The true identity of the new world iguanid lizard liolaemus chillanensis Müller and Hellmich 1932 (Iguania: Liolaemidae) and description of a new species in the liolaemus elongatus group

Liolaemus is a particularly species-rich radiation of New World iguanid lizards from southern South America. Thanks to intense systematic and taxonomic research, the knowledge on its species-level diversity has increased rapidly over the past several years. The L. elongatus species-complex has received considerable attention and a remarkable case is Liolaemus chillanensis, a name that has been used for two different species that are sympatric in Termas de Chillán, central Chile. Since the holotype is lost, we propose that the first step to identify the true L. chillanensis is through the analysis of the original description. Then we provide a morphological and molecular characterization of L. chillanensis based on topotypes and a description of the taxon previously confused with it.Fil: Troncoso Palacios, Jaime. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Esquerré, Damien. The Australian National University; AustraliaFil: Urra, Félix A.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Díaz, Hugo A.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Castro Pastene, Carlos. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Ruiz, Maria Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentin

Scale adaptive simulation of unsteady cavitation flow around a plane convex hydrofoil with a semi-cylindrical obstacle

The present study focuses on the numerical simulation of unsteady cavitating flow around a plane-convex hydrofoil with a semi-cylindrical obstacle, which is based on the cavitationerosion experiment perform at LMH-EPFL using the vortex cavitation generator tunnel. The turbulence model k-¿ SST SAS method, which presents advantages in terms of computational consumption and reproduction of the phenomenon, has been applied in OpenFOAM version 4 to reproduce the unsteady behavior of cavitating flow. Additionally, the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri (ZGB) cavitation model has been applied, based on a previous work where this model was implemented in OpenFOAM. The model is based on Rayleigh Plesset equation, which considers small cavities with changes of void fraction for condensation and vaporization and using empirical calibration numbers based on previous research. Regarding the mesh development, the present work explores two configurations of grid mesh containing hexahedra (hex) and split-hexahedra (split-hex) automatically generated from triangulated surface geometries based on previous numerical studies. The aforementioned method aims to optimize computational demand and phenomenon reproducibility. Results show that the unsteady cavitating flows behavior has been reproduced with good accuracy and shows special details which are important for erosion studies in futures works.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

La violencia ocupa un lugar en el trabajo

Silenciosa y progresivamente la violencia sicológica puede ocupar su puesto de trabajo sin que siquiera la haya notado. Estudios recientes muestran que, como resultado de las transformaciones globales del mundo del trabajo en términos de productividad, se están incrementando ese tipo de fenómenos. Juan Alberto Castillo Martínez, PhD e investigador del Grupo de Investigación Salud, Cognición y Trabajo de la Facultad de Rehabilitación y Desarrollo Humano de la Universidad del Rosario, explicó que esos estudios evidencian que la línea que define la noción de “violencia en el trabajo” es bastante difusa y depende de un sinnúmero de factores, tales como la cultura local, la organizacional y la apreciación colectiva de ciertos comportamientos. ¿Qué significa, entonces, un acto violento de trabajo en el marco de los sistemas de producción colombiano? Pensar el significado del acto violento en una cultura marcada por varias generaciones de trabajadores expuestos a violencias de diverso orden (social, cultural, familiar, política) hace difícil identificar, controlar y manejar el fenómeno. En el estudio desarrollado por el Grupo de Investigación GiSCYT sobre ”Los Riesgos Sicológicos y Sociales en el Trabajo”, 2006-2007, los investigadores advierten también a cerca de la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la tolerancia a la violencia, y tener en cuenta que la definición de violencia varía ampliamente en función de la época y el momento histórico en que los actos violentos se producen. En el ámbito familiar, por ejemplo, se consideraba en el pasado que ejercer la autoridad de los padres o de los maestros pasaba por la agresión física directa a los niños. Hoy en día, la sociedad considera ésto como una expresión de brutalidad. En el campo del trabajo, las formas diversas de violencia han sido objeto de controversia legal, política y de expertos en ciencias de la salud, a tal punto que hoy el reconocimiento e identificación de dichos actos en el mundo laboral es difícil y, a veces, imposible. Recientemente en Colombia y en diversos países del mundo, se han desarrollado normas que tratan de limitar la producción de fenómenos que involucran el ejercicio del poder sobre otros (estrés, acoso, presión). Sin embargo, hacer evidente la génesis y el desarrollo de estos fenómenos tiene un alto costo social y organizacional

