Toll Based Measures for Dynamical Graphs

Biological networks are one of the most studied object in computational biology. Several methods have been developed for studying qualitative properties of biological networks. Last decade had seen the improvement of molecular techniques that make quantitative analyses reachable. One of the major biological modelling goals is therefore to deal with the quantitative aspect of biological graphs. We propose a probabilistic model that suits with this quantitative aspects. Our model combines graph with several dynamical sources. It emphazises various asymptotic statistical properties that might be useful for giving biological insightsComment: 11 page

Does single monetary policy have asymmetric real effects in EMU ?

This article compares reactions of economies in Economic Monetary Union to a single monetary policy. For that, we estimate a reaction function supposed to represent the behaviour of European Central Bank over the period 1980-1998. Then residuals are introduced into the production equation of each country. We break up monetary shocks in two axes: first, anticipated against unanticipated shocks and then positive against negative shocks. These distinctions permit a best evaluation of the degree of homogeneity of the effects of monetary policy. France, Germany, Spain and Austria seem more sensitive to unanticipated interest rates increases contrary to Belgium and Italy. These results illustrate all the problem of single monetary policy.monetary policy shocks, reaction function, asymmetric effects, Economic Monetary Union.

An Analysis of Key Factors for the Success of the Communal Management of Knowledge.

This paper explores the links between Knowledge Management and new community-based models of the organization from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. From a theoretical standpoint, we look at Communities of Practice (CoPs) and Knowledge Management (KM) and explore the links between the two as they relate to the use of information systems to manage knowledge. We begin by reviewing technologically supported approaches to KM and introduce the idea of Systèmes d'Aide à la Gestion des Connaissances SAGC (Systems to aid the Management of Knowledge). Following this we examine the contribution that communal structures such as CoPs can make to intraorganizational KM and highlight some of 'success factors' for this approach to KM that are found in the literature. From an empirical standpoint, we present the results of a survey involving the Chief Knowledge Officers (CKOs) of twelve large French businesses; the objective of this study was to identify the factors that might influence the success of such approaches. The survey was analysed using thematic content analysis and the results are presented here with some short illustrative quotes from the CKOs. Finally, the paper concludes with some brief reflections on what can be learnt from looking at this problem from these two perspectives.Knowledge Management; Community-based; Communities of Practice; Gestion des Connaissances; Chief Knowledge Officers; Success Factors; KM