A Survey of Proteomic Biomarkers for Heterotopic Ossification in Blood Serum

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a significant problem for wounded warriors surviving high-energy blast injuries; however, currently, there is no biomarker panel capable of globally characterizing, diagnosing, and monitoring HO progression. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers for HO using proteomic techniques and blood serum. Methods: Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was used to generate a semi-quantitative global proteomics survey of serum from patients with and without heterotopic ossification. Leveraging the iTRAQ data, a targeted selection reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SRM-MS) assay was developed for 10 protein candidates: alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, alpha-2 type I collagen, collagen alpha-1(V) chain isoform 2 preprotein, bone sialoprotein 2, phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN2, osteomodulin, protein phosphatase 1J, and RRP12-like protein. Results: The proteomic survey of serum from both healthy and disease patients includes 1220 proteins and was enriched for proteins involved in the response to elevated platelet Ca+2, wound healing, and extracellular matrix organization. Proteolytic peptides from three of the ten SRM-MS proteins, osteocalcin preprotein, osteomodulin precursor, and collagen alpha-1(v) chain isoform 2 preprotein from serum, are potential clinical biomarkers for HO. Conclusions: This study is the first reported SRM-MS analysis of serum from individuals with and without heterotopic ossification, and differences in the serum proteomic profile between healthy and diseased subjects were identified. Furthermore, our results indicate that normal wound healing signals can impact the ability to identify biomarkers, and a multi-protein panel assay, including osteocalcin preproprotein, osteomodulin precursor, and collagen alpha-1(v) chain isoform 2 preprotein, may provide a solution for HO detection and monitoring

Forholdet mellom initiativ og reaktiv lederatferd i en leders hverdag.

Denne studien omhandler temaet ledelse og forholdet mellom initierende og reagerende atferd i en typisk lederhverdag hos ledere i Nordea. Målet har vært å få et dypere innblikk i hvordan en leders hverdag ser ut, samtidig som vi håpet på å avdekke funn vi kan presentere for en dypere innsikt i det abstrakte og subjektive fenomenet ledelse. Gjennom studien har vi valgt å gjøre et bevisst skille mellom fenomenet ledelse der det aktivt blir utøvd lederskap, og på posisjonsmakten som oppnås ved å formelt bli tildelt en lederrolle. Gjennom å drøfte våre funn opp mot tradisjonelle ledelsesteorier som beskriver leder som en allvitende helteskikkelse, ønsker vi å se om tradisjonelle ledelsesteorier er aktuelle i en leders hverdag. Funnene i studien har avdekket at ledere reagerer 16 ganger mer enn de initierer, og at hverdagen ofte er hendelsesstyrt. Der leder er mer reagerende enn initierende erkjenner lederen at de ansatte er autonome og selvdrevne og stoler på andres evner og dømmekraft. Dette innebærer at leder lytter mer og setter seg selv på likere linje med sine underordnede ansatte. Vi så at reagerende lederatferd er viktig for å skape god kommunikasjon og trivsel, og at initiativ ikke kreves for å skape følgerskap. Med dette anser vi at tradisjonell ledelsesteori ikke er en god beskrivelse på hvordan en leders hverdag er. Det at hverdagen er hendelsesstyrt innebærer at de tradisjonelle ledelsesteoriene har forsømt et viktig fokus på improvisasjon og på evnen til å tilpasse seg til uventede situasjoner. Et øvrig funn var at vi avkreftet trekkteoriens relevans for forholdet mellom reagerende og initierende handlinger i lederhverdagen. Med disse funnene kan det argumenteres for at ledelsesutviklings- og opplæringsprogrammer bør legge et økt fokus på å takle uventede og uoversiktlige situasjoner. Dette for å i økt grad forberede lederen på hva lederrollen innebærer i praksis

Revised National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel Pressure Injury Staging System: Revised Pressure Injury Staging System

