Yadin 16 e forme di appartenenza nell'archivio di Babatha

Yadin 16 is one of the best preserved papyri in the Babatha Archive, representing a particularly significant source, rich in information regarding the situation of the eastern provinces at the time of Hadrian. In the contribution some passages have been considered which, albeit in a mediated way, can contribute to the understanding of the phenomena concerning the forms of belonging. Thus, not only does Yadin 16 find the synthesis made by the Gaian institutions on the matter, but also attests to a dynamism in the attitude of the various institutes that outline a living law where Roman juridical experience prevails, not only by virtue of a supremacy politics, but also because its schemes know a flexibility that allows them to be applied to the most diverse realities, merging, where necessary, elements from different cultures

καὶ εἴ τι λόγον ἔχις πρὸς ἐμὲ παρεδρεύιν. I papiri Yadin e il processo romano nelle province orientali (II sec. d.C.)

The article stands as the continuation of studies undertaken on the Babatha Archive, in particular on the Yadin papyri containing judicial documents. From their examination the possible application of the Roman process emerges, assuming moreover that they could be formular procedures. Therefore, the agere per formulas would have known a vitality that goes far beyond what has been believed up to now, confirming the predominance, due to its evolved legal mechanisms, of Roman law also in the Hellenized East

Pater patriae e maiestas: un possibile nuovo modello normativo

The paper examines the concepts of pater patriae and maiestas, as new models of normative schemes. The survey, part of a larger study, aims to express the first impressions of the change we are witnessing between the end of the Republic and the beginning of the ‘Principato’. From a juridical point of view, the first historical period was influenced by dictatorships that alternated and also marked a new modus agendi, introducing rhetorical concepts and categories in the legislation, read differently, centered on the personalization of power. Contrary to what may appear, the emperors of the first phase of the principality, in many ways, sought to orient these concepts in a less personal ideological context. In any case, prudentes seem to bring the crimina born from such mechanisms, in particular, laesa maiestas, in the wake of typicality, as technical as possible, limiting the scope of its application. The severians are the last jurists to put themselves in dialectical ways, through law, with the central power. Subsequently, as soon as this confrontation ceases, the attempts to bring back these concepts, especially the maiestas, within the framework of the stricti iuris ratio will ceas

SubHaloes going Notts: The SubHalo-Finder Comparison Project

We present a detailed comparison of the substructure properties of a single Milky Way sized dark matter halo from the Aquarius suite at five different resolutions, as identified by a variety of different (sub-)halo finders for simulations of cosmic structure formation. These finders span a wide range of techniques and methodologies to extract and quantify substructures within a larger non-homogeneous background density (e.g. a host halo). This includes real-space, phase-space, velocity-space and time- space based finders, as well as finders employing a Voronoi tessellation, friends-of-friends techniques, or refined meshes as the starting point for locating substructure.A common post-processing pipeline was used to uniformly analyse the particle lists provided by each finder. We extract quantitative and comparable measures for the subhaloes, primarily focusing on mass and the peak of the rotation curve for this particular study. We find that all of the finders agree extremely well on the presence and location of substructure and even for properties relating to the inner part part of the subhalo (e.g. the maximum value of the rotation curve). For properties that rely on particles near the outer edge of the subhalo the agreement is at around the 20 per cent level. We find that basic properties (mass, maximum circular velocity) of a subhalo can be reliably recovered if the subhalo contains more than 100 particles although its presence can be reliably inferred for a lower particle number limit of 20. We finally note that the logarithmic slope of the subhalo cumulative number count is remarkably consistent and <1 for all the finders that reached high resolution. If correct, this would indicate that the larger and more massive, respectively, substructures are the most dynamically interesting and that higher levels of the (sub-)subhalo hierarchy become progressively less important.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for MNRA

The Milky Way's bright satellites as an apparent failure of LCDM

We use the Aquarius simulations to show that the most massive subhalos in galaxy-mass dark matter halos in LCDM are grossly inconsistent with the dynamics of the brightest Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies. While the best-fitting hosts of the dwarf spheroidals all have 12 < Vmax < 25 km/s, LCDM simulations predict at least ten subhalos with Vmax > 25 km/s. These subhalos are also among the most massive at earlier times, and significantly exceed the UV suppression mass back to z ~ 10. No LCDM-based model of the satellite population of the Milky Way explains this result. The problem lies in the satellites' densities: it is straightforward to match the observed Milky Way luminosity function, but doing so requires the dwarf spheroidals to have dark matter halos that are a factor of ~5 more massive than is observed. Independent of the difficulty in explaining the absence of these dense, massive subhalos, there is a basic tension between the derived properties of the bright Milky Way dwarf spheroidals and LCDM expectations. The inferred infall masses of these galaxies are all approximately equal and are much lower than standard LCDM predictions for systems with their luminosities. Consequently, their implied star formation efficiencies span over two orders of magnitude, from 0.2% to 20% of baryons converted into stars, in stark contrast with expectations gleaned from more massive galaxies. We explore possible solutions to these problems within the context of LCDM and find them to be unconvincing. In particular, we use controlled simulations to demonstrate that the small stellar masses of the bright dwarf spheroidals make supernova feedback an unlikely explanation for their low inferred densities.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures; matches version published in MNRA