Video didàctic per comprendre la cromatografia : utilització de la tècnica d'hplc per la determinació de canvis en la síntesi d'un neurotransmissor : la histamina

La finalitat principal del vídeo realitzat correspon a un dels objectius docents que proposàvem en el projecte que ens va ser concedit per l'AGAUR: que l'alumne es pugui acostar a tècniques sofisticades que per la seva complexitat o perillositat no poden realitzar-se en els laboratoris de docència. També com a segon objectiu, pretenem que l'alumne comprengui millor conceptes que s'expliquen a teoria. En la situació actual, els alumnes de primer curs de medicina realitzen pràctiques de laboratori en que apliquen la cromatografia en capa fina per la separació de molècules i l'anàlisi qualitatiu de la seva presència en mostres tissulars. Malgrat que els principis teòrics són bàsicament els mateixos, és impossible en la pràctica realitzar cromatografies d'alta resolució (HPLC) que són comunament utilitzades per la quantificació de molècules diverses, no només en la recerca bàsica sinó en el laboratori clínic. Per altra banda, els alumnes de tercer i quart curs de la llicenciatura de bioquímica coneixen les bases teòriques de l'HPLC però tampoc en els laboratoris de pràctiques pot realitzar-se cromatografies d'alta resolució degut al grau de complexitat i despesa que comporten

Emotional education in people with functional diversity.

The objective of this text is to explore and make visible the relevance of emotionaleducation in students, as well as its repercussions. This importance is related to theobjective of achieving a comprehensive education of students in all its facets, so thatthey can cope with emotionally complex situations that arise in their lives. In addition,emotional education becomes more important in relation to people with functionaldiversity, because they have to face emotionally complex situations, which they haveto overcome, and where emotional education provides them with a series of tools thatmake possible different techniques to be able to face such situations in an adequateway. The results provided derive from an analysis of different research on emotionaleducation, where it is appreciated that the techniques on which emotional educationshould be based are aimed at achieving emotional balance, improving the level ofhealth, motivation of students, etc.El objetivo de este texto es explorar y visibilizar la relevancia de la educaciónemocional en el alumnado, así como sus repercusiones. Esta importancia serelaciona con el objetivo de lograr una educación integral del alumnado en todas susfacetas, de manera que pueda hacer frente a situaciones emocionalmente complejasque se les presenten en su vida. Además, la educación emocional cobra másimportancia en relación a las personas con diversidad funcional, debido a que debenhacer frente a situaciones emocionalmente complejas, las cuales han de superar, ydonde la educación emocional les aporta una serie de herramientas que le posibilitandiferentes técnicas para poder hacer frente a dichas situaciones de maneraadecuada. Los resultados aportados derivan de un análisis de diferentesinvestigaciones en torno a la educación emocional, donde se aprecian que lastécnicas sobre las que se debe basar la educación emocional van encaminadas a lograr un equilibrio emocional, mejorar el nivel de salud, motivación del alumnado,etc

El consentimiento en las licencias de uso de software

Contracts for software license are those which allow software users to use the computer program respecting copyright protected by the license. These contracts due to mass distribution are contracts of adhesion, so the clauses are preset by the licensor and accepted by the licensee. This type of contract generates inequality between parts, so proponents unfairly take advantage of this situation to place abusive clauses within the contracts, as in some software license contracts in which abusive assumptions are established in order to generate user’s acceptance. To avoid this abuse, the doctrine and case law has determined that the duty of information must be accomplished prior the licensor consents. The most used software licenses are the shrink-wrap, browse-wrap and click-wrap Agreements. The first type of license, shrink-wrap, is totally unfair for the user, in which there is no acceptance due the access to the T & C becomes assumption of contractual agreement, which avoids the prior knowledge of the contract. In browse-wrap agreement its validity is in limbo, as far as it can or cannot be access to the T & C at which consent shall be subject to prior access to the presumptive acceptance specified in the contract. Finally the click-wrap Agreements are fully valid as the access to software is conditioned to prior acceptance of the T & C already known by the user.Los contratos de licencia de uso de software, son aquellos por los cuales los usuarios de software pueden utilizar el programa de ordenador respetando los derechos de autor protegidos por la licencia. Estos contratos debido a su distribución masiva son contratos de adhesión, por lo cual sus cláusulas son prestablecidas por el licenciante y aceptadas por el licenciatario. Este tipo de contratación genera desigualdad entre los contratantes, por lo cual los proponentes aprovechan esta situación para colocar cláusulas abusivas dentro de los contratos, como sucede en algunos contratos de licencia de software donde las cláusulas generan presunciones abusivas para la aceptación del usuario. Para evitar esto, la doctrina y la jurisprudencia condicionan el consentimiento contractual al cumplimiento del deber de información previo por parte del licenciante. Las principales licencias de software son los shrink-wrap, browse-wrap y click-wrap agreements. El primer tipo de licencia, shrink-wrap, es totalmente abusivo por lo cual no hay aceptación ya que el acceso a los T&C es presunción de aceptación contractual, lo cual evita el conocimiento previo del contrato. En browse-wrap agreement se encuentra en un limbo de validez, en cuanto puede como no haber un acceso a los T&C por lo cual el consentimiento estará condicionado al acceso previo a la aceptación presuntiva establecida en el contrato. Por último los click-wrap agreements son plenamente válidos en cuanto condicionan el acceso al software a una aceptación previa de los T&C ya conocidos por el usuario

Development of carbon fiber acrylonitrile styrene acrylate composite for large format additive manufacturing

The increasing interest of Large Format Additive Manufacturing (LFAM) technologies in various industrial sectors mainly lies on the attainable production of pieces reaching several cubic meters. These new technologies require the development of optimized materials with two-folded capabilities, able to satisfy functional in-service requirements but also showing a proper printability. Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA) is among the most interesting thermoplastic materials to be implemented in a LFAM device due to its excellent wettability and mechanical properties. This research focuses on the development and characterization of ASA and carbon fiber (CF) ASA composites suitable for LFAM. The rheological, thermal and mechanical properties of neat ASA and ASA containing 20 wt% CF are addressed. The results evidence the higher performance of the CF loaded composite compared to the raw ASA polymer (i.e., the 20 wt% CF composite shows a 350% increase in flexural Young's Modulus and a 500% increment in thermal conductivity compared with neat ASA). Additionally, both materials were successfully printed along perpendicular directions (X and Z), showing the maximum tensile strain for the composite printed along the X orientation as was expected. The results of the flexural tests are comparable or slightly higher than those of injected parts. Finally, the fracture surface was analysed, identifying different types of porosity

Ocular chemical burns in the workplace: epidemiological characteristics of a Spanish cohort.

Background Epidemiological studies focusing on occupational pathologies can be an important medium through which to bring about change with respect to workplace accidents, both in terms of prevention planning and management as well as the appropriate care following an accident. Ocular chemical burns benefit from urgent attention as, if not treated early and appropriately, the tissue of the eye and its functionality can be seriously compromised. The objective of this study was to collate epidemiological data on workplace ocular chemical burns which could in turn serve to identify key action points in terms of occupational health. Methods Cohort study with 604 cases of chemical burns to the eye occurring in the workplace between 2014 and 2015. Criteria inclusion were diagnosis of chemical burn, patient seen at the medical centre of the mutual society, workplace acquired ophthalmic pathology leading to the issuing of a sickness certificate. No exclusion criteria were defined. Results Ocular chemical burns were the second most common workplace eye injury (12.68%) behind foreign bodies in the eye (43.42%). Men accounted for 68.54% of cases of ocular chemical burns. In around 75% of cases, sickness certification was for less than 7 days, although 6 patients suffered permanent disability. The occupational sector which was most affected particularly the industry service industry. The economic costs with these workplace injuries were extracted. Conclusions Appropriate early medical assistance is essential. The production and distribution of clinical guides for health care workers could optimise first line assistance and mitigate possible training deficiencies.pre-print169 K

Manejo sustentable del sitio en proyectos de arquitectura; criterios y estrategias de diseño

El presente trabajo consta del estudio y revisión de estrategias de diseño sustentable para el manejo del sitio de proyectos de arquitectura y de cómo podemos aprovechar de una mejor manera el entorno para beneficiar tanto al proyecto arquitectónico como al contexto urbano. El trabajo consta particularmente de recomendaciones de diseño arquitectónico sustentable para hacer una mejor selección y planeación del sitio, así como una mejor orientación y ubicación del edificio en el sitio; también se proponen conceptos generales para el manejo y cuidado del paisaje del sitio del proyecto, respetando los recursos naturales del lugar como aprovechamiento de agua, energía, disminución de islas de calor, aprovechamiento de materiales de construcción y aprovechamiento de los recursos bióticos y abióticos del lugar.El presente trabajo consta del estudio y revisión de estrategias de diseño sustentable para el manejo del sitio de proyectos de arquitectura y de cómo podemos aprovechar de una mejor manera el entorno para beneficiar tanto al proyecto arquitectónico como al contexto urbano. El trabajo consta particularmente de recomendaciones de diseño arquitectónico sustentable para hacer una mejor selección y planeación del sitio, así como una mejor orientación y ubicación del edificio en el sitio; también se proponen conceptos generales para el manejo y cuidado del paisaje del sitio del proyecto, respetando los recursos naturales del lugar como aprovechamiento de agua, energía, disminución de islas de calor, aprovechamiento de materiales de construcción y aprovechamiento de los recursos bióticos y abióticos del lugar

Towards an Extensible Architecture and Tool Support for Model-based Verification.

Model-based software engineering (MBSE) brings models to the center of software and system design. Models are powerful abstractions used to support all phases of the software development life cycle of complex software. As these models grow larger and their complexity increases, they need to be verified and validated to preserve their correctness. One possible way to do so is by means of the use of formal methods. However, the availability of MBSE tools with support for validation and verification is limited, and they usually require the cumbersome deployment of software burdened by dependencies, preventing the adoption of these tools. This paper presents a web-based architecture designed to support the definition of domain models and provide translation capabilities to different verification formalisms. As a proof of concept for our architecture, we have developed a tool prototype that is light-weight, runs in the browser and supports: (i) definition of domain models represented as class diagrams and (ii) partial translation of class diagrams into the Alloy specification language, enabling verification of structural domain properties. We show how we have used this tool to verify properties for the public bus management system in the city of Málaga, Spain.This work was partially funded by Universidad de Málaga (Campus Internacional de Excelencia), and the Spanish Government under projects PID2021-125527NB-I00 and TED2021-130523B-I00. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Orexin-Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor Heteromers in the Ventral Tegmental Area as Targets for Cocaine

Release of the neuropeptides corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and orexin-A in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play an important role in stress-induced cocaine-seeking behavior. We provide evidence for pharmacologically significant interactions between CRF and orexin-A that depend on oligomerization of CRF1 receptor (CRF1R) and orexin OX1 receptors (OX1R). CRF1R–OX1R heteromers are the conduits of a negative crosstalk between orexin-A and CRF as demonstrated in transfected cells and rat VTA, in which they significantly modulate dendritic dopamine release. The cocaine target σ1 receptor (σ1R) also associates with the CRF1R–OX1R heteromer. Cocaine binding to the σ1R–CRF1R–OX1R complex promotes a long-term disruption of the orexin-A–CRF negative crosstalk. Through this mechanism, cocaine sensitizes VTA cells to the excitatory effects of both CRF and orexin-A, thus providing a mechanism by which stress induces cocaine seeking

Mujeres arquitectas en revistas profesionales españolas, 1965-2000. Tradición patriarcal, espacios de aparición y resistencia al liderazgo femenino

This article analyses the representation that the architectural designs done by Spanish women architects have had in professionalarchitectural journals of this country. The study analyses 19 jour- nals of the different Official Associations of Architects. The text offers quantitative and qualitative data that allows detecting the patriarchal tradition of these media, the spaces of appearance in which women have had greater recognition and the resistance of these media to show female leadership, mainly due to the lack of continuity in their publications, and the benevolent sexism of the media. Likewise, the article explores exclusively female authorship with a double objective: to recover female referents, and to detect whether the areas of specialization that are mostly published respond to gender stereotypes.Este artículo analiza la representación que los trabajos de arquitectura realizados por mujeres arquitectas españolas han tenido en revistas profesionales de este país. Se analizan 19 revistas de arquitectura de los diferentes Colegios Oficiales de Arquitectos. El texto ofrecedatos cuantitativos y cualitativos que permiten detectar la tradición patriarcal de estos medios, los espacios de aparición en los que las mujereshan tenido mayor reconocimiento y la resistencia a mostrar el liderazgo femenino, principalmente debido a la falta de continuidad en lapublicaciones de proyectos de autoría femenina y al sexismo benevolente de estos medios. Asimismo, el artículo explora la autoría exclusivamente femenina con un doble objetivo: recuperar referentes femeninos y detectar si los ámbitos de espe- cialización mayoritariamente publicados responden a estereotipos de género

Effects of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A Genotypes on the Ergogenic Response to Caffeine in Professional Handball Players.

Previous investigations have found that several genes may be associated with the interindividual variability to the ergogenic response to caffeine. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the genetic variations in CYP1A2 (−163C  > A, rs762551; characterized such as “fast” (AA genotype) and “slow” caffeine metabolizers (C-carriers)) and ADORA2A (1976T  > C; rs5751876; characterized by “high” (TT genotype) or “low” sensitivity to caffeine (C-carriers)) on the ergogenic response to acute caffeine intake in professional handball players. Thirty-one professional handball players (sixteen men and fifteen women; daily caffeine intake = 60 ± 25 mg·d−1) ingested 3 mg·kg−1·body mass (bm) of caffeine or placebo 60 min before undergoing a battery of performance tests consisting of a countermovement jump (CMJ), a sprint test, an agility test, an isometric handgrip test, and several ball throws. Afterwards, the handball players performed a simulated handball match (2 × 20 min) while movements were recorded using inertial units. Saliva samples were analyzed to determine the genotype of each player for the −163C  > A polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene (rs762551) and for the 1976T  > C polymorphism in the ADORA2A gene (rs5751876). In the CYP1A2, C-allele carriers (54.8%) were compared to AA homozygotes (45.2%). In the ADORA2A, C-allele carriers (80.6%) were compared to TT homozygotes (19.4%). There was only a genotype x treatment interaction for the ball throwing from 7 m (p = 0.037) indicating that the ergogenic effect of caffeine on this test was higher in CYP1A2 AA homozygotes than in C-allele carriers. In the remaining variables, there were no genotype x treatment interactions for CYP1A2 or for ADORA2A. As a whole group, caffeine increased CMJ height, performance in the sprint velocity test, and ball throwing velocity from 9 m (2.8–4.3%, p = 0.001–0.022, effect size = 0.17–0.31). Thus, pre-exercise caffeine supplementation at a dose of 3 mg·kg−1·bm can be considered as an ergogenic strategy to enhance some neuromuscular aspects of handball performance in professional handball players with low daily caffeine consumption. However, the ergogenic response to acute caffeine intake was not modulated by CYP1A2 or ADORA2A genotypes.post-print617 K