L¿EMERGENZA COME FRAME COGNITIVO E ORGANIZZATIVO NELLA RISPOSTA AL FENOMENO DELLE MIGRAZIONI FORZATE. L¿ ITALIA E IL CASO DELL¿ ¿EMERGENZA NORD AFRICA¿.

This research work starts from the case of migrants landed in Italy in 2011, during the so called Arab Springs and it looks at the way in which these arrivals have been framed as “ emergency”. The number of people (about 60 000) who reached the Italian coasts, especially from Tunisia and Lybya, was surely incredible, but it does not seem enough to speak about emergency: rather “emergency” has been the frame adopted by Italian politicians and media to define the situation. According to Goffman’s definition of frame and through a reflection on the category of emergency, this thesis look at the effects that a similar frame had in organizational terms on the Italian reception system for forced migrants both at national and local level. The case study is especially represented by the Civil Protection’s plan called "North Africa Emergency", the main reception activity of that period, in which have converged both the humanitarian and the securitarian aspects of the emergency frame

L¿EMERGENZA COME FRAME COGNITIVO E ORGANIZZATIVO NELLA RISPOSTA AL FENOMENO DELLE MIGRAZIONI FORZATE. L¿ ITALIA E IL CASO DELL¿ ¿EMERGENZA NORD AFRICA¿.

This research work starts from the case of migrants landed in Italy in 2011, during the so called Arab Springs and it looks at the way in which these arrivals have been framed as \u201c emergency\u201d. The number of people (about 60 000) who reached the Italian coasts, especially from Tunisia and Lybya, was surely incredible, but it does not seem enough to speak about emergency: rather \u201cemergency\u201d has been the frame adopted by Italian politicians and media to define the situation. According to Goffman\u2019s definition of frame and through a reflection on the category of emergency, this thesis look at the effects that a similar frame had in organizational terms on the Italian reception system for forced migrants both at national and local level. The case study is especially represented by the Civil Protection\u2019s plan called "North Africa Emergency", the main reception activity of that period, in which have converged both the humanitarian and the securitarian aspects of the emergency frame

GENETIC CHARACTERISATION OF ITALIAN CHICKEN BREEDS USING A PANEL OF TWENTY MICROSATELLITE MARKERS

Genetic relationships among four Veneto native breeds of chickens were studied on the basis of microsatellites polymorphisms. A total of 190 DNA samples (45 Robusta Lionata, 43 Robusta Maculata, 45 Ermellinata di Rovigo, 45 Pèpoi) and a commercial broiler line (12 Golden Comet) were genotyped at 20 microsatellite loci. The average number of alleles per locus was 5 and the expected heterozygosity resulted lower for the local breeds than for the commercial broiler line used as reference. The inbreeding coefficient showed a deficit of heterozygotes, highest for the Robusta Lionata breed. Nei’s standard genetic distances corrected for bias due to sampling of individuals (Da), based on allele frequencies, and Reynolds distances (DReynolds) were calculated among breeds. The Robusta Lionata and Robusta Maculata resulted very similar approving the same genetic origin. A Neighbor-Joining tree drawn from DReynolds distances clustered three groups, one including the Robusta Lionata and Robusta Maculata breeds, the second one formed by the Ermellinata di Rovigo and the Golden Comet commercial line and the third by the Pèpoi. The results showed the genetic differences occurring between the local chicken breeds

First report of Papaya ringspot virus infecting Carica papaya in Argentina

Papaya plants (Carica papaya L.) with severe leaf mosaic and deformation symptoms were observed and collected in the Formosa, Corrientes and Misiones provinces of northern Argentina. These symptoms were similar to those induced by Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-P) (Tripathi et al., 2008). Electron microscopy observations of leaf dip preparations from symptomatic papaya leaves revealed typical flexuous potyvirus particles of ca. 800×12 nm (Francki et al., 1985). Papaya leaf extracts from affected plants were mechanically inoculated on healthy papaya plants, which showed typical symptoms of the disease. The presence of the virus in symptomatic plants was tested and confirmed by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), using a specific PRSV antiserum (Agdia, Elkhart, IN). Total RNA was extracted using RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific PRSV coat protein gene primers: BoCP_Fwd 5’-TCCAAGAATGAAGCTGTGGACGCTGGTT-3’ and BoCP_Rev 5’-TYAGTTGCGCATACCCAGGAGAGAGT-3’. The RT-PCR amplicons of the expected size were purified and directly sequenced in both directions at Macrogen Inc. (Seoul, Korea). BLASTn analysis of the sequenced fragments (828 bp) (GenBank accession Nos. KX385113 to KX385116) showed 97 to 98% nucleotide sequence identity with previously reported PRSV-P isolates from Brazil (AF344642, JQ755427, JQ755424). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of PRSV in papaya plants in Argentina. Due to the devastating effects of PRSV in papaya (Tripathi et al., 2008) and the recent increase of cultivation area in northern Argentina, it becomes necessary to implement management strategies to control this disease and avoid the introduction of the virus into new production areas.Instituto de Patología VegetalFil: Cabrera Mederos, Dariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cabrera Mederos, Dariel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Dal Zotto, Angelica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Galdeano, Ernestina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Galdeano, Ernestina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Portal, O. Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; CubaFil: Giolitti, Fabian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentin

GENETIC ASPECTS OF MILK COAGULATION PROPERTIES IN DAIRY CATTLE

Authors reviewed the genetic aspects of milk coagulation ability focusing on heritability and genetic correlation values and on the breed and milk protein loci effects on rennet coagulation time and curd firmness. The review discussed milk and cheese yield production all over the world concluding that the per capita retail demand for cheese will increase with a mean annual growth rate of 0.8%. Therefore, in the future, cheese production will continue to be one of the major livestock food products around the world. The development of new payment systems for milk considering the intrinsic value for cheese making ability, could be an important opportunity for select best individual within dairy cattle breeds and to preserve, among dairy cattle breeds, those with high milk coagulation properties. Often these genetic resources, beyond their genetic value, also exercise a positive influence on sustainability of milk production in fragile environments, such as mountain areas, preserving an important cultural value (history, traditions, arts, and literature)

GENETIC ASPECTS OF MILK COAGULATION PROPERTIES IN DAIRY CATTLE

Authors reviewed the genetic aspects of milk coagulation ability focusing on heritability and genetic correlation values and on the breed and milk protein loci effects on rennet coagulation time and curd firmness. The review discussed milk and cheese yield production all over the world concluding that the per capita retail demand for cheese will increase with a mean annual growth rate of 0.8%. Therefore, in the future, cheese production will continue to be one of the major livestock food products around the world. The development of new payment systems for milk considering the intrinsic value for cheese making ability, could be an important opportunity for select best individual within dairy cattle breeds and to preserve, among dairy cattle breeds, those with high milk coagulation properties. Often these genetic resources, beyond their genetic value, also exercise a positive influence on sustainability of milk production in fragile environments, such as mountain areas, preserving an important cultural value (history, traditions, arts, and literature)

Gastrotricha: A Marine Sister for a Freshwater Puzzle

Background: Within an evolutionary framework of Gastrotricha Marinellina flagellata and Redudasys fornerise bear special interest, as they are the only Macrodasyida that inhabit freshwater ecosystems. Notwithstanding, these rare animals are poorly known; found only once (Austria and Brazil), they are currently systematised as incertae sedis. Here we report on the rediscovery of Redudasys fornerise, provide an account on morphological novelties and present a hypothesis on its phylogenetic relationship based on molecular data. Methodology/Principal Findings: Specimens were surveyed using DIC microscopy and SEM, and used to obtain the 18 S rRNA gene sequence; molecular data was analyzed cladistically in conjunction with data from 42 additional species belonging to the near complete Macrodasyida taxonomic spectrum. Morphological analysis, while providing new information on taxonomically relevant traits (adhesive tubes, protonephridia and sensorial bristles), failed to detect elements of the male system, thus stressing the parthenogenetic nature of the Brazilian species. Phylogenetic analysis, carried out with ML, MP and Bayesian approaches, yielded topologies with strong nodal support and highly congruent with each other. Among the supported groups is the previously undocumented clade showing the alliance between Redudasys fornerise and Dactylopodola agadasys; other strongly sustained clades include the densely sampled families Thaumastodermatidae and Turbanellidae and most genera. Conclusions/Significance: A reconsideration of the morphological traits of Dactylopodola agadasys in light of the new information on Redudasys fornerise makes the alliance between these two taxa very likely. As a result, we create Anandrodasys gen. nov. to contain members of the previously described D. agadasys and erect Redudasyidae fam. nov. to reflect this novel relationship between Anandrodasys and Redudasys. From an ecological perspective, the derived position of Redudasys, which is deeply nested within the Macrodasyida clade, unequivocally demonstrates that invasion of freshwater by gastrotrichs has taken place at least twice, in contrast with the single event hypothesis recently put forward

Performance of the CMS Cathode Strip Chambers with Cosmic Rays

The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47 microns to 243 microns. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns