La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamentos de Chocó, Vichada, Meta y Boyacá

El presente trabajo se realizó a partir del análisis del Caso de Alfredo Campo, un hombre que vivía en una comunidad indígena del pueblo Nasa, nació en una vereda llamada Las Brisas, resguardo indígena de Honduras, municipio de Morales, Cauca; se realiza el trabajo con el propósito de identificar diferentes elementos y herramientas que se establecen en los diferentes escenarios de violencia a partir de las lecturas que abordan y profundizan en el objetivo del Diplomado de Acompañamiento Psicosocial en Escenarios de violencia. Alfredo Campo es un sobreviviente del conflicto armado en Colombia que por medio de la resiliencia transforma su experiencia violenta en ideas concretas y gestión colectiva de beneficio para su comunidad creando emisoras difusoras de mensajes con las que busca fortalecer a las víctimas, minimizando traumas y cicatrices ocasionadas por los horrores vividos dentro de la violencia. Este hombre gracias a sus sueños, luchas y liderazgo ha logrado hacer de su hecho victimizante una experiencia de transformación personal y colectiva, un reto de injerencias dentro de la política y a nivel social. Uno de los productos construidos desde la narrativa, es la experiencia de la foto voz, donde se narra a través de imágenes, memorias, verdad y justicia de los hechos ocurridos en municipios golpeados por alguna forma de violencia, entre ellas podemos encontrar violencia derivada del conflicto armado y violencia de género; este producto recolecta cuadros de esperanza, horrores de la guerra, superación de vivencias y supervivencia de emociones, en municipios que integran los departamentos de Meta, Chocó, Boyacá y Vichada; dichos departamentos presentan víctimas que han sobrevivido y superado las formas de violencia y los impactos negativos y positivos que de ella se desglosa; dicho trabajo está compuesto de paisajes naturales que ofrecen una perspectiva de cooperación con la comunidad haciendo que la inspiración de una colectividad se proyecte hacia el perdón y transformación de situaciones. Dentro del contexto del proceso se formulan preguntas orientadoras como son: estratégicas, circulares y reflexivas con el fin de lograr una intervención más significativa dentro del caso elegido. En un segundo análisis basados en el “Caso de Peñas Coloradas”, se establecen los aspectos más relevantes, teniendo en cuenta los emergentes psicosociales y las afectaciones que generan impacto dentro de esta comunidad. De esta manera se realiza una propuesta de acciones y estrategias que promuevan resiliencia y brinden mejorar su calidad de vida. Es importante realizar un acompañamiento psicosocial resaltando el Rol del Psicólogo comunitario desde el enfoque social. Es importante tener en cuenta que la víctima recupera sus valores afrontando la problemática enfocados desde la resiliencia minimizando traumas y cicatrices ocasionadas por los horrores vividos dentro de la violencia.The present work was carried out from the analysis of the case of Alfredo Campo, a man who lived in an indigenous community of the Nasa people, was born in a village called the Brisas, an indigenous reservation in Honduras, Morales municipality, Cauca; The work is carried out with the purpose of identifying different elements and tools that are established in the different violence scenarios from the readings that address and deepen the objective of the Diploma in Psychosocial Accompaniment in Violence Scenarios. Alfredo Campo is a survivor of the armed conflict in Colombia who, through resilience, transforms his violent experience into concrete ideas and collective management of benefit for his community by creating broadcasting stations with which he seeks to strengthen the victims, minimizing trauma and scars caused. for the horrors experienced within the violence. Thanks to his dreams, struggles and leadership, this man has managed to make his victimizing act an experience of personal and collective transformation, a challenge of interference within politics and at the social level. One of the products built from the narrative is the photo-voice experience, where those who make up this valuable work, narrate through images and denotations memories, truth and justice of the events that occurred in municipalities hit by some form of violence, among them the most common violence derived from the armed conflict and gender violence; This product collects pictures of hope, horrors of war, overcoming experiences and survival of emotions, in municipalities that make up the departments of Meta, Chocó, Boyacá and Vichada; These departments present victims who have survived and overcome the forms of violence and the negative and positive impacts that it is broken down; This work is composed of natural landscapes that offer a perspective of cooperation with the community, making the inspiration of a community project towards forgiveness and transformation of situations. Within the context of the process, guiding questions are formulated such as: strategic, circular and reflective in order to achieve a more significant intervention within the chosen case. In a second analysis based on the “Case of Peñas Coloradas”, the most relevant aspects are established, taking into account the psychosocial emergencies and the effects that generate an impact within this community. In this way, a proposal of actions and strategies is made that promote resilience and improve their quality of life. It is important to carry out a psychosocial accompaniment highlighting the role of the community psychologist from the social perspective. It is important to bear in mind that the victim recovers his values by facing the problem, focused on resilience, minimizing traumas and scars caused by the horrors experienced within the violenc

Outreach:Impact on Skills and Future Careers of Postgraduate Practitioners Working with the Bristol ChemLabS Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning

Postgraduate engagement in delivering outreach activities is more commonplace than it once was. However, the impact on postgraduate students (typically studying for a Ph.D. degree) of participating in the delivery of these outreach activities has rarely, if ever, been recorded. The Bristol ChemLabS Outreach program has been running for ca. 17 years, and in that time, many postgraduate students have been involved (approximately 500), with around 250 typically for up to 3 years. We sought to investigate the impact of outreach engagement on postgraduate alumni who were involved in the program for over 3 years (32) and how the experiences and training of the outreach program had impacted on their careers postgraduation. Thirty of the 32 postgraduates engaged and ∼70% reported that their outreach experience had influenced their decision making on future careers. Many respondents reported that the skills and experiences gained through outreach participation had contributed to success in applying for and interviewing at their future employers. All respondents reported that outreach had helped them to develop key skills that were valued in the workplace, specifically, communication, teamwork, organizational skills, time planning, event planning, and event management. Rather than a pleasant distraction or an opportunity to supplement income, all participants noted that they felt there were many additional benefits and that this was time well spent. Outreach should not be viewed as a distraction to science research but rather an important enhancement to it provided that the program is well constructed and seeks to develop those delivering the outreach activities

Cooking fish and drinking milk? Patterns in pottery use in the southeastern Baltic, 3300–2400 cal BC

yesA study of pottery vessel contents and use was undertaken in order to obtain information on food processed in Subneolithic and Neolithic vessels from Nida and Šventoji (3300–2400 cal BC). The aim is to assess pottery use during major changes in the coastal environment and in material culture. Bulk carbon and nitrogen isotope, lipid biomarker and compound specific carbon isotope analysis was undertaken on ‘foodcrusts’, charred deposits adhering to vessel surfaces, and absorbed residues from different vessel types. In addition, three archaeological seal bones were analysed for bulk collagen and compound specific carbon isotope analysis to establish collagen-lipid offsets to inform interpretation of the data. The results show that the majority of the vessels were used for processing aquatic products. At Nida the data suggest exploitation of freshwater resources and, in the later stages of occupation, dairying. Analysis of a small number of Subneolithic vessels from Šventoji produced results that are also consistent with processing of aquatic products. Other substances identified include Pinaceae sp. resin or tar and beeswax. These data demonstrate that identifying patterns in pottery use contributes to understanding Neolithisation processes

Cultura de consumo y tendencias de Marketing en Guayaquil: compendio de artículos

Esta recopilación de artículos académicos aborda diversas estrategias manejadas por las pymes ecuatorianas. Temas como neuromarketing, marketing digital, cultura de consumo y comportamiento de compra, son claves para dar respuestas a los consumidores. Con estudios de caso —desde lo que compran clientes de supermercados, consumo de bebidas o prendas de vestir— los textos que acá se recogen establecen perfiles de consumo en el Ecuador. Dieciocho autores que —como parte de su trabajo de titulación de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana— ponen sobre la mesa variables de creatividad e innovación que requieren las empresas para que el cliente busque y encuentre lo que el mercado le ofrece. Los investigadores plantean temas como el creciente comercio electrónico o los servicios bancarios en línea y las preferencias del consumidor ecuatoriano, dando así pistas a las pequeñas empresas sobre la cultura de compra del consumidor en el país

Chemical analysis of pottery demonstrates prehistoric origin for high-altitude alpine dairying

The European high Alps are internationally renowned for their dairy produce, which are of huge cultural and economic significance to the region. Although the recent history of alpine dairying has been well studied, virtually nothing is known regarding the origins of this practice. This is due to poor preservation of high altitude archaeological sites and the ephemeral nature of transhumance economic practices. Archaeologists have suggested that stone structures that appear around 3,000 years ago are associated with more intense seasonal occupation of the high Alps and perhaps the establishment of new economic strategies. Here, we report on organic residue analysis of small fragments of pottery sherds that are occasionally preserved both at these sites and earlier prehistoric rock-shelters. Based mainly on isotopic criteria, dairy lipids could only be identified on ceramics from the stone structures, which date to the Iron Age (ca. 3,000 - 2,500 BP), providing the earliest evidence of this practice in the high Alps. Dairy production in such a marginal environment implies a high degree of risk even by today’s standards. We postulate that this practice was driven by population increase and climate deterioration that put pressure on lowland agropastoral systems and the establishment of more extensive trade networks, leading to greater demand for highly nutritious and transportable dairy products

Interpreting ancient food practices:Stable isotope and molecular analyses of visible and absorbed residues from a year-long cooking experiment

Chemical analyses of carbonized and absorbed organic residues from archaeological ceramic cooking vessels can provide a unique window into the culinary cultures of ancient people, resource use, and environmental effects by identifying ingredients used in ancient meals. However, it remains uncertain whether recovered organic residues represent only the final foodstuffs prepared or are the accumulation of various cooking events within the same vessel. To assess this, we cooked seven mixtures of C3 and C4 foodstuffs in unglazed pots once per week for one year, then changed recipes between pots for the final cooking events. We conducted bulk stable-isotope analysis and lipid residue analysis on the charred food macro-remains, carbonized thin layer organic patina residues and absorbed lipids over the course of the experiment. Our results indicate that: (1) the composition of charred macro-remains represent the final foodstuffs cooked within vessels, (2) thin-layer patina residues represent a mixture of previous cooking events with bias towards the final product(s) cooked in the pot, and (3) absorbed lipid residues are developed over a number of cooking events and are replaced slowly over time, with little evidence of the final recipe ingredients

The adoption of pottery on Kodiak Island: Insights from organic residue analysis

Pottery technology, originating in Northeast Asia, appeared in Alaska some 2800 years ago. It spread swiftly along Alaska’s coastline but was not adopted on Kodiak Island until around 500 cal BP, as part of the Koniag tradition. While in the southeast pottery was used extensively, people on the northern half of the island did not adopt the technology. What drove these patterns of adoption and non-adoption on Kodiak Island? To better understand the role of ceramic technology in the Koniag tradition we used organic residue analysis to investigate pottery function. Results indicate that pottery was used to process aquatic resources, including anadromous fish, but especially marine species. Based on archaeological and ethnographic data, and spatial analysis of pottery distributions and function, we hypothesize that Koniag pottery was a tool inherent to the rendering of whale oil on the southeast coast of Kodiak Island, supporting previous suggestions by Knecht (1995) and Fitzhugh (2001). When viewed in the broader historical context of major technological and social transformations, we conclude that social identity and cultural boundaries may also have played a role in the delayed and partial adoption of pottery on Kodiak Island

Timing and pace of dairying inception and animal husbandry practices across Holocene North Africa

The timing and extent of the adoption and exploitation of domesticates and their secondary products, across Holocene North Africa, has long been the subject of debate. The three distinct areas within the region, Mediterranean north Africa, the Nile Valley and the Sahara, each with extremely diverse environments and ecologies, demonstrate differing trajectories to pastoralism. Here, we address this question using a combination of faunal evidence and organic residue analyses of c. 300 archaeological vessels from sites in Algeria, Libya and Sudan. This synthesis of new and published data provides a broad regional and chronological perspective on the scale and intensity of domestic animal exploitation and the inception of dairying practices in Holocene North Africa. Following the introduction of domesticated animals into the region our results confirm a hiatus of around one thousand years before the adoption of a full pastoral economy, which appears first in the Libyan Sahara, at c. 5200 BCE, subsequently appearing at c. 4600 BCE in the Nile Valley and at 4400–3900 BCE in Mediterranean north Africa