13,617 research outputs found
Effect of COVID-Protocols on Athletic Training Burnout
Burnout is a psychological condition consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a decreased sense of personal accomplishment and identity. Since the start of the pandemic, a significant increase in burnout has been reported by healthcare professionals, however, there is little known regarding the experiences of athletic trainers (ATs). PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between burnout and COVID-19 related factors among ATs. METHODS: An electronic survey grouped by the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey, COVID-19 related workplace policies, and demographics was sent to 1,000 ATs through the National Athletic Trainer’s Association email listserv; participants were also recruited via a social media link. Pearson correlations or Kendall’s tau non-parametric correlations were used to measure the strength of the association between burnout and COVID-19 job-related items. One-way ANOVA was used to determine any differences between burnout scores across demographic factors. RESULTS: 81 ATs (age: 34.72 ± 11.27 y; career experience: 11.7 ± 10.6 y) across the US completed the survey (6% response rate). Emotional exhaustion depersonalization (EEDP) burnout was identified among 33.3% of the respondents. Correlations were found between EEDP burnout and poor financial compensation for increased responsibilities (n= 81; r=.212, p=.042), work hour alterations (n=78; r=.217, p=.037) and workload changes (n=78; r=.158, p=.128). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the COVID-19 pandemic changed the AT profession in novel ways. Moving forward, researchers should aim for a better understanding on the long-term effects of COVID-19 and effective strategies in alleviating burnout in the larger population of ATs
CP violation in neutrino oscillations and new physics
We consider future experiments to detect CP violation in neutrino
oscillations and discuss how to test that all asymmetries are indeed described
in terms of the single leptonic Jarlskog invariant as predicted in the absence
of new physics effects.Comment: 28 pages, 15 figures, references added, version to appear in NP
Breaking Tri-bimaximal Mixing and Large
The long baseline neutrino experiment, T2K, and the reactor experiment,
Double Chooz will soon present new data. If we expect to be
0.1-0.2, which is close to the present experimental upper bound, we should not
persist in the paradigm of the tri-bimaximal mixing. We discuss breaking the
tri-bimaximal mixing by adding a simple mass matrix, which could be derived
from some non-Abelian discrete symmetries. It is found that
is expected in our model independent analysis of the
generalized mass matrix for the normal or inverted hierarchical neutrino mass
spectrum. On the other hand, and are
expected to be not far from 1/2 and 1/3, respectively. As a typical example, we
also discuss the flavor model with the 1 and 1' flavons, which break the
tri-bimaximal mixing considerably. In this modified version of the Altarelli
and Feruglio model, is predicted to be around 0.15 in the
case of the normal hierarchical neutrino masses , and 0.2 in
the case of the inverted hierarchy . The form of the neutrino
mass matrix looks rather interesting --- it is suggestive of other discrete
symmetries as well.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, final versio
Minimal Modification To The Tri-bimaximal Neutrino Mixing
Current experimental data on neutrino oscillations are consistent with the
tri-bimaximal mixing. If future experimental data will determine a non-zero
and/or find CP violations in neutrino oscillations, there is the need
to modify the mixing pattern. We find that a simple neutrino mass matrix,
resulting from family symmetry breaking with residual and
discrete symmetries respectively for the Higgs sectors generating the charged
lepton and neutrino mass matrices, can satisfy the required modifications. The
neutrino mass matrix is minimally modified with just one additional complex
parameter compared with the one producing the tri-bimaximal mixing. In this
case, the CP violating Jarlskog factor has a simple form
( for real neutrino mass matrix), and also
. We also discuss how this mixing matrix can be tested
experimentally.Comment: Latex 11 pages with no figures. References adde
Unitarity boomerangs of quark and lepton mixing matrices
The most popular way to present mixing matrices of quarks (CKM) and leptons
(PMNS) is the parametrization with three mixing angles and one CP-violating
phase. There are two major options in this kind of parametrizations, one is the
original Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) matrix, and the other is the Chau-Keung (CK)
matrix. In a new proposal by Frampton and He, a unitarity boomerang is
introduced to combine two unitarity triangles, and this new presentation
displays all four independent parameters of the KM parametrization in the quark
sector simultaneously. In this paper, we study the relations between KM and CK
parametrizations, and also consider the quark-lepton complementarity (QLC) in
the KM parametrization. The unitarity boomerang is discussed in the situation
of the CK parametrization for comparison with that in the KM parametrization in
the quark sector. Then we extend the idea of unitarity boomerang to the lepton
sector, and check the corresponding unitarity boomerangs in the two cases of
parametrizations.Comment: 18 latex pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in PL
Consumer Confidence in the Food System, Media Coverage and Stock Prices of Food Companies: A Regression Analysis
A series of recent and serious food safety incidents have generated a national debate over the significant costs that they impose on various stakeholders - consumers, industry, or the government. This paper examines the impact of media coverage of food safety and defense issues on consumer confidence in food safety, and measures the response of stock prices of food companies to changes in consumer confidence. Results show that, increases in media coverage have a negative impact on consumer confidence, and that decreases in the levels of consumer confidence on food safety have a negative impact on stock prices of food companies, in particular for the larger firms. These findings confirm that the financial performance of food the industry is negatively affected by category-specific food safety events, and the effects of media coverage on consumer confidence in the safety of the food system.Agribusiness, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,
Near Tribimaximal Neutrino Mixing with Delta(27) Symmetry
The discrete subgroup Delta(27) of SU(3) has the interesting multiplication
rule 3 X 3 = bar{3} + bar{3} + bar{3}, which is used to obtain near
tribimaximal neutrino mixing. Using present neutrino oscillation data as input,
this model predicts that the effective mass m_{ee} measured in neutrinoless
double beta decay will be 0.14 eV.Comment: 6 pages, no figur
Occurrence of preterm calving in Great Britain and associations with milk production and reproductive performance in dairy cattle
This study describes the occurrence of preterm calving in Great Britain and evaluates its associations with subsequent milk production and reproductive performances and survival on farm of dairy cows. A total of 53 British dairy farms and 5759 animals with detailed breeding and milk recording data available were used to form two study groups: preterm calving (calving occurring between days 266 and 277 of gestation) and full-term calving (calving occurring at 278 days of gestation and over). Mixed effects models were implemented to compare milk production, clinical cases of mastitis and number of services per conception between groups. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses compared time from calving to conception, calving interval and survival on farm between groups. Preterm calving cows showed significantly lower milk yield (P<0.01) and butter fat per cent (P=0.02), increased milk protein per cent (P=0.01), longer survival on farm (P<0.01), and a tendency for shorter calving to conception intervals and fewer services per conception, although other factors were involved in the reproduction outcomes. Experiencing a preterm calving is associated with lower milk production and longer survival times on farm. Potential risk factors for preterm calving, such as infectious diseases, diet and husbandry practices, should be further investigated
Fermion Masses and Mixings in a S4 Based Model
It has been recently claimed that the symmetry group S4 yields to the
Tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing in a "natural" way from the group theory point of
view. Approving of this feature as an indication, we build a supersymmetric
model of lepton and quark masses based on this family symmetry group. In the
lepton sector, a correct mass hierarchy among the charged leptons is achieved
together to a neutrino mass matrix which can be diagonalized by the
Tri-bimaximal pattern. Our model results to be phenomenologically unequivalent
with respect to other proposals based on different flavour groups but still
predicting the Tri-bimaximal mixing. In the quark sector a realistic pattern
for masses and mixing angles is obtained. The flavour structures of the mass
matrices in both the sectors come from the spontaneously symmetry breaking of
S4, due to several scalar fields, which get non-zero vacuum expectation values.
A specific vacuum alignment is required and it is shown to be a natural results
of the minimization of the scalar potential and, moreover, to be stable under
the corrections from the higher order terms.Comment: 25 pages, LaTeX; added references and minor correctio
Minimal seesaw model with tri/bi-maximal mixing and leptogenesis
We examine minimal seesaw mechanism in which the masses of light neutrinos
are described with tri/bi-maximal mixing in the basis where the charged-lepton
Yukawa matrix and heavy Majorana neutrino mass matrix are diagonal. We search
for all possible Dirac mass textures which contain at least one zero entry in
matrix and evaluate the corresponding lepton asymmetries. We
present the baryon asymmetry in terms of a single low energy unknown, a
Majorana CP phase to be clued from neutrinoless double beta decay.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, version to appear in Phys. Lett.
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