive among IC, and 2 (2.94%) cases among non-IC. The ELISA-IgG test detected 10 (12.05%) serum samples positive among IC, and 1 (1.47%) case among non-IC. The IFAT-IgM detected 6 (7.22%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. ELISA-IgM test detected 10 (12.05%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. It was concluded that the immunological tests can help in the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised children.O diagnóstico parasitológico e imunológico da estrongiloidíase foi realizado em 151 crianças (83 imunodeprimidas -ID e 68 imunocompetentes -IC) de zero a 12 anos de idade internadas no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período de fevereiro de 1996 a junho de 1998. Para o diagnóstico parasitológico três amostras de fezes de cada indivíduo foram processadas pelos métodos de Baermann-Moraes e de Lutz. O diagnóstico imunológico para a detecção de anticorpos IgG e IgM foi realizado através das reações de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) utilizando-se como antígeno cortes de 4 micra de larvas filarióides de Strongyloides stercoralis e Strongyloides ratti e do teste ELISA utilizando-se como antígeno extrato alcalino de larvas de S. ratti. Das 151 crianças, 5 (3,31%) estavam infectadas com S. stercoralis (2 casos ID, 2,41% e 3 casos IC, 4,41%). A RIFI- IgG detectou 7 (8,43%) amostras de soros positivas nas ID, e 2 (2,94%) nas IC. O teste ELISA-IgG detectou 10 (12,05%) amostras de soros positivas nas ID, e 1 (1,47%) nas IC. A RIFI-IgM detectou 6 (7,22%) casos positivos nas ID, e 3 (4,41%) nas IC. O teste ELISA-IgM detectou 10 (12,05%) casos positivos nas ID e 3 (4,41%) nas IC. Concluiu-se que os testes imunológicos podem contribuir para o diagnóstico da estrongiloidíase em crianças imunodeprimidas

Desenvolvimento e validação de um roteiro de co-debriefing para o suporte básico de vida simulado

Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um roteiro para planejar e executar o co-debriefing na simulação clínica do suporte básico de vida no adulto. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado em duas etapas: revisão de literatura nas fontes National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed® ); Scopus; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), utilizando-se o Rayyan para a seleção, e validação por 16 experts, adotando-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: Identificaram-se 2694 estudos, e cinco compuseram a amostra, descrevendo: a definição e objetivo do codebriefing; público alvo; objetivos de aprendizagem; recursos materiais; procedimento; observações e referências. Obteve-se um Índice de Validade do roteiro de 0,97. Conclusão: Considerou-se o roteiro válido para planejar e executar o co-debriefing na simulação do suporte básico de vida, contribuindo para enfermagem por sustentar o co-debriefing e potencializar o desenvolvimento de competência clínica

Desenvolvimento e validação de um roteiro de co-debriefing para o suporte básico de vida simulado

Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um roteiro para planejar e executar o co-debriefing na simulação clínica do suporte básico de vida no adulto. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado em duas etapas: revisão de literatura nas fontes National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed® ); Scopus; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), utilizando-se o Rayyan para a seleção, e validação por 16 experts, adotando-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: Identificaram-se 2694 estudos, e cinco compuseram a amostra, descrevendo: a definição e objetivo do codebriefing; público alvo; objetivos de aprendizagem; recursos materiais; procedimento; observações e referências. Obteve-se um Índice de Validade do roteiro de 0,97. Conclusão: Considerou-se o roteiro válido para planejar e executar o co-debriefing na simulação do suporte básico de vida, contribuindo para enfermagem por sustentar o co-debriefing e potencializar o desenvolvimento de competência clínica

O trabalho em uma instituição de acolhimento à crianças e adolescentes: relato de experiência / Work in a child and adolescent care institution: experience report

No Brasil há inúmeras crianças e adolescentes institucionalizados. O acolhimento institucional é realizado como medida de proteção pela ocorrência de violação ao direito à saúde física ou mental. O contexto de vida e o desenvolvimento desses na instituição podem contribuir para a manifestação de processos patológicos. Objetivo: refletir sobre a assistência prestada às crianças e adolescentes em uma instituição de acolhimento. Metodologia: relato de experiência construído a partir  da  atuação  de  uma  das  autoras  como  assistente  social  em  instituição  filantrópica  de acolhimento para crianças e adolescentes de um município do noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, mantido por uma igreja evangélica. O registro de percepções e reflexões foi realizado no primeiro semestre de  2016. Resultados: os menores acolhidos deveriam permanecer temporariamente na instituição, mas muitos permanecem por um longo período e boa parte do seu desenvolvimento ocorre nesse local. Dessa forma, a assistência é multidisciplinar, com escuta terapêutica, ações de reinserção à família extensa, emancipação e atenção psíquica. Conclusão: crianças e adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional permanecem muito tempo institucionalizados e apresentam sofrimento psíquico. A atenção  deve  ser  humanizada  e compreender  ações como  escuta  terapêutica,   reinserção familiar, estabelelcimento de limites e desenvolvimento de capacidade para crescimento pessoal e preparo para a vida fora desse ambiente. 

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Recent advances in lanthanide spectroscopy in Brazil

This review discusses recent advances in lanthanide spectroscopy involving luminescence applications Q2 carried out in Brazil. The revised topics include glasses, sol–gel, light-emitting diodes, nanoparticles, metal–organic frameworks, coordination polymers, thin films, energy transfer processes, upconversion and development of new theoretical tools. The important role played by Prof. Oscar L. Malta on this subject is evidenced by his many contributions to the broad range of investigations reported here and this review is dedicated to him, on the occasion of his 60th birthday

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost