Luminosity measurement method for the LHC: The detector requirements studies

Absolute normalisation of the LHC measurements with a precision of O(1%) is desirable but beyond the reach of the present LHC detectors. This series of papers proposes and evaluates a measurement method capable to achieve such a precision target. In our earlier paper we have selected the phase-space region where the lepton pair production cross section in pp collisions at the LHC can be controlled with < 1 % precision and is large enough to reach a comparable statistical accuracy of the absolute luminosity measurement on the day-by-day basis. In the present one the performance requirements for a dedicated detector, indispensable to efficiently select events in the proposed phase-space region, are discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 13 figure

Luminosity Measurement Method for the LHC: Event Selection and Absolute Luminosity Determination

Absolute normalisation of the LHC measurements with O(1%) precision and their relative normalisation, for the data collected at variable centre-of-mass energies, or for variable beam particle species, with O(0.1%) precision is crucial for the LHC experimental programme but presently beyond the reach for the general purpose LHC detectors. This paper is the third in the series of papers presenting the measurement method capable to achieve such a goal.Comment: 31 pages, 15 figure

Performance Studies of Prototype II for the CASTOR forward Calorimeter at the CMS Experiment

We present results of the performance of the second prototype of the CASTOR quartz-tungsten sampling calorimeter, to be installed in the very forward region of the CMS experiment at the LHC. The energy linearity and resolution, as well as the spatial resolution of the prototype to electromagnetic and hadronic showers are studied with E=20-200 GeV electrons, E=20-350 GeV pions, and E=50,150 GeV muons from beam tests carried out at CERN/SPS in 2004. The responses of the calorimeter using two different types of photodetectors (avalanche photodiodes APDs, and photomultiplier tubes PMTs) are compared.Comment: 16 pages, 22 figs., submitted to EPJ-

First performance studies of a prototype for the CASTOR forward calorimeter at the CMS experiment

We present results on the performance of the first prototype of the CASTOR quartz-tungsten sampling calorimeter, to be installed in the very forward region of the CMS experiment at the LHC. This study includes GEANT Monte Carlo simulations of the Cherenkov light transmission efficiency of different types of air-core light guides, as well as analysis of the calorimeter linearity and resolution as a function of energy and impact-point, obtained with 20-200 GeV electron beams from CERN/SPS tests in 2003. Several configurations of the calorimeter have been tested and compared, including different combinations of (i) structures for the active material of the calorimeter (quartz plates and fibres), (ii) various light-guide reflecting materials (glass and foil reflectors) and (iii) photodetector devices (photomultipliers and avalanche photodiodes)

A Purity Monitoring System for the H1 Liquid Argon Calorimeter

The ionization probes used for monitoring the liquid argon purity in the H1 calorimeter are described and results of their operation in tests at CERN and during the period 1992 to the end of 1998 at HERA are given. The high sensitivity of the charge measurements leads to refined charge collection models, and to the observation of a variation of the ionization yield of our electron sources with temperature.Comment: 26 pages, 14 figure

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

Automation of the applications building and testing processes based on JavaScript language

Niniejsza praca ma na celu zbadanie możliwości automatyzacji najczęściej powtarzanych czynności przez administratorów systemów i zespoły deweloperskie.Automatyzacja ta dotyczy procesów tworzenia środowisk programistycznych, integracji kodu oraz dostarczania wersji aplikacji. Badania zostały przeprowadzone dla aplikacji stworzonych w środowisku programistycznym Node.js.W pracy opisana została historia, zalety oraz dobre praktyki języka JavaScript. Ponadto przedstawia narzędzia za pomocą których można zapewnić wysoką jakość oprogramowania.Przeanalizowane zostały także narzędzia do wirtualizacji środowisk i kontenerów systemu Linux pod względem ich funkcjonalności oraz zastosowania.Wynikiem pracy jest scalenie automatycznego tworzenia wirtualnych środowisk oraz konfiguracji serwera ciągłej integracji w taki sposób, aby przeprowadzał testy oraz dostarczał aktualne wersje aplikacji.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the possibilities of automating frequently repeated operations by system administrators and development teams.This automation refered to creation of development environments, code integration and delivering vesrions of application. The study is conducted for Node.js development environment applications.The thesis introduces the history, advantages and best practices of JavaScript. Furthermore, it presents the tools you can use to provide high quality software.Tools for virtualization environments and containers Linux have been analyzed on the criteria of functionality and usage.The result of the study is a merged processes that consits of automated virtual environments creation and continuous integration server configuration to perform the tests and provide up to date versions of the application

3D-CFD investigation into free convection flow above a heated horizontal cylinder: Comparisons with experimental data

A 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is proposed for the first time to predict the existing particle -image velocimetry (PIV) data and measured Nusselt numbers collected from the liquid flow above a heated horizontal cylinder. The simulation results are obtained in the free convective water flow around a heated horizontal cylinder with the top surface open to air in the Rayleigh number range from 10(5) to 5 x 10(6) and a Prandtl number of 5.98. The submersion depth of the cylinder top below the free water surface is normalized by the cylinder diameter at H/D = 6. Excellent agreements between the computed and measured similarity solutions for a Rayleigh number of 1.33 x 10(6) prove the capability of the computational model to simulate flow velocity, boundary layers and Nusselt numbers present in a vertical plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis at different circumferential locations. The computational results concerning the periodic swaying motion of the plume and its time of a sway period are found to be consistent with the experimental observations. Additionally, the computational analysis reveals the correlation among the near-cylinder flow features, boundary-layer thickness and plume formation region. We further analyze the correspondence between the swaying motion in a plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis and meandering structure coupled with U-shaped velocity profiles in the axial direction. Furthermore, the effect of Rayleigh number on the velocity fields and heat transfer characteristics has been identified. In the frequency spectrum analysis of the Nusselt number fluctuations, we have found the correlation between the oscillation frequency of the plume swaying and heat transfer characteristics. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved