Перфоративна гастродуоденальна виразка. Вибір методики операції

The aim of the work: to analyze the results of surgical treatment and quality of life of patients operated on perforative gastroduodenal ulcer. Materials and Methods. The work is based on the analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 261 patients with perforated gastroduodenal ulcer. Patients of working age predominated: there were 235 (90 %) people under 60 years of age. The average age of patients was 38.7 years. Depending on the type of surgery, all patients were divided into two groups. The group I consisted of 159 patients who underwent surgery for excision of the ulcer with pyroplasty without vagotomy, group 2 – 102 patients who underwent surgery for excision of the ulcer with vagotomy. The following methods were used for the examination of patients: clinical blood test, clinical urine analysis, biochemical study, blood groups, rhesus factor, electrocardiography, radiological examination of abdominal and chest organs. The following hematologic indices were identified: leukocyte intoxication index (LII), nuclear displacement index (NID), and the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (N/L). Results and Discussion. The results of surgical treatment of 261 patients with perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers were analysed. The analysis had shown that in all cases was present chronic ulcer perforation. It was found out, that patients operated in remote terms had morphological peculiarities of gastric mucous membrane, such as chronic atrophic gastritis with focuses of complete intestinal metaplasia. At surgical treatment of patients with perforated gastroduodenal ulcers the excision of ulcer with pyloroplasty and therapeutic correcting treatment is recommended.Цель работы: проанализировать результаты хирургического лечения и качества жизни больных, оперированных по поводу перфоративной гастродуоденальной язвы. Материалы и методы. Работа базируется на анализе результатов хирургического лечения 261 больного с перфоративной гастродуоденальной язвой. Преобладали больные трудоспособного возраста: в возрасте до 60 лет было 235 (90 %) человек. Средний возраст больных составлял 38,7 лет. В зависимости от вида операции все больные были разделены на две группы. Первую группу составили 159 больных, которым выполнена операция иссечение язвы с пилоропластикой без ваготомии, вторую – 102 больных, которым выполнена операция иссечение язвы с ваготомией. Для обследования больных были использованы следующие методы: клинический анализ крови, клинический анализ мочи, биохимическое исследование, группы крови, резус-фактора, электрокардиография, рентгенологическое исследование органов брюшной полости и грудной клетки. Были определены следующие гематологические индексы: лейкоцитарный индекс интоксикации (ЛИИ), ядерный индекс сдвига (ЯИС), а также отношение нейтрофилов к лимфоцитам (Н/л). Результаты исследований и их обсуждение. Проведен анализ результатов оперативного лечения 261 больного с перфоративной язвой желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки. Анализ показал, что во всех случаях имела место перфорация хронической язвы. Выяснено, что в отдаленные сроки у оперированных больных слизистая оболочка желудка имела морфологические особенности, характерные для хронического атрофического гастрита с очагами полной кишечной метаплазии. При хирургическом лечении больных перфоративной гастродуоденальной язвы рекомендуется выполнять иссечение язвы с выполнением пилоропластики и проведением медикаментозной корректирующей терапии.Мета роботи: проаналізувати результати хірургічного лікування і якость життя хворих, оперованих із приводу перфоративної гастродуоденальнї виразки. Матеріали і методи. Робота базується на аналізі результатів хірургічного лікування 261 хворого з перфоративною гастродуоденальною виразкою. Переважали хворі працездатного віку: у віці до 60 років було 235 (90 %) осіб. Середній вік хворих складав 38,7 року. Залежно від виду операції усі хворі були розподілені на дві групи. Першу групу склали 159 хворих, яким виконана операція висічення виразки з пілоропластикою без ваготомії, другу – 102 хворі, яким виконана операція висічення виразки з ваготомією. Для обстеження хворих були використані такі методи: клінічний аналіз крові, клінічний аналіз сечі, біохімічне дослідження, групи крові, резус-фактора, електрокардіографія, рентгенологічне дослідження органів черевної порожнини та грудної клітки. Були визначені такі гематологічні індекси: лейкоцитарний індекс інтоксикації (ЛІІ), ядерний індекс зсуву (ЯІЗ), а також відношення нейтрофілів до лімфоцитів (Н/Л). Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Аналіз показав, що в усіх випадках мала місце перфорація хронічної виразки. Зясовано, що у віддалені терміни у оперованих хворих слизова оболонка шлунка мала морфологічні особливості, характерні для хронічного атрофічного гастриту з вогнищами повної кишкової метаплазії. При хірургічному лікуванні хворих на перфоративну гастродуоденальну виразку рекомендовано виконувати висічення виразки з виконанням пілоропластики та проведенням медикаментозної коригуючої терапії

Dynamical Casimir Effect with Semi-Transparent Mirrors, and Cosmology

After reviewing some essential features of the Casimir effect and, specifically, of its regularization by zeta function and Hadamard methods, we consider the dynamical Casimir effect (or Fulling-Davis theory), where related regularization problems appear, with a view to an experimental verification of this theory. We finish with a discussion of the possible contribution of vacuum fluctuations to dark energy, in a Casimir like fashion, that might involve the dynamical version.Comment: 11 pages, Talk given in the Workshop ``Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External Conditions (QFEXT07)'', Leipzig (Germany), September 17 - 21, 200

On the issue of imposing boundary conditions on quantum fields

An interesting example of the deep interrelation between Physics and Mathematics is obtained when trying to impose mathematical boundary conditions on physical quantum fields. This procedure has recently been re-examined with care. Comments on that and previous analysis are here provided, together with considerations on the results of the purely mathematical zeta-function method, in an attempt at clarifying the issue. Hadamard regularization is invoked in order to fill the gap between the infinities appearing in the QFT renormalized results and the finite values obtained in the literature with other procedures.Comment: 13 pages, no figure

Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma)/BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma)

The ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0 -> K*0 gamma and Bs0 -> phi gamma has been measured using 0.37 fb-1 of pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment. The value obtained is BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma)/BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) = 1.12 +/- 0.08 ^{+0.06}_{-0.04} ^{+0.09}_{-0.08}, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is associated to the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average for BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma) = (4.33 +/- 0.15) x 10^{-5}, the branching fraction BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) is measured to be (3.9 +/- 0.5) x 10^{-5}, which is the most precise measurement to date.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, 2 table

Measurement of the CKM angle γ from a combination of B±→Dh± analyses

A combination of three LHCb measurements of the CKM angle γ is presented. The decays B±→D K± and B±→Dπ± are used, where D denotes an admixture of D0 and D0 mesons, decaying into K+K−, π+π−, K±π∓, K±π∓π±π∓, K0Sπ+π−, or K0S K+K− final states. All measurements use a dataset corresponding to 1.0 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. Combining results from B±→D K± decays alone a best-fit value of γ =72.0◦ is found, and confidence intervals are set γ ∈ [56.4,86.7]◦ at 68% CL, γ ∈ [42.6,99.6]◦ at 95% CL. The best-fit value of γ found from a combination of results from B±→Dπ± decays alone, is γ =18.9◦, and the confidence intervals γ ∈ [7.4,99.2]◦ ∪ [167.9,176.4]◦ at 68% CL are set, without constraint at 95% CL. The combination of results from B± → D K± and B± → Dπ± decays gives a best-fit value of γ =72.6◦ and the confidence intervals γ ∈ [55.4,82.3]◦ at 68% CL, γ ∈ [40.2,92.7]◦ at 95% CL are set. All values are expressed modulo 180◦, and are obtained taking into account the effect of D0–D0 mixing

R & D for collider beauty physics at the LHC

We propose an R&D program for the development of a Beauty trigger and innovative elements of the associated spectrometer. A series of short test runs is proposed at the SPS p-pbar Collider with the minimal spectrometer which will allow a credible B signal to be obtained in an invariant mass spectrum of reconstructed B mesons. The program builds on the success of the recent collider run of the P238 Collaboration, in which clean signals from beam-beam interactions were observed in a large silicon strip microvertex detector running 1.5 mm from the circulating beams. A continuing successful R&D program of the type proposed could ultimately lead to a collider experiment at the LHC to study CP Violation and rare B decays

Differential branching fraction and angular analysis of the decay B0→K∗0μ+μ−

The angular distribution and differential branching fraction of the decay B 0→ K ∗0 μ + μ − are studied using a data sample, collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1. Several angular observables are measured in bins of the dimuon invariant mass squared, q 2. A first measurement of the zero-crossing point of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon system is also presented. The zero-crossing point is measured to be q20=4.9±0.9GeV2/c4 , where the uncertainty is the sum of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The results are consistent with the Standard Model predictions

Search for CP violation in D+→K−K+π+D^{+} \to K^{-}K^{+}\pi^{+} decays

A model-independent search for direct CP violation in the Cabibbo suppressed decay $D^+ \to K^- K^+\pi^+$ in a sample of approximately 370,000 decays is carried out. The data were collected by the LHCb experiment in 2010 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb$^{-1}$. The normalized Dalitz plot distributions for $D^+$ and $D^-$ are compared using four different binning schemes that are sensitive to different manifestations of CP violation. No evidence for CP asymmetry is found.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Observation of an Excited Bc+ State

Using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.5 fb-1 recorded by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of s=7, 8, and 13 TeV, the observation of an excited Bc+ state in the Bc+π+π- invariant-mass spectrum is reported. The observed peak has a mass of 6841.2±0.6(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, where the last uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the Bc+ mass. It is consistent with expectations of the Bc∗(2S31)+ state reconstructed without the low-energy photon from the Bc∗(1S31)+→Bc+γ decay following Bc∗(2S31)+→Bc∗(1S31)+π+π-. A second state is seen with a global (local) statistical significance of 2.2σ (3.2σ) and a mass of 6872.1±1.3(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, and is consistent with the Bc(2S10)+ state. These mass measurements are the most precise to date

Measurement of the relative rate of prompt χc0, χc1 and χc2 production at √s=7TeV

Prompt production of charmonium χc0, χc1 and χc2 mesons is studied using proton-proton collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=7TeV. The χc mesons are identified through their decay to J/ψγ, with J/ψ→μ+mu− using photons that converted in the detector. A data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0fb−1 collected by the LHCb detector, is used to measure the relative prompt production rate of χc1 and χc2 in the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.5 as a function of the J/ψ transverse momentum from 3 to 20 GeV/c. First evidence for χc0 meson production at a hadron collider is also presented