93 research outputs found
Le niveau relationnel des établissements hÎteliers du Québec selon leurs caractéristiques
MalgrĂ© l'intĂ©rĂȘt grandissant pour l'Ă©tude de l'approche relationnelle, trĂšs peu de recherches ont liĂ© cette notion Ă l'industrie hĂŽteliĂšre. Pourtant, mettre en place une stratĂ©gie relationnelle s'avĂšre ĂȘtre efficace, du moins dans certaines situations, surtout dans un secteur aussi concurrentiel que celui du tourisme. Celle-ci va permettre notamment de fidĂ©liser sa clientĂšle et de la conserver sur le long terme. Cette recherche a pour objectif d'identifier le niveau relationnel des Ă©tablissements hĂŽteliers au QuĂ©bec en fonction de leurs caractĂ©ristiques selon la perception des gestionnaires. La littĂ©rature a permis de prĂ©senter les principales caractĂ©ristiques des hĂŽtels ainsi que les variables constituantes du marketing relationnel pouvant ĂȘtre mises en relation avec le secteur hĂŽtelier. Pour mener Ă bien cette recherche, une Ă©tude quantitative a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e, et au moyen d'un questionnaire envoyĂ© Ă 613 hĂŽteliers Ă travers le QuĂ©bec. Au total 92 hĂŽteliers ont rĂ©pondu au sondage. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus dĂ©montrent que les grands hĂŽtels (plus de 199 chambres) sont les plus relationnels sur la majoritĂ© des variables Ă©tudiĂ©es, que la rĂ©gion gĂ©ographique n'a aucun impact sur le niveau relationnel des Ă©tablissements hĂŽteliers, que les hĂŽtels appartenant Ă une chaĂźne, ceux ayant le plus d'Ă©toiles, ceux ayant le plus haut taux d'occupation et ceux pratiquant les prix les plus Ă©levĂ©s sont davantage relationnels que les autres sur certaines variables. Cette Ă©tude va donc contribuer Ă enrichir la littĂ©rature dans le domaine touristique, mais aussi aider les hĂŽteliers quant Ă leurs prises de dĂ©cision. Elle leur permet de mieux cerner l'importance de mettre en place une stratĂ©gie relationnelle pour ainsi amĂ©liorer leurs prestations de service mais aussi se diffĂ©rencier de leurs concurrents. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLĂS DE LâAUTEUR : Marketing des services, StratĂ©gie relationnelle, Tourisme, CaractĂ©ristiques des hĂŽtels
SPHERE IRDIS and IFS astrometric strategy and calibration
We present the current results of the astrometric characterization of the VLT
planet finder SPHERE over 2 years of on-sky operations. We first describe the
criteria for the selection of the astrometric fields used for calibrating the
science data: binaries, multiple systems, and stellar clusters. The analysis
includes measurements of the pixel scale and the position angle with respect to
the North for both near-infrared subsystems, the camera IRDIS and the integral
field spectrometer IFS, as well as the distortion for the IRDIS camera. The
IRDIS distortion is shown to be dominated by an anamorphism of 0.60+/-0.02%
between the horizontal and vertical directions of the detector, i.e. 6 mas at
1". The anamorphism is produced by the cylindrical mirrors in the common path
structure hence common to all three SPHERE science subsystems (IRDIS, IFS, and
ZIMPOL), except for the relative orientation of their field of view. The
current estimates of the pixel scale and North angle for IRDIS are
12.255+/-0.009 milliarcseconds/pixel for H2 coronagraphic images and
-1.75+/-0.08 deg. Analyses of the IFS data indicate a pixel scale of
7.46+/-0.02 milliarcseconds/pixel and a North angle of -102.18+/-0.13 deg. We
finally discuss plans for providing astrometric calibration to the SPHERE users
outside the instrument consortium.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 table
Constraints on the nearby exoplanet Eps Ind Ab from deep near/mid-infrared imaging limits
© ESO 2021. This is the accepted manuscript version of an article which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140730The past decade has seen increasing efforts in detecting and characterising exoplanets by high contrast imaging in the near/mid-infrared, which is the optimal wavelength domain for studying old, cold planets. In this work, we present deep AO imaging observations of the nearby Sun-like star Ind A with NaCo () and NEAR (10-12.5 microns) instruments at VLT, in an attempt to directly detect its planetary companion whose presence has been indicated from radial velocity (RV) and astrometric trends. We derive brightness limits from the non-detection of the companion with both instruments, and interpret the corresponding sensitivity in mass based on both cloudy and cloud-free atmospheric and evolutionary models. For an assumed age of 5 Gyr for the system, we get detectable mass limits as low as 4.4 in NaCo and 8.2 in NEAR bands at 1.5\arcsec from the central star. If the age assumed is 1 Gyr, we reach even lower mass limits of 1.7 in NaCo and 3.5 in NEAR bands, at the same separation. However, based on the dynamical mass estimate (3.25 ) and ephemerides from astrometry and RV, we find that the non-detection of the planet in these observations puts a constraint of 2 Gyr on the lower age limit of the system. NaCo offers the highest sensitivity to the planetary companion in these observations, but the combination with the NEAR wavelength range adds a considerable degree of robustness against uncertainties in the atmospheric models. This underlines the benefits of including a broad set of wavelengths for detection and characterisation of exoplanets in direct imaging studies.Peer reviewe
Lessons learned from SPHERE for the astrometric strategy of the next generation of exoplanet imaging instruments
Measuring the orbits of directly imaged exoplanets requires precise astrometry at the milliarcsec level over long periods of time due to their wide separation to the stars ( â°310 au) and long orbital period ( â°320 yr). To reach this challenging goal, a specific strategy was implemented for the instrument Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research (SPHERE), the first dedicated exoplanet imaging instrument at the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO). A key part of this strategy relies on the astrometric stability of the instrument over time. We monitored for five years the evolution of the optical distortion, pixel scale, and orientation to the True North of SPHERE images using the near-infrared instrument IRDIS. We show that the instrument calibration achieves a positional stability of 1/41 mas over 2âł field of views. We also discuss the SPHERE astrometric strategy, issues encountered in the course of the on-sky operations, and lessons learned for the next generation of exoplanet imaging instruments on the Extremely Large Telescope being built by ESO. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI
Dynamical Evidence of a Spiral Arm-driving Planet in the MWC 758 Protoplanetary Disk
More than a dozen young stars host spiral arms in their surrounding protoplanetary disks. The excitation mechanisms of such arms are under debate. The two leading hypothesesâcompanion-disk interaction and gravitational instability (GI)âpredict distinct motion for spirals. By imaging the MWC 758 spiral arm system at two epochs spanning âŒ5 yr using the SPHERE instrument on the Very Large Telescope, we test the two hypotheses for the first time. We find that the pattern speeds of the spirals are not consistent with the GI origin. Our measurements further evince the existence of a faint "missing planet" driving the disk arms. The average spiral pattern speed is 0°22 ± 0°03 yr[SUP]-1[/SUP], pointing to a driver at au around a 1.9 M[SUB]â[/SUB] central star if it is on a circular orbit. In addition, we witness time-varying shadowing effects on a global scale that are likely originating from an inner disk
Integrative and comparative genomic analyses identify clinically relevant pulmonary carcinoid groups and unveil the supra-carcinoids
International audienceThe worldwide incidence of pulmonary carcinoids is increasing, but little is known about their molecular characteristics. Through machine learning and multi-omics factor analysis, we compare and contrast the genomic profiles of 116 pulmonary carcinoids (including 35 atypical), 75 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), and 66 small-cell lung cancers. Here we report that the integrative analyses on 257 lung neuroendocrine neoplasms stratify atypical carcinoids into two prognostic groups with a 10-year overall survival of 88% and 27%, respectively. We identify therapeutically relevant molecular groups of pulmonary car-cinoids, suggesting DLL3 and the immune system as candidate therapeutic targets; we confirm the value of OTP expression levels for the prognosis and diagnosis of these diseases, and we unveil the group of supra-carcinoids. This group comprises samples with carcinoid-like morphology yet the molecular and clinical features of the deadly LCNEC, further supporting the previously proposed molecular link between the low-and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms
Factors associated with breastfeeding initiation:A comparison between France and French-speaking Canada
Background: Breastfeeding is associated with multiple domains of health for both mothers and children. Nevertheless, breastfeeding initiation is low within certain developed countries. Furthermore, comparative studies of initiation rates using harmonised data across multiple regions is scarce. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare individual-level determinants of breastfeeding initiation using two French-speaking cohorts. Methods: Participants included ~ 3,900 mothers enrolled in two cohort studies in Canada and France. Interviews, questionnaires, and medical records were utilised to collect information on maternal, family, and medical factors associated with breastfeeding initiation. Results: Rates of breastfeeding initiation were similar across cohorts, slightly above 70%. Women in both Canada and France who had higher levels of maternal education, were born outside of their respective countries and who did not smoke during pregnancy were more likely to initiate breastfeeding with the cohort infant. Notably, cohort effects of maternal education at the university level were found, whereby having 'some university' was not statistically significant for mothers in France. Further, younger mothers in Canada, who delivered by caesarean section and who had previous children had reduced odds of breastfeeding initiation. These results were not found for mothers in France. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: While some similar determinants were observed, programming efforts to increase breastfeeding initiation should be tailored to the characteristics of specific geographical regions which may be heavily impacted by the social, cultural and political climate of the region, in addition to individual and family level factors.European Commission - Seventh Framework Programme (FP7
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Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial.
Importance: Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. Objective: To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants: An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin. Between March 9 and June 17, 2020, 614 adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled and randomized within at least 1 domain following admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory or cardiovascular organ support at 121 sites in 8 countries. Of these, 403 were randomized to open-label interventions within the corticosteroid domain. The domain was halted after results from another trial were released. Follow-up ended August 12, 2020. Interventions: The corticosteroid domain randomized participants to a fixed 7-day course of intravenous hydrocortisone (50 mg or 100 mg every 6 hours) (nâ=â143), a shock-dependent course (50 mg every 6 hours when shock was clinically evident) (nâ=â152), or no hydrocortisone (nâ=â108). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was organ support-free days (days alive and free of ICU-based respiratory or cardiovascular support) within 21 days, where patients who died were assigned -1 day. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model that included all patients enrolled with severe COVID-19, adjusting for age, sex, site, region, time, assignment to interventions within other domains, and domain and intervention eligibility. Superiority was defined as the posterior probability of an odds ratio greater than 1 (threshold for trial conclusion of superiority >99%). Results: After excluding 19 participants who withdrew consent, there were 384 patients (mean age, 60 years; 29% female) randomized to the fixed-dose (nâ=â137), shock-dependent (nâ=â146), and no (nâ=â101) hydrocortisone groups; 379 (99%) completed the study and were included in the analysis. The mean age for the 3 groups ranged between 59.5 and 60.4 years; most patients were male (range, 70.6%-71.5%); mean body mass index ranged between 29.7 and 30.9; and patients receiving mechanical ventilation ranged between 50.0% and 63.5%. For the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively, the median organ support-free days were 0 (IQR, -1 to 15), 0 (IQR, -1 to 13), and 0 (-1 to 11) days (composed of 30%, 26%, and 33% mortality rates and 11.5, 9.5, and 6 median organ support-free days among survivors). The median adjusted odds ratio and bayesian probability of superiority were 1.43 (95% credible interval, 0.91-2.27) and 93% for fixed-dose hydrocortisone, respectively, and were 1.22 (95% credible interval, 0.76-1.94) and 80% for shock-dependent hydrocortisone compared with no hydrocortisone. Serious adverse events were reported in 4 (3%), 5 (3%), and 1 (1%) patients in the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: Among patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with a 7-day fixed-dose course of hydrocortisone or shock-dependent dosing of hydrocortisone, compared with no hydrocortisone, resulted in 93% and 80% probabilities of superiority with regard to the odds of improvement in organ support-free days within 21 days. However, the trial was stopped early and no treatment strategy met prespecified criteria for statistical superiority, precluding definitive conclusions. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02735707
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