Coulomb-corrected quantum interference in above-threshold ionization: Working towards multi-trajectory electron holography

Using the recently developed Coulomb Quantum Orbit Strong-Field Approximation (CQSFA), we perform a systematic analysis of several features encountered in above-threshold ionization (ATI) photoelectron angle-resolved distributions (PADs), such as side lobes, and intra- and intercycle interference patterns. The latter include not only the well-known intra-cycle rings and the near-threshold fan-shaped structure, but also previously overlooked patterns. We provide a direct account of how the Coulomb potential distorts different types of interfering trajectories and changes the corresponding phase differences, and show that these patterns may be viewed as generalized holographic structures formed by up to three types of trajectories. We also derive analytical interference conditions and estimates valid in the presence or absence of the residual potential, and assess the range of validity of Coulomb-corrected interference conditions provided in the literature.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures. Some figures have been compressed in order to comply with the arXiv requirement

On the geometry of wave solutions of a delayed reaction-diffusion equation

The aim of this paper is to study the existence and the geometry of positive bounded wave solutions to a non-local delayed reaction-diffusion equation of the monostable type.Comment: 25 pages, several important modifications are made. Some references added to the previous versio

The Prominence of Artificial Intelligence in COVID-19

In December 2019, a novel virus called COVID-19 had caused an enormous number of causalities to date. The battle with the novel Coronavirus is baffling and horrifying after the Spanish Flu 2019. While the front-line doctors and medical researchers have made significant progress in controlling the spread of the highly contiguous virus, technology has also proved its significance in the battle. Moreover, Artificial Intelligence has been adopted in many medical applications to diagnose many diseases, even baffling experienced doctors. Therefore, this survey paper explores the methodologies proposed that can aid doctors and researchers in early and inexpensive methods of diagnosis of the disease. Most developing countries have difficulties carrying out tests using the conventional manner, but a significant way can be adopted with Machine and Deep Learning. On the other hand, the access to different types of medical images has motivated the researchers. As a result, a mammoth number of techniques are proposed. This paper first details the background knowledge of the conventional methods in the Artificial Intelligence domain. Following that, we gather the commonly used datasets and their use cases to date. In addition, we also show the percentage of researchers adopting Machine Learning over Deep Learning. Thus we provide a thorough analysis of this scenario. Lastly, in the research challenges, we elaborate on the problems faced in COVID-19 research, and we address the issues with our understanding to build a bright and healthy environment.Comment: 63 pages, 3 tables, 17 figure

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MAJOR VECTOR MOSQUITOES OF BANGLADESH

Mosquito-borne diseases are considered major contributors to vector-borne diseases, threatening more than eighty per cent of the global population. Pest management depends on proper identification techniques. The barcode region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene of mitochondrial DNA has recently been proposed as a systematic tool, functional in taxonomy and evolutionary study for species definition. This work is the first attempt to identify the main vector mosquito species from Bangladesh based on the MT-COI gene. Eleven vector mosquitos were identified. AT content (69%) was found to be higher than GC content (31%) at the COI barcode region of the mosquito. The interspecific genetic divergence range of medically important mosquitoes was 0.01-0.21. Haplotype analysis revealed that Mansonia annulifera diverged highly from its immediate ancestor by the highest mutational steps (59). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that species belonging to the same family were in the same major clade. Overall, our findings contribute to a better method of identifying major vector mosquito species by COI genes and for implementing management measures against mosquito pests in Bangladesh

EnAPlug – An Environmental Awareness Plug to Test Energy Management Solutions for Households