Impaired insulin signaling pathway in ovarian follicles of cows with cystic ovarian disease

Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is an important cause of infertility in dairy cattle. Follicular cell steroidogenesis and proliferation in ovulatory follicles is stimulated by hormones such as insulin and its necessary post-receptor response. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of insulin receptor (IR), IR substrate-1 (IRS1) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), key intermediates in the insulin pathway, in control cows and cows with spontaneous COD and ACTH-induced COD. IR and IRS1 mRNA levels were greater in granulosa cells and lower in follicular cysts than in control tertiary follicles. PI3K mRNA levels were similar in all follicles evaluated, whereas the expression of IR, IRS1 and PI3K was similar in theca cells. Protein expression of IR was higher in control tertiary follicles than in the same structures in animals with COD and with cysts. IRS1 and PI3K protein expression showed the same pattern in tertiary and cystic follicles. However, the protein expression of subunit alpha p85 of PI3K was greater in theca cells from tertiary follicles than in cystic follicles. These results provide new insights into the insulin response in cows with COD. The lower gene and protein expressions of some insulin downstream effectors at an early stage of the signaling pathway could negatively influence the functionality of ovaries and contribute to follicle persistence.Fil: Hein, Gustavo Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Panzani, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Fernanda Mariel. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Salvetti, Natalia Raquel. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, Pablo Uriel. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Gareis, Natalia Carolina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Benitez, G. A.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Ortega, Hugo Hector. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Rey, Florencia. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; Argentin

Observation of the B0 →ρ0ρ0 decay from an amplitude analysis of B0 → (π+π-) (π+π-) decays

Proton-proton collision data recorded in 2011 and 2012 by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 , are analysed to search for the charmless B0 → ρ 0ρ 0 decay. More than 600 B0 → (π +π −)(π +π −) signal decays are selected and used to perform an amplitude analysis, under the assumption of no CP violation in the decay, from which the B0 → ρ 0ρ 0 decay is observed for the first time with 7.1 standard deviations significance. The fraction of B0 → ρ 0ρ 0 decays yielding a longitudinally polarised final state is measured to be fL = 0.745+0.048 −0.058(stat) ± 0.034(syst). The B0 → ρ 0ρ 0 branching fraction, using the B0 → φK∗ (892)0 decay as reference, is also reported as B(B0 → ρ 0ρ 0 ) = (0.94 ± 0.17(stat) ± 0.09(syst) ± 0.06(BF)) × 10−6

Persistence of Toxic Activity of Fermentation Extracts from Bacillus thuringiensis

This study was carried out to determine the persistence of toxicity of fermentation extracts of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis after more than three decades of storage. For this purpose, a population of Aedes aegypti was established. The mortality rate of 20 spore-crystal extracts purified using the acetone-lactose coprecipitation method was measured and evaluated by bioassays according to a modified WHO protocol. The extracts with the highest mortality rate were determined in triplicate by their LD50 and LD98. All extracts showed toxicity at the highest tested dose (1000 ppm) and some, such as strains 3260 and 3501, still killed larvae at doses as low as 0.01 ppm. These data are surprising because no study on the activity of B. thuringiensis toxic proteins after such a long storage time has been reported

Correction: Muñoz-Fernández et al. A new ultrasound-guided percutaneous electrolysis and exercise treatment in patellar tendinopathy: three case reports. Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark. 2021; 26: 1166–1175

n/

Searches for Λ0b and Ξ0b decays to K0Spπ− and K0SpK− final states with first observation of the Λ0b→K0Spπ− decay

A search for previously unobserved decays of beauty baryons to the final states K0 S pπ− and K0 S pK− is reported. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions. The Λ 0 b → K0pπ− decay is observed with a significance of 8.6 σ, with branching fraction B(Λ 0 b → K0 pπ−) = (1.26 ± 0.19 ± 0.09 ± 0.34 ± 0.05) × 10−5 , where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, from the ratio of fragmentation fractions fΛ0 b /fd, and from the branching fraction of the B0→ K0π +π − normalisation channel, respectively. A first measurement is made of the CP asymmetry, giving ACP (Λ 0 b → K0 pπ−) = 0.22 ± 0.13 (stat) ± 0.03 (syst). No significant signals are seen for Λ 0 b → K0 S pK− decays, Ξ0 b decays to both the K0 S pπ− and K0 S pK− final states, and the Λ 0 b → D− s (→ K0 SK−)p decay, and upper limits on their branching fractions are reported

A new ultrasound-guided percutaneous electrolysis and exercise treatment in patellar tendinopathy: three case reports.

Purpose: To present preliminary clinical results of the effects of a new treatment with percutaneous electrolysis directed to peripheral tendon and therapeutic resistance exercise, with or without the presence of degenerative zone. Methods: 3 patients with patellar tendinopathy aged 37-45 years with diagnostic of patellar tendinopathy with pain since 5-8 weeks were treated with a novel, less invasive electrolysis technique. Pain severity was measured by Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Lower limb functionality was measured by a Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment questionnaire (VISA-P). A clinical interview and ultrasonography assesment were performed before study protocol were carried out. Each participants received 4 to 7 sessions of percutaneous electrolysis (350 μA, 80 s) leaving at least one week between sessions during a total of 8 weeks. During this time, subjects also were undergone a therapeutic exercise protocol of lower limbs resistance training. Results: Pain severity decreased after 3 weeks treatment (p = 0.01) and was practically abolished after 4-7 sessions at 8 weeks (p = 0.2). The lower limb functionality (VISA-P) increased after 3 weeks treatment and the major difference was found at 8 weeks post-intervention (p = 0.001). Thickness of the patellar tendon decreased after 8 weeks treatment (p = 0.01). Conclusions: The present work provides the first evidence that percutaneous electrolysis with a least invasive physiotherapy treatment targeted to peripheral tendon in combination with therapeutic resistance exercise diminished pain, improved funcitonality and showed a tendency to decreased thickness in subjects with patelallar tendinopathy

Two new Liolaemus lizards from the Andean highlands of Southern Chile (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemidae)

Indexación: Web of Science; Scopus; Scielo.Liolaemus is a diverse genus of lizards, subdivided into two subgenera: Liolaemus (sensu stricto) and Eulaemus, distributed mainly in Chile and Argentina. The L. elongatus-kriegi complex is the most diverse group within Liolaemus (sensu stricto), especially the species closely related to L. elongatus, which form a clade currently comprising nine species. Several Chilean species of this group have been recently described, mainly from volcanoes and poorly explored mountains. Here molecular and morphological evidence are provided for a new species of the L. elongatus clade, which is characterized by its small size and lack of dorsal pattern, unusual features for the species of this group of lizards. Additionally, the lack of precloacal pores in males of Liolaemus (sensu stricto) is a trait found in few species, which do not constitute a monophyletic group. A second new southern Chilean species is also described, without precloacal pores and supported by molecular phylogenetics to be related to Liolaemus villaricensis. Both new species were found in the same locality, near a lake located in a pre-Andean zone with Araucaria and Nothofagus forest. The two species are dedicated to prominent Lonkos (tribal chiefs) of the Mapuche and Pehuenche people: Janequeo and Leftraru. Additionally, the phylogenetic results suggest that L. lonquimayensis is a synonym of L. elongatus.http://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=952