Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

Our planet is changing, and one of the most pressing challenges facing the scientific community revolves around understanding how ecological communities respond to global changes. From coastal to deep-sea ecosystems, ecologists are exploring new areas of research to find model organisms that help predict the future of life on our planet. Among the different categories of organisms, meiofauna offer several advantages for the study of marine benthic ecosystems. This paper reviews the advances in the study of meiofauna with regard to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Four taxonomic groups are valuable for predicting global changes: foraminifers (especially calcareous forms), nematodes, copepods and ostracods. Environmental variables are fundamental in the interpretation of meiofaunal patterns and multistressor experiments are more informative than single stressor ones, revealing complex ecological and biological interactions. Global change has a general negative effect on meiofauna, with important consequences on benthic food webs. However, some meiofaunal species can be favoured by the extreme conditions induced by global change, as they can exhibit remarkable physiological adaptations. This review highlights the need to incorporate studies on taxonomy, genetics and function of meiofaunal taxa into global change impact research

Observation of γγ → ττ in proton-proton collisions and limits on the anomalous electromagnetic moments of the τ lepton

The production of a pair of τ leptons via photon–photon fusion, γγ → ττ, is observed for the f irst time in proton–proton collisions, with a significance of 5.3 standard deviations. This observation is based on a data set recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. Events with a pair of τ leptons produced via photon–photon fusion are selected by requiring them to be back-to-back in the azimuthal direction and to have a minimum number of charged hadrons associated with their production vertex. The τ leptons are reconstructed in their leptonic and hadronic decay modes. The measured fiducial cross section of γγ → ττ is σfid obs = 12.4+3.8 −3.1 fb. Constraints are set on the contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment (aτ) and electric dipole moments (dτ) of the τ lepton originating from potential effects of new physics on the γττ vertex: aτ = 0.0009+0.0032 −0.0031 and |dτ| < 2.9×10−17ecm (95% confidence level), consistent with the standard model

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Evaluation des pratiques professionnelles dans la prise en charge des lésions méniscales médiales du patient de plus de 45 ans (d'après une étude non randomisée, prospective et multicentrique de 174 cas)

BREST-BU Médecine-Odontologie (290192102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Non-linear boundary condition for non-ideal electrokinetic equations in porous media

International audienceThis paper studies the partial differential equation describing the charge distribution of an electrolyte in a porous medium.Realistic non-ideal effects are incorporated through the mean spherical approximation(MSA) model which takes into account finite size ions and screening effects. The main novelty is the consideration of a non-constant surface charge density on the pore walls. Indeed, a chemical equilibrium reaction is considered on the boundary to represent the dissociation of ionizable sites on the solid walls. The surface charge density is thus given as a non-linear function of the electrostatic potential. Even in the ideal case, the resulting system is a new variant of the famous Poisson-Boltzmann equation, which still has a monotone structure under quantitative assumptions on the physical parameters. In the non-ideal case, the MSA model brings in additional non-linearities which break down the monotone structure of the system. We prove existence, and sometimes uniqueness, of the solution. Some numerical experiments are performed in 2-d to compare this model with that for a constant surface charge

Arthrodèse totale de poignet post-traumatique : étude de satisfaction à propos de 42 cas avec un recul moyen de 97 mois (min 12–max 194)

National audienceIntroductionL’arthrodèse totale de poignet a fait ses preuves dans le poignet arthrosique en diminuant la douleur au prix du sacrifice de la mobilité. Notre objectif était d’étudier la satisfaction du patient après arthrodèse totale de poignet en post-traumatique et d’étudier les complications et leurs facteurs de risque.HypothèseL’arthrodèse totale du poignet post-traumatique procurait un taux élevé de satisfaction du patient.Patients et méthodesUne étude observationnelle rétrospective monocentrique, entre 2005 et 2020, a été réalisée au travers d’un interrogatoire téléphonique. Il s’agit d’une enquête de satisfaction concernant les arthrodèses totales de poignet en post-traumatique.RésultatsQuarante-deux arthrodèses totales de poignet par plaque dorsale en post-traumatique ont été incluses. La durée moyenne de suivi était de 97 mois. L’arthrodèse totale permet une dimune place essentielle dans l’algorithme thérapeutique chez les patients présentant un poignet arthrosique en post-traumatique, en particulier chez le travailleur manuel

Post-traumatic total wrist arthrodesis: Satisfaction study of 42 cases at a mean 97 months’ follow-up

International audienceIntroductionTotal wrist arthrodesis is effective in reducing pain in osteoarthritic wrist, but at the cost of range of motion. The aim of the present study was to assess patient satisfaction after post-traumatic total wrist arthrodesis, complications and risk factors.HypothesisPost-traumatic total wrist arthrodesis provides a high rate of satisfaction.Patients and methodsA single-center retrospective observational satisfaction survey was carried out for the period 2005–2020 by telephone interview.ResultsForty-two post-traumatic dorsal plate total wrist arthrodeses were included. Mean follow-up was 97 months. Total arthrodesis achieved a mean 75% reduction in pain, with good functional results (QuickDASH: 23 ± 9.1 [11–42]) and satisfaction (83% of patients very satisfied or satisfied). Seventy-two percent of patients continued in their previous work. The complications rate was 48%. Twenty patients had complications, including 14 (33%) requiring surgical revision. Thirteen patients (31%) had hardware removed due to plaque discomfort and 1 due to bone and joint infection. Seven patients showed CRPS.ConclusionTotal wrist arthrodesis provided good results in terms of pain relief and satisfaction, at the cost of loss of motion. It is a reliable surgical technique, with an essential place in the therapeutic algorithm for post-traumatic osteoarthritic wrist, particularly in manual workers

Post-traumatic total wrist arthrodesis: Satisfaction study of 42 cases at a mean 97 months’ follow-upArthrodèse totale de poignet post-traumatique : étude de satisfaction à propos de 42 cas avec un recul moyen de 97 mois

International audienceIntroductionTotal wrist arthrodesis is effective in reducing pain in osteoarthritic wrist, but at the cost of range of motion. The aim of the present study was to assess patient satisfaction after post-traumatic total wrist arthrodesis, complications and risk factors.HypothesisPost-traumatic total wrist arthrodesis provides a high rate of satisfaction.Patients and methodsA single-center retrospective observational satisfaction survey was carried out for the period 2005–2020 by telephone interview.ResultsForty-two post-traumatic dorsal plate total wrist arthrodeses were included. Mean follow-up was 97 months. Total arthrodesis achieved a mean 75% reduction in pain, with good functional results (QuickDASH: 23 ± 9.1 [11–42]) and satisfaction (83% of patients very satisfied or satisfied). Seventy-two percent of patients continued in their previous work. The complications rate was 48%. Twenty patients had complications, including 14 (33%) requiring surgical revision. Thirteen patients (31%) had hardware removed due to plaque discomfort and 1 due to bone and joint infection. Seven patients showed CRPS.ConclusionTotal wrist arthrodesis provided good results in terms of pain relief and satisfaction, at the cost of loss of motion. It is a reliable surgical technique, with an essential place in the therapeutic algorithm for post-traumatic osteoarthritic wrist, particularly in manual workers