The present paper presents a new kind of Smart Plug that covers the needs of power systems R&D centers. EnAPlug, described in this paper, enables the monitor and control of loads, as a normal Smart Plug. However, it has a great benefit in comparison with a normal Smart Plug, the EnAPlug allows the integration of a variety of sensors so the user can understand the load and the surrounding environment (using a set of sensors that better fit the load). The sensors are installed in the load itself, and must have a clear fit to the load. The paper presents a demonstration of an EnAPlug used in a refrigerator for a demand response event participation, using the sensor capability to measure important values, such as, inside temperature.The present work has been developed under the EUREKA - ITEA2 Project M2MGrids (ITEA-13011), Project SIMOCE (ANI|P2020 17690), and has received funding from FEDER Funds through COMPETE program and from National Funds through FCT under the project UID/EEA/00760/2013 and SFRH/BD/109248/2015.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vashantor: A Large-scale Multilingual Benchmark Dataset for Automated Translation of Bangla Regional Dialects to Bangla Language

The Bangla linguistic variety is a fascinating mix of regional dialects that adds to the cultural diversity of the Bangla-speaking community. Despite extensive study into translating Bangla to English, English to Bangla, and Banglish to Bangla in the past, there has been a noticeable gap in translating Bangla regional dialects into standard Bangla. In this study, we set out to fill this gap by creating a collection of 32,500 sentences, encompassing Bangla, Banglish, and English, representing five regional Bangla dialects. Our aim is to translate these regional dialects into standard Bangla and detect regions accurately. To achieve this, we proposed models known as mT5 and BanglaT5 for translating regional dialects into standard Bangla. Additionally, we employed mBERT and Bangla-bert-base to determine the specific regions from where these dialects originated. Our experimental results showed the highest BLEU score of 69.06 for Mymensingh regional dialects and the lowest BLEU score of 36.75 for Chittagong regional dialects. We also observed the lowest average word error rate of 0.1548 for Mymensingh regional dialects and the highest of 0.3385 for Chittagong regional dialects. For region detection, we achieved an accuracy of 85.86% for Bangla-bert-base and 84.36% for mBERT. This is the first large-scale investigation of Bangla regional dialects to Bangla machine translation. We believe our findings will not only pave the way for future work on Bangla regional dialects to Bangla machine translation, but will also be useful in solving similar language-related challenges in low-resource language conditions

Leadership Approaches and its Impact on Follower Development and Performance

Conceptualization and defining the term leadership as theory is still difficult. To reveal the concept of leadership one common practice can be followed that is describing leaders by using established theories and researches. The current discussion explores two aspects. First, it will show how different theories and researches rise ontological challenges to construct the framework of leadership characteristic and its meaning. Second, in terms of methodological implications whether the selected theories are enough for measuring the role and importance of leadership in Sales Management. The study also determines whether the leadership model can increase sales performance for the organization. Thus the conclusion focuses on the growing importance of positive psychology of leadership concept and its implication in Sales Management

Drug-Induced Anaphylaxis Survey in Portuguese Allergy Departments

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Drug-induced anaphylaxis is an unpredictable and potentially fatal adverse drug reaction. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of drug-induced anaphylaxis in Portugal. METHODS: During a 4-year period a nationwide notification system for anaphylaxis was implemented, with voluntary reporting by allergists. Data on 313 patients with drug anaphylaxis were received and reviewed. Statistical analysis included distribution tests and multiple logistic regression analysis to investigate significance, regression coefficients, and marginal effects. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the patients was 43.8 (17.4) years, and 8.3% were younger than 18 years. The female to male ratio was 2:1.The main culprits were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (47.9% of cases), antibiotics (35.5%), and anesthetic agents (6.1%). There was a predominance of mucocutaneous symptoms (92.2%), followed by respiratory symptoms (80.4%) and cardiovascular symptoms (49.0%). Patients with NSAID-induced anaphylaxis showed a tendency towards respiratory and mucocutaneous manifestations. We found no significant associations between age, sex, or atopy and type of drug. Anaphylaxis recurrence was observed in 25.6% of cases, and the risk was higher when NSAIDs were involved. CONCLUSIONS: NSAIDs were the most common cause of anaphylaxis in this study and were also associated with a higher rate of recurrence. We stress the need for better therapeutic management and prevention of recurring episodes of drug-induced anaphylaxis