Our understanding of pressure injury etiology and development has grown in recent years through research, clinical expertise, and global interdisciplinary expert collaboration. Therefore, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) has revised the definition and stages of pressure injury. The revision was undertaken to incorporate the current understanding of the etiology of pressure injuries, as well as to clarify the anatomical features present or absent in each stage of injury. An NPUAP-appointed Task Force reviewed the literature and created drafts of definitions, which were then reviewed by stakeholders and the public, including clinicians, educators, and researchers around the world. Using a consensus-building methodology, these revised definitions were the focus of a multidisciplinary consensus conference held in April 2016. As a result of stakeholder and public input, along with the consensus conference, important changes were made and incorporated into the new staging definitions. The revised staging system uses the term injury instead of ulcer and denotes stages using Arabic numerals rather than Roman numerals. The revised definition of a pressure injury now describes the injuries as usually occurring over a bony prominence or under a medical or other device. The revised definition of a Stage 2 pressure injury seeks to clarify the difference between moisture-associated skin damage and injury caused by pressure and/or shear. The term suspected has been removed from the Deep Tissue Pressure Injury diagnostic label. Each definition now describes the extent of tissue loss present and the anatomical features that may or may not be present in the stage of injury. These important revisions reflect the methodical and collaborative approach used to examine the available evidence and incorporate current interdisciplinary clinical expertise into better defining the important phenomenon of pressure injury etiology and development

Parametric, nonparametric and parametric modelling of a chaotic circuit time series

The determination of a differential equation underlying a measured time series is a frequently arising task in nonlinear time series analysis. In the validation of a proposed model one often faces the dilemma that it is hard to decide whether possible discrepancies between the time series and model output are caused by an inappropriate model or by bad estimates of parameters in a correct type of model, or both. We propose a combination of parametric modelling based on Bock's multiple shooting algorithm and nonparametric modelling based on optimal transformations as a strategy to test proposed models and if rejected suggest and test new ones. We exemplify this strategy on an experimental time series from a chaotic circuit where we obtain an extremely accurate reconstruction of the observed attractor.Comment: 19 pages, 8 Fig

Controlling Shareholders，Dividend Policy and Investor Protection ——Case Study on XiShui Strong Year

随着公司治理相关研究的发展，控制性股东与中小股东之间的利益冲突成为上市公司的主要代理问题。在存在控制性股东的情况下，尤其是在法律保护不完善的环境中，如何保护中小投资者的利益成为社会各界关注的焦点。股利发放原本一直被视为减少代理成本、保护外部投资者利益的一种重要方式，然而在特定的制度背景下，股利也可能成为控制性股东侵害中小股东利益的工具。在投资者权益保护不完善，大股东控制上市公司时，股利政策是否只能沦为大股东攫取私利的工具，控制性股东如何通过股利政策来侵害中小股东的利益，这是本文关注的问题。 本文以内蒙古西水股份有限公司为对象，研究其自上市以来的股利发放情况。论文以代理理论为基础，结合股利政策...With the development of corporate governance-related research, the interest conflicts between controlling shareholders and small, diversified shareholders become the main agency problem, especially in the imperfect legal protection environment. Therefore, how to protect investors’ rights attracts the attentions. Dividends have been paid as an important way to reduce agency costs. However, in uniqu...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院企业管理系_企业管理(含财务管理、市场营销、人力资源管理)学号：1762006115137

Position of Insurance Broker in Insurance Market

Import 22/07/2015Abstrakt Jméno studenta: Bc. Klaudia Mičová Název práce: Postavení pojišťovacího makléře na pojistném trhu Práce se zabývá postavením pojišťovacího makléře na pojistném trhu. V teoretické části je vymezena základní charakteristika zprostředkovatelské činnosti, například rozdělení pojišťovacích zprostředkovatelů podle kategorií, registr, formy odměňování atd. Pojišťovací makléř jde zde podrobně popsán od povinností až po etický kodex. V praktické části dochází ke zhodnocení postavení pojišťovacího makléře na pojistném trhu jak ze strany klienta, tak ze strany pojišťovny.This work deals with the position of an insurance broker in the insurance market. In the theoretical part is defined the basic characteristic of brokering activity, such as the division of insurance brokers by category, register, forms of remuneration etc. Insurance Broker is described in detail in terms of obligations to the Code of Ethics. The practical part assesses the status of the insurance broker in the insurance market from both sides - the client and the insurance company.119 - Katedra právavelmi dobř

