Amino Acid Composition of Granules and Spots in Grana Padano Cheeses

Abstract Amino acids concentrated in Grana Padano cheese in two different physical forms, granules and spots. The major amino acid in the granules was tyrosine followed in concentration by phenylalanine and glutamic acid. Composition of spots was predominantly leucine and iso-leucine with tyrosine essentially absent. Composition of the free amino acids in the granules differed from that in the whole cheese. Bacterial populations were much higher in amino acid localization than in cheese as a whole, suggesting that bacterial action is a major contributing factor to the phenomenon of amino acid localization

The influence of a major sporting event upon emergency department attendances; A retrospective cross-national European study

Major sporting events may influence attendance levels at hospital emergency departments (ED). Previous research has focussed on the impact of single games, or wins/losses for specific teams/countries, limiting wider generalisations. Here we explore the impact of the Euro 2016 football championships on ED attendances across four participating nations (England, France, Northern Ireland, Wales), using a single methodology. Match days were found to have no significant impact upon daily ED attendances levels. Focussing upon hourly attendances, ED attendances across all countries in the four hour pre-match period were statistically significantly lower than would be expected (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–0.99) and further reduced during matches (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.97). In the 4 hour post-match period there was no significant increase in attendances (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.04). However, these impacts were highly variable between individual matches: for example in the 4 hour period following the final, involving France, the number of ED attendances in France increased significantly (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13–1.42). Overall our results indicate relatively small impacts of major sporting events upon ED attendances. The heterogeneity observed makes it difficult for health providers to predict how major sporting events may affect ED attendances but supports the future development of compatible systems in different countries to support cross-border public health surveillance

Construction techniques and performances of a full size prototype Micromegas chamber for the ATLAS muon spectrometer upgrade

A full scale prototype of a Micromegas precision tracking chamber for the upgrade of the ATLAS detector at the LHC Collider has been built between October 2015 and April 2016. This paper describes in detail the procedures used in constructing the single modules of the chamber in various INFN laboratories and the final assembly at the Frascati National Laboratories (LNF). Results of the chamber exposure to the CERN H8 beam line in June 2016 are also presented. The performances achieved in the construction and the results of the test beam are compared with the requirements, which are imposed by the severe environment during the data-taking of the LHC foreseen for the next years

Delivering a multi-functional and resilient urban forest

Tree planting is widely advocated and applied in urban areas, with large-scaleprojects underway in cities globally. Numerous potential benefits are used to justify these planting campaigns. However, reports of poor tree survival raise questions about the ability of such projects to deliver on their promises over the long-term. Each potential benefit requires different supporting conditions—relating not only to the type and placement of the tree, but also to the broader urban system within which it is embedded. This set of supportingconditions may not always be mutually compatible and may not persist for the lifetime of the tree. Here, we demonstrate a systems-based approach that makes these dependencies, synergies, and tensions more explicit, allowing them to be used to test the decadal-scale resilience of urban street trees. Our analysis highlights social, environmental, and economic assumptions that are implicit within planting projects; notably that high levels of maintenance and public support for urban street trees will persist throughout their natural lifespan, andthat the surrounding built form will remain largely unchanged. Whilst the vulnerability of each benefit may be highly context specific, we identify approaches that address some typical weaknesses, making a functional, resilient, urban forest more attainable.

Real-time monitoring shows substantial excess all-cause mortality during second wave of COVID-19 in Europe, October to December 2020.

The European monitoring of excess mortality for public health action (EuroMOMO) network monitors weekly excess all-cause mortality in 27 European countries or subnational areas. During the first wave of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Europe in spring 2020, several countries experienced extraordinarily high levels of excess mortality. Europe is currently seeing another upsurge in COVID-19 cases, and EuroMOMO is again witnessing a substantial excess all-cause mortality attributable to COVID-19.Funding statement: The EuroMOMO network hub at Statens Serum Institut receives funding from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden, through a framework contract 2017-2020.S

Adhesions and Adhesions Disc and its relationship with the supra and infradiscal articular spaces

