Evaluation of biocontrol capacity of Pseudomonas graminis CPA-7 against foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut pear and its effect on fruit volatile compounds

The application of microorganisms to control the growth of foodborne pathogens is an alternative to the use of chemical additives. In this work, Pseudomonas graminis CPA-7 was tested as a biocontrol agent against Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut pear under conditions that simulate its commercial application at 5 ± 1 °C (under a modified atmosphere and antioxidant solution). The quality of the fresh-cut fruit, including the ethanol and acetaldehyde contents and the volatile profile, was determined. After the storage period, the L. monocytogenes population was reduced by 1-log unit by the presence of CPA-7; however, CPA-7 was not found to have antagonistic activity against S. enterica. The fruit quality (total soluble solids content and titratable acidity) was not negatively affected by CPA-7. The ethanol and acetaldehyde contents increased during the shelf-life of the fruit regardless of the presence of CPA-7. Some volatile compounds were key factors for discriminating samples from the two groups (the control group and the group that was inoculated with CPA-7). Some components are common in the volatile profile of pear (methyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, and hexanal), and thus increases in their contents could enhance consumers flavour perception.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Vaccination and allergy: EAACI position paper, practical aspects

Immunization is highly effective in preventing infectious diseases and therefore an indispensable public health measure. Allergic patients deserve access to the same publicly recommended immunizations as non-allergic patients unless risks associated with vaccination outweigh the gains. Whereas the number of reported possible allergic reactions to vaccines is high, confirmed vaccine-triggered allergic reactions are rare. Anaphylaxis following vaccination is rare, affecting <1/100 000, but can occur in any patient. Some patient groups, notably those with a previous allergic reaction to a vaccine or its components, are at heightened risk of allergic reaction and require special precautions. Allergic reactions, however, may occur in patients without known risk factors and cannot be predicted by currently available tools. Unwarranted fear and uncertainty can result in incomplete vaccination coverage for children and adults with or without allergy. In addition to concerns about an allergic reaction to the vaccine itself, there is fear that routine childhood immunization may promote the development of allergic sensitization and disease. Thus, although there is no evidence that routine childhood immunization increases the risk of allergy development, such risks need to be discussed

Quality and bioaccessibility of total phenols and antioxidant activity of calçots (Allium cepa L.) stored under controlled atmosphere conditions

Calçots are the floral stems of the second-year onion (Allium cepa L.) resprouts with economic importance in Spain, where they are usually consumed roasted. The effect of two controlled atmospheres (CA) of 2.0% O2 + 3.5% CO2 (CA1), 1.0% O2 + 2.0% CO2 (CA2) and air at 1 °C for 60 d on the physicochemical, nutritional and sensory quality of calçots were studied. In addition, the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity (AA) of roasted calçots were evaluated after an in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. Both CA regimes reduced the respiration rate of the stored product without causing physiological disorders. The TPC and AA of calçots increased during storage. Storage for 60 d in CA2 resulted in the highest AA by DPPH assay, whereas calçots stored in air for 60 d showed the highest TPC and AA by FRAP assay. Calçots stored in air for 30 d and fresh harvested sample presented the highest total flavonoids values. After 30 d of storage, calçots stored in CA had a higher liking degree than calçots stored in air. The AA of digested calçots decreased drastically after in vitro GI digestion in comparison to the non-digested samples. However, TPC increased after digestion. Roasted calçots stored in CA1 for 30 d showed the highest TPC and AA retention in the intestinal phase. CA could be a postharvest strategy for the storage of calçots

Evaluation of biocontrol capacity of Pseudomonas graminis CPA-7 against foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut pear and its effect on fruit volatile compounds

The application of microorganisms to control the growth of foodborne pathogens is an alternative to the use of chemical additives. In this work, Pseudomonas graminis CPA-7 was tested as a biocontrol agent against Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut pear under conditions that simulate its commercial application at 5 ± 1 °C (under a modified atmosphere and antioxidant solution). The quality of the fresh-cut fruit, including the ethanol and acetaldehyde contents and the volatile profile, was determined. After the storage period, the L. monocytogenes population was reduced by 1-log unit by the presence of CPA-7; however, CPA-7 was not found to have antagonistic activity against S. enterica. The fruit quality (total soluble solids content and titratable acidity) was not negatively affected by CPA-7. The ethanol and acetaldehyde contents increased during the shelf-life of the fruit regardless of the presence of CPA-7. Some volatile compounds were key factors for discriminating samples from the two groups (the control group and the group that was inoculated with CPA-7). Some components are common in the volatile profile of pear (methyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, and hexanal), and thus increases in their contents could enhance consumers flavour perception