Physiological processes of inflammation and edema initiated by sustained mechanical loading in subcutaneous tissues : a scoping review

Deep tissue injuries are pressure ulcers which initiate in the subcutaneous tissues and extend through a bottom-up pathway. Once deep tissue injuries are visual at skin level, serious irreversible tissue damage has already occurred. In pressure ulcer development, inflammation and edema are coupled physiological processes associated with tissue damage arising due to sustained mechanical loading. This study aimed to provide an in-depth overview of the physiological processes of inflammation and edema initiated by sustained mechanical loading in subcutaneous tissues, in the context of pressure ulceration. A scoping review was performed according to the framework by Arksey and O'Malley. The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus, and the reference lists of included studies were searched for in vivo (animal, human), and in vitro studies matching the study objectives (from inception to 28 May 2018). No restrictions for inclusion were applied for study design, setting, participants, and year of publication. A total of 12 studies were included, varying in study design, sample characteristics, amount and duration of mechanical loads that were applied, follow-up time, and assessment methods. Neutrophil infiltration and edema occur in the subcutaneous tissues nearly immediately after the application of load on soft tissues. The amount of neutrophils and edema increase in the first days after the mechanical insult and decrease once healing has been initiated and no supplementary mechanical load was applied. One study indicated that edema may extend up to the level of the dermo-epidermal junction. Further research should focus on how deep tissue inflammation and edema are reflected into unique tissue changes at skin level, and how abnormal inflammatory responses manifest (e.g. when the nervous system is not functioning normally)

Syndesome therapeutics for enhancing diabetic wound healing

Chronic wounds represent a major healthcare and economic problem worldwide. Advanced wound dressings that incorporate bioactive compounds have great potential for improving outcomes in patients with chronic wounds but significant challenges in designing treatments that are effective in long-standing, non-healing wounds. Here, we developed an optimized wound healing gel that delivers syndecan-4 proteoliposomes (“syndesomes”) with FGF-2 to enhance diabetic wound healing. In vitro studies demonstrated that syndesomes markedly increased migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts isolated from both non-diabetic and diabetic donors. In addition, syndesome treatment led to increased endocytic processing of FGF-2 that included enhanced recycling of FGF-2 to the cell surface after uptake. The optimized syndesome formulation was incorporated into an alginate wound dressing and tested in a splinted wound model in diabetic, ob/ob mice. We found that wounds treated with syndesomes and FGF-2 had markedly enhanced wound closure in comparison to wounds treated with only FGF-2. Moreover, we show that syndesomes have an immunomodulatory effect on wound macrophages, leading to a shift towards the M2 macrophage phenotype and alterations in the wound cytokine profile. Together, these studies showed that delivery of exogenous syndecan-4 is an effective method for enhancing wound healing in the long-term diabetic diseased state

Development and validation of an algorithm for laser application in wound treatment

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate an algorithm for laser wound therapy. Method: Methodological study and literature review. For the development of the algorithm, a review was performed in the Health Sciences databases of the past ten years. The algorithm evaluation was performed by 24 participants, nurses, physiotherapists, and physicians. For data analysis, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the chi-square test for independence was used. The level of significance of the statistical test was established at 5% (p<0.05). Results: The professionals’ responses regarding the facility to read the algorithm indicated: 41.70%, great; 41.70%, good; 16.70%, regular. With regard the algorithm being sufficient for supporting decisions related to wound evaluation and wound cleaning, 87.5% said yes to both questions. Regarding the participants’ opinion that the algorithm contained enough information to support their decision regarding the choice of laser parameters, 91.7% said yes. The questionnaire presented reliability using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient test (α = 0.962). Conclusion: The developed and validated algorithm showed reliability for evaluation, wound cleaning, and use of laser therapy in wounds