En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional en 50 pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno temporomandibular (TTM) atendidos en el Curso de Posgrado en Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Patologías de la Articulación Temporomandibular, dictado en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se le realizó a cada paciente, junto con la inspección correspondiente, una historia clínica completa especialmente diseñada para el diagnóstico de TTMs, complementado con el estudio de Imagen de Resonancia Magnética (IRM). Se consideró a la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) de cada lado como 1 U.E (Unidad Experimental), obteniendo de este modo 100 U. E. en total. El propósito de este trabajo fue obtener una estadística inicial de la frecuencia de aparición de Adhesiones y/o Adherencias Discales en pacientes diagnosticados con TTM, la cual nos permite realizar una evaluación comparativa primaria con la información estudiada en la bibliografía y publicaciones consultadas, describiendo los aspectos imagenológicos relativos a las adherencias, aportando casuística a un tema poco documentado hasta la actualidad. De un total de 100 U.E., se diagnosticaron solo 2 (dos) casos de Adherencias Discales, en ambos fueron pacientes masculinos y la fijación discal afectó tanto la articulación del lado derecho como la articulación del lado izquierdo simultáneamente, siendo por lo tanto de presentación bilateral.In the present work, a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out in 50 patients with a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) attended in the Postgraduate Course in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pathologies of the Temporomandibular Joint, taught at the Faculty of Dentistry of the National University of La Plata. Each patient, along with the corresponding inspection, had a complete medical history specially designed for the diagnosis of TMDs, complemented with the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study. The temporomandibular joint (ATM) on each side was considered as 1 U.E (Experimental Unit), thus obtaining 100 U. E. in total. The purpose of this work was to obtain an initial statistic of the frequency of occurrence of Adhesions and / or Disc Adhesions in patients diagnosed with TMD, which allows us to perform a primary comparative evaluation with the information studied in the literature and publications consulted, describing the Imaging aspects related to adhesions, contributing casuistically to a topic that has not been documented until today. From a total of 100 EU, only 2 (two) cases of Disc Adhesions were diagnosed, in both they were male patients and the disc fixation affected both the right side joint and the left side joint simultaneously, therefore being bilateral presentation.Facultad de Odontologí

Importancia de las interferencias oclusales en la disfunción temporomandibular

En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal y observacional en 73 casos de pacientes con disfunción temporomandibular en las clínicas de la FOLP UNLP. El examen clínico, oclusal estático y dinámico, se realizó con la finalidad de ampliar los conocimientos sobre la presencia de disfunción temporomandibular en pacientes portadores de maloclusiones dentarias. El estudio descriptivo transversal se realizo para determinar la presencia de interferencias oclusales durante los movimientos mandibulares en pacientes que manifestaron tener dolor en la articulación temporomandibular, siendo este el principal síntoma de las patologías en la ATM. De un total de 73 pacientes, el 89 % de ellos presentaron interferencias oclusales. De estos, las ubicadas en el grupo molar, tanto para los movimientos protrusivos, como de lateralidad fueron los de mayor porcentaje. Se llega la conclusión que las interferencias oclusales, localizadas fundamentalmente en el sector molar durante los distintos movimientos mandibulares, son consideradas importantes, ya que pueden traer grandes dificultades para el sistema, destruyendo el equilibrio del mismo, pudiendo causar disfunción temporomandibular.In the present work, a transversal and observational descriptive study was carried out in 73 cases of patients with temporomandibular dysfunction in the FOLP UNLP clinics. The clinical examination, static and dynamic occlusal, was carried out in order to expand knowledge about the presence of temporomandibular dysfunction in patients with dental malocclusions. The cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out to determine the presence of occlusal interferences during mandibular movements in patients who reported having pain in the temporomandibular joint, this being the main symptom of the pathologies in the TMJ. Of a total of 73 patients, 89% of them presented occlusal interferences. Of these, those located in the molar group, both for protrusive movements and for laterality were those with the highest percentage. The conclusion is reached that the occlusal interferences, located mainly in the molar sector during the different mandibular movements, are considered important, since they can bring great difficulties for the system, destroying the equilibrium thereof, and can cause temporomandibular dysfunction.Facultad de Odontologí

Rheumatoid Arthritis and manifestations at the level of the temporomandibular joint

La Artritis Reumatoidea (AR) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que afecta a muchas articulaciones y dentro de ellas a la Articulación Temporomandibular (ATM). En este trabajo describiremos los síntomas clínicos y radiográficosque produce esta enfermedad a nivel de la ATM. El estudio se realizó en la Facultad de Odontología de La Plata a pacientes que concurrieron al Servicio de Articulación Temporomandibular. Los objetivos fueron conocer las manifestaciones clínicas y radiográficas en la ATM en pacientes con Artritis Reumatoidea y prevenir trastornos tardíos en esta articulación. Se seleccionaron 30 pacientes, aleatoriamente y con diagnóstico de AR declarada, cuyo rango de edad estaba comprendido entre 20 y 50 años. Las principales manifestaciones clínicas observadas fueron: ruidos articulares de crepitación, dolor a nivel articular, limitación en la apertura bucal, dolor en los músculos de la dinámica mandibular, desvío en el momento de apertura de la boca, entre otros. Las alteraciones radiográficas observadas fueron: disminución del espacio articular, degeneración de las estructuras óseas temporomandibulares, aplanamiento o erosión del cóndilo mandibular y reabsorción de la cabeza del cóndilo. Determinamos que esta enfermedad produce graves trastornos, que llevan a los pacientes a generar patologías asociadas a esta disfunción articular las cuales pueden ser prevenidas con diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento oportuno.Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects many joints and within them the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). In this work we will describe the clinical and radiographic symptoms that this disease produces at the TMJ level. The study was carried out at the La Plata School of Dentistry with patients who attended the Temporomandibular Joint Service. The objectives were to know the clinical and radiographic manifestations in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and to prevent late disorders in this joint. Thirty patients from said Service were selected randomly and with a diagnosis of declared RA, whose age range was between 20 and 50 years. The main clinical manifestations observed were:creep joint noises, pain at the joint evel, limitation in mouth opening, pain in the dinamicmandibular muscles, opening mouth deviation, among others. The radiographic alterations observed were:joint space reduction, temporomandibular bone structures degeneration, flattening or erosion of the mandibular condyle and resorption of the head of the condyle. We determined that this disease produces serious disorders, which lead patients to generate pathologies associated with this joint dysfunction, which can be prevented with early diagnosis and timely treatment.Facultad de Odontologí

