A qualidade de vida dos estudantes de medicina durante o ensino remoto no período da pandemia da COVID-19

Objective: to characterize the quality of life of medical students from a federal university in the interior of Minas Gerais, enrolled during remote education, during the COVID 19 pandemic period. Methods: cross-sectional study with application of online questionnaires adapted from V National Survey of the Socioeconomic and Cultural Profile of Undergraduates from Federal Institutions of Higher Education, the National Survey of Household Samples and the WHOQOLbref. Absolute and relative frequencies and means of sociodemographic and epidemiological variables were calculated, in addition to the scores of the questionnaire referring to quality of life. Results: 179 students participated, aged between 19 and 44 years (Me=23.6). Most were female (67.7%), 52.6% self-declared white race/color, 97.2% single, 98.8% from Brazilian states and two from other countries (1.2%). In relation to quality of life, the following domains were observed among the participants: physical – good (4.05), environment – good (4.04), social relationships – regular (3.85) and psychological – regular (3.68). The score related to general quality of life was 3.90, being considered regular. Final considerations: despite the fact that the physical and environmental domains obtained a good classification, the social and psychological relationships domains were considered regular, as well as general quality of life. It is suggested that this study serve as a subsidy to the coordination and direction of medical courses. Because, the planning and implementation of pedagogical and administrative interventions, related to the health problems of mental disorders and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, are essential to improve the quality of life of students.Objetivo: caracterizar a qualidade de vida dos estudantes do curso de medicina, de uma universidade federal do interior de Minas Gerais, matriculados durante o ensino remoto, no período da pandemia da COVID 19. Métodos: estudo transversal com aplicação de questionários online adaptados da V Pesquisa Nacional de Perfil Socioeconômico e Cultural dos Graduandos das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior, da Pesquisa Nacional de Amostras de Domicílio e do WHOQOL-bref. Foram calculadas as frequências absolutas e relativas e as médias das variáveis sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas, além dos scores do questionário referente à qualidade de vida.Resultados: participaram 179 estudantes, com idades entre 19 e 44 anos (Me=23,6). A maioria do sexo feminino (67,7%), 52,6 % autodeclarados da raça/ cor branca, 97,2% solteiros, 98,8% naturais de estados brasileiros e dois naturais de outros países (1,2%). Observou-se entre os participantes, em relação à qualidade de vida, os seguintes domínios:  físico – boa (4,05), ambiente – boa (4,04), relações sociais – regular (3,85) e psicológico – regular (3,68). O escore relacionado à qualidade de vida geral, foi 3,90, sendo considerada regular. Considerações finais: apesar da constatação dos domínios físico e ambiental terem obtido boa classificação, os domínios relações sociais e psicológico foram considerados regulares, assim como qualidade de vida geral. Sugere-se que este estudo sirva de subsídio às coordenações e direções dos cursos de medicina. Pois, o planejamento e implementação de intervenções pedagógicas e administrativas, relacionadas aos agravos dos transtornos mentais e o impacto da pandemia da Covid -19, são fundamentais para melhorias da qualidade de vida dos estudantes

Sepse: correlação dos achados laboratoriais e taxa de sobrevida de animais: Sepsis: correlation of laboratory findings and animal survival rate

A sepse tem se tornando um dos maiores desafios na medicina veterinária. A sepse é definida como uma disfunção orgânica decorrente de uma inadequada resposta imunológica frente a um agente infeccioso, ameaçando a vida do animal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência das doenças de maior frequência que levaram os animais a sepse nos atendimentos realizados no Hospital Veterinário (HV) da Universidade Vila Velha (UVV), em Vila Velha/ Espírito Santo, Brasil, observando as alterações laboratoriais relacionadas à sepse e correlacionando com a expectativa de vida desses animais. Através de um estudo retrospectivo, houve o levantamento dos casos atendidos no período de agosto a dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram tabulados, e, analisados por software, utilizando nível de significância de 5%. As principais doenças que conduziram a sepse foram em ordem de frequência a erliquiose, piometra e gastroenterites; além disso, foi observado que os fatores influenciadores na sobrevida destes animais foram alteração nos valores de leucócitos totais (p=0,042) e a presença de azotemia (ureia p <0,001 e creatinina p=0,003). Demonstrou-se assim, a importância dos achados laboratoriais em conjunto com as alterações clínicas, permitindo agilidade na identificação de um quadro em curso de síndrome da resposta inflamatória (SRIS)/Sepse

Tuberculose pulmonar: adesão e vulnerabilidade dos pacientes em situação de rua / Pulmonary tuberculosis: adherence to the vulnerability of homeless patients

INTRODUÇÃO: A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infecciosa cujo tratamento é longo e possui, além da duração, fatores que reduzem sua adesão. Tais fatores evidenciam-se fortemente na população em situação de rua (PSR), mais vulnerável à infecção por TB. METODOLOGIA: Revisão narrativa de literatura, em inglês e português nas bases da PubMED/MEDLINE, SciELO, BVS e OPAS/PAHO utilizando os descritores “Tuberculosis”, “Pulmonary”, ”Homeless” e ”Medication Adherence”. Ana?lise de estudos pre?-existentes, buscando a síntese de informac?o?es da tema?tica. RESULTADOS: Seleção de 48 artigos, dentre os quais 27 preenchiam os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, cujas informações compuseram o artigo. DISCUSSÃO: O tempo de tratamento e seus efeitos colaterais afetam a adesão à terapêutica da TB na PSR. O uso de drogas e álcool, infecção por HIV, baixa escolaridade, falta de apoio familiar, fatores socioeconômicos e outras condições relacionadas à PSR, influenciam nessa problemática, tornando tal grupo mais vulnerável e com maiores taxas de abandono do tratamento. Almeja-se melhorar tal questão mediante políticas públicas que ainda demonstram-se insuficientes. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da existência de políticas públicas que visem a resolução da problemática, a PSR possui maior vulnerabilidade à infecção por TB, menor adesão ao tratamento e pior prognóstico comparado a população em geral.

Protocol for evaluating the in vitro effect of violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 410 nm ± 10 nm on yeast cultures

BACKGROUND: Candida spp and Malassezia spp cause superficial infections that may be resistant to conventional treatments. Violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) therapy is a therapeutic alternative. PURPOSE: To describe the protocol for evaluating the antifungal effect of violet LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm on Candida spp and Malassezia spp in vitro. PROTOCOL: LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm are applied to a fungal suspension at fluences of 61.13 J/cm2, 91.70 J/cm2, and 183.39 J/cm2. The isolates are cultured for 48 to 72 hours. Colony forming units (CFUs) are quantified by visual counting and percent culture plate occupancy by digital analysis. Morphology is assessed by light microscopy and Gram staining, and yeast metabolism/function by transmission electron microscopy, assessment of reactive oxygen species, and DNA fragmentation. DATA ANALYSIS: the percentage of LEDs inhibition is calculated considering the growth of the negative control condition and the percentage of plate occupancy by yeasts by dividing the number of pixels classified as colonies by the total number of pixels on the plate. The morphological and functional aspects are described for the intervention and negative control. The ANOVA test is used to compare the mean percentages of growth inhibition and plate occupancy between the three fluences of LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm and the negative control. ESTIMATED RESULTS: We intend to determine the antifungal effect of the different fluences of LEDs 410 nm ± 10 nm on Candida spp and Malassezia spp. The evaluation of other fungal species by this protocol should be investigated

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe