Circadian Variation of Migraine Attack Onset: A Review of Clinical Studies

Several studies suggested that migraine attack onset shows a circadian variation; however, there has not been an overview and synthesis of these findings. A PubMed search with keywords "migraine" AND "circadian" resulted in ten studies directly investigating this topic. Results of these studies mostly show that migraine attacks follow a monophasic 24-hour cyclic pattern with an early morning or late night peak while other studies reported an afternoon peak and also a biphasic 24-hour cycle of attacks. The identified studies showed methodological variation including sample size, inclusion of medication use, comorbidities, and night or shift workers which could have contributed to the contradictory results. Several theories emerged explaining the diurnal distribution of migraine attacks suggesting roles for different phenomena including a morning rise in cortisol levels, a possible hypothalamic dysfunction, a circadian variation of migraine triggers, sleep stages, and a potentially different setting of the circadian pacemaker among migraineurs. At the moment, most studies show an early morning or late night peak of migraine attack onset, but a significant amount of studies reveals contradictory results. Further studies should investigate the arising hypotheses to improve our understanding of the complex mechanism behind the circadian variation of migraine attacks that can shed light on new targets for migraine therapy

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Quality of Life in Migraine and Medication Overuse Headache in a Hungarian Sample: Understanding the Effect of Headache Characteristics

Háttér és célkitûzés – Általános és betegségspecifikus életminőség-kérdőívet használó vizsgálatok eredményei alapján mind migrénben, mind fájdalomcsillapító-túlfogyasztáshoz társuló fejfájásban (FTTF) szenvedő betegek esetében alacsonyabb életminôség-értékeket mértek a kontrollrésztvevőkhöz hasonlítva. Vizsgálatunk célja egyrészt a migrénben és FTTF-ben szenvedő betegek életminőségének, valamint a fejfájás-karakterisztika (fejfájós évek száma, auratünetek, triptánhasználat, fejfájássúlyosság és fejfájás-gyakoriság) életminőségre gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálata volt. Módszerek – Keresztmetszeti vizsgálatunkban 334 beteg vett részt (248 beteg fejfájás-ambulanciánkról, valamint 86 beteg hirdetés útján). A résztvevők életminőségének értékeléséhez az Átfogó Fejfájással Kapcsolatos Életminőség kérdőívet (CHQQ) használtuk. Adataink normáleloszlást mutattak, így χ2-próba mellett parametrikus teszte ket alkalmaztunk (például független mintás t-próba), a szignifikanciaszintet p < 0,05-ban határoztuk meg. A nem, életkor, beválogatási kritériumok, fejfájástípus, valamint fejfájás-karakterisztika (auratünetek megléte, fejfájós évek száma, fejfájás súlyossága, fejfájás gyakorisága, triptánhasználat) életminőségre gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálatához lineáris regressziós modelleket használtunk mind a három CHQQ-alskála és az összpontszám tekintetében is. Az utóbbi esetében az I. típusú hiba elkerülésének érdekében a szignifikanciaszintet p<=0,0125 (0,05/4) értékben határoztuk meg. Eredmények – A fejfájástípust önmagában vizsgálva az FTTF-ben szenvedő betegek a szociális alskála kivételével szignifikánsan alacsonyabb CHQQ-értékeket értek el, mint a migrénes betegek. A többi változó bevonásával elvégzett regressziós elemzések alapján a triptánhasználat mutatott fordított összefüggést az összes CHQQ-alskálaértékkel (p < 0,0125). A vizsgált fejfájás-karakterisztikák közül a fejfájás súlyossága mutatott szignifikáns kapcsolatot az alacsonyabb fizikaialskála-értékekkel (p = 0,001), valamint az alacsonyabb CHQQ-összpontszámmal (p = 0,002). Következtetés – Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a fejfájás-karakterisztika (és nem a fejfájás típusa önmagában) összefüggést mutat a fejfájós betegek alacsonyabb életminôségével. Az életminőség-változást előidézô faktorok meghatározása fontos a különböző betegpopulációk adekvát kezelésének, valamint az egészségügyi szolgáltatások igénybevételével és az egészségügyi költségekkel kapcsolatos népegészségügyi intézkedéseknek a megtervezése érdekében

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurement of B-c(2S)(+) and B-c*(2S)(+) cross section ratios in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The second-order Fourier coefficients (v(2)) characterizing the azimuthal distributions of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons produced in PbPb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV are studied. The Y mesons are reconstructed in their dimuon decay channel, as measured by the CMS detector. The collected data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 nb(-1). The scalar product method is used to extract the v2 coefficients of the azimuthal distributions. Results are reported for the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.4, in the transverse momentum interval 0 < pT < 50 GeV/c, and in three centrality ranges of 10-30%, 30-50% and 50-90%. In contrast to the J/psi mesons, the measured v(2) values for the Y mesons are found to be consistent with zero. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Development and validation of HERWIG 7 tunes from CMS underlying-event measurements

This paper presents new sets of parameters (“tunes”) for the underlying-event model of the HERWIG7 event generator. These parameters control the description of multiple-parton interactions (MPI) and colour reconnection in HERWIG7, and are obtained from a fit to minimum-bias data collected by the CMS experiment at s=0.9, 7, and 13Te. The tunes are based on the NNPDF 3.1 next-to-next-to-leading-order parton distribution function (PDF) set for the parton shower, and either a leading-order or next-to-next-to-leading-order PDF set for the simulation of MPI and the beam remnants. Predictions utilizing the tunes are produced for event shape observables in electron-positron collisions, and for minimum-bias, inclusive jet, top quark pair, and Z and W boson events in proton-proton collisions, and are compared with data. Each of the new tunes describes the data at a reasonable level, and the tunes using a leading-order PDF for the simulation of MPI provide the best description of the dat