Importancia de las interferencias oclusales en la disfunción temporomandibular

En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal y observacional en 73 casos de pacientes con disfunción temporomandibular en las clínicas de la FOLP UNLP. El examen clínico, oclusal estático y dinámico, se realizó con la finalidad de ampliar los conocimientos sobre la presencia de disfunción temporomandibular en pacientes portadores de maloclusiones dentarias. El estudio descriptivo transversal se realizo para determinar la presencia de interferencias oclusales durante los movimientos mandibulares en pacientes que manifestaron tener dolor en la articulación temporomandibular, siendo este el principal síntoma de las patologías en la ATM. De un total de 73 pacientes, el 89 % de ellos presentaron interferencias oclusales. De estos, las ubicadas en el grupo molar, tanto para los movimientos protrusivos, como de lateralidad fueron los de mayor porcentaje. Se llega la conclusión que las interferencias oclusales, localizadas fundamentalmente en el sector molar durante los distintos movimientos mandibulares, son consideradas importantes, ya que pueden traer grandes dificultades para el sistema, destruyendo el equilibrio del mismo, pudiendo causar disfunción temporomandibular.In the present work, a transversal and observational descriptive study was carried out in 73 cases of patients with temporomandibular dysfunction in the FOLP UNLP clinics. The clinical examination, static and dynamic occlusal, was carried out in order to expand knowledge about the presence of temporomandibular dysfunction in patients with dental malocclusions. The cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out to determine the presence of occlusal interferences during mandibular movements in patients who reported having pain in the temporomandibular joint, this being the main symptom of the pathologies in the TMJ. Of a total of 73 patients, 89% of them presented occlusal interferences. Of these, those located in the molar group, both for protrusive movements and for laterality were those with the highest percentage. The conclusion is reached that the occlusal interferences, located mainly in the molar sector during the different mandibular movements, are considered important, since they can bring great difficulties for the system, destroying the equilibrium thereof, and can cause temporomandibular dysfunction.Facultad de Odontologí

Adhesions and Adhesions Disc and its relationship with the supra and infradiscal articular spaces

En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional en 50 pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno temporomandibular (TTM) atendidos en el Curso de Posgrado en Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Patologías de la Articulación Temporomandibular, dictado en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se le realizó a cada paciente, junto con la inspección correspondiente, una historia clínica completa especialmente diseñada para el diagnóstico de TTMs, complementado con el estudio de Imagen de Resonancia Magnética (IRM). Se consideró a la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) de cada lado como 1 U.E (Unidad Experimental), obteniendo de este modo 100 U. E. en total. El propósito de este trabajo fue obtener una estadística inicial de la frecuencia de aparición de Adhesiones y/o Adherencias Discales en pacientes diagnosticados con TTM, la cual nos permite realizar una evaluación comparativa primaria con la información estudiada en la bibliografía y publicaciones consultadas, describiendo los aspectos imagenológicos relativos a las adherencias, aportando casuística a un tema poco documentado hasta la actualidad. De un total de 100 U.E., se diagnosticaron solo 2 (dos) casos de Adherencias Discales, en ambos fueron pacientes masculinos y la fijación discal afectó tanto la articulación del lado derecho como la articulación del lado izquierdo simultáneamente, siendo por lo tanto de presentación bilateral.In the present work, a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out in 50 patients with a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) attended in the Postgraduate Course in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pathologies of the Temporomandibular Joint, taught at the Faculty of Dentistry of the National University of La Plata. Each patient, along with the corresponding inspection, had a complete medical history specially designed for the diagnosis of TMDs, complemented with the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study. The temporomandibular joint (ATM) on each side was considered as 1 U.E (Experimental Unit), thus obtaining 100 U. E. in total. The purpose of this work was to obtain an initial statistic of the frequency of occurrence of Adhesions and / or Disc Adhesions in patients diagnosed with TMD, which allows us to perform a primary comparative evaluation with the information studied in the literature and publications consulted, describing the Imaging aspects related to adhesions, contributing casuistically to a topic that has not been documented until today. From a total of 100 EU, only 2 (two) cases of Disc Adhesions were diagnosed, in both they were male patients and the disc fixation affected both the right side joint and the left side joint simultaneously, therefore being bilateral presentation.Facultad de Odontologí