Políticas de seguridad, control preventivo y peligrosidad. La construcción del orden social seguritario

En relación con la “Políticas de seguridad” mencionadas en el Título de este trabajo, entiendo que para su comprensión son referentes centrales las expresiones “seguridad pública” y “seguridad ciudadana”. Se recogen así en esta Introducción porque ambas se han utilizado, a veces incluso por el TC, de manera sinónima o atribuyéndoles una mínima diferencia de matiz y una cierta indeterminación. Desde su presencia normativa, BARCELONA LLOP (1997) ha planteado alguna diferencia al señalar que “la seguridad ciudadana” no hace...referencia a cualquier actuación pública susceptible de encuadrarse en el conjunto de la seguridad pública, sino solo aquellas actividades que se insertan en el conjunto de los cometidos ordinarios y normales de las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad encontrándose además, en íntima conexión con la protección del libre ejercicio de derechos y libertades... En otro caso cuando los derechos y las libertades no precisan protección frente a conductas agre- soras pero si requieran de actividades públicas tendentes a proteger su indemnidad, será el concepto de seguridad pública, que es más amplio, el que entre en escena, con intervención policial o no”

Fundamentos matemáticos de la computación cuántica

Traballo Fin de Grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2019-2020[ES] Este trabajo es una pequeña introducción al mundo de la computación cuántica, a través de los espacios de Hilbert, la fibración de Hopf y los grupos de Lie; empezando por una introducción histórica de la mecánica cuántica (teoría física sobre la que se basa la computación cuántica), continuando por el concepto de qubit (la pieza clave de la computación cuántica, al igual que lo es el bit en la computación clásica) y su representación geométrica y terminando con el estudio de las puertas lógicas junto con un par de ejemplos para ilustrar su uso en los algoritmos.[EN] This work is a short introduction to the world of quantum computing, seen trough Hilbert spaces, the Hopf fibration and Lie groups; starting with the history of quantum mechanics (the fundamental physical theory on which quantum computing is based). Following that, the introduction of the qubit (the most important piece of quantum computing, as the bit is for classic computing), and it’s geometric interpretation. And finally the study of logic gates including a couple of examples to show how they work inside an algorithm

Xerophytic Lichens from Gypsiferous Outcrops of Arid Areas of Andalusia as a Source of Anti-Phytopathogenic Depsides

In a survey to evaluate the potential of lichens associated with gypsum areas as sources of new antifungal metabolites, six species of lichens were collected in the gypsum outcrops of the Sorbas Desert (Diploschistes ocellatus and Seirophora lacunosa) and the Tabernas Desert (Cladonia foliacea, Acarospora placodiformis, Squamarina lentigera and Xanthoparmelia pokornyi) in southern Spain. Raw lichen acetone extracts were tested against a panel of seven phytopathogenic fungi, including Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense TR4, Fusarium ploriferaum, Magnaporthe grisea, Verticillium dahliae and Zymoseptoria tritici. Active extracts of Cladonia foliacea, Xanthoparmelia pokornyi and Squamarina lentigera were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS and Molecular Networking to identify possible metabolites responsible for the antifungal activity. A total of ten depside-like metabolites were identified by MS/MS dereplication and NMR experiments, of which one was a new derivative of fumaroprotocetraric acid. The compounds without previously described biological activity were purified and tested against the panel of fungal phytopathogens. Herein, the antifungal activity against fungal phytopathogens of 40-O-methylpaludosic acid, divaricatic acid and stenosporic acid is reported for the first time. Stenosporic and divaricatic acids displayed a broad antifungal spectrum against seven relevant fungal phytopathogens in a micromolar range, including the extremely resistant fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (TR4). 40-Omethylpaludosic acid exhibited specific antifungal activity against the wheat pathogen Z. tritici, with an IC50 of 38.87 g/mL (87.1 M) in the absorbance-based assay and 24.88 g/mL (55.52 M) in the fluorescence-based assa

Evidence of magnetic accretion in an SW Sex star: discovery of variable circular polarization in LS Pegasi

We report on the discovery of variable circular polarization in the SW Sex star LS Pegasi. The observed modulation has an amplitude of ~0.3 % and a period of 29.6 minutes, which we assume as the spin period of the magnetic white dwarf. We also detected periodic flaring in the blue wing of Hbeta, with a period of 33.5 minutes. The difference between both frequencies is just the orbital frequency, so we relate the 33.5-min modulation to the beat between the orbital and spin period. We propose a new accretion scenario in SW Sex stars, based on the shock of the disk-overflown gas stream against the white dwarf's magnetosphere, which extends to the corotation radius. From this geometry, we estimate a magnetic field strength of B(1) ~ 5-15 MG. Our results indicate that magnetic accretion plays an important role in SW Sex stars and we suggest that these systems are probably Intermediate Polars with the highest mass accretion rates.Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letters. LaTeX, 14 pages, 3 PostScript figure

Políticas de seguridad, control preventivo y peligrosidad. La construcción del orden social seguritario

En relación con la “Políticas de seguridad” mencionadas en el Título de este trabajo, entiendo que para su comprensión son referentes centrales las expresiones “seguridad pública” y “seguridad ciudadana”. Se recogen así en esta Introducción porque ambas se han utilizado, a veces incluso por el TC, de manera sinónima o atribuyéndoles una mínima diferencia de matiz y una cierta indeterminación. Desde su presencia normativa, BARCELONA LLOP (1997) ha planteado alguna diferencia al señalar que “la seguridad ciudadana” no hace...referencia a cualquier actuación pública susceptible de encuadrarse en el conjunto de la seguridad pública, sino solo aquellas actividades que se insertan en el conjunto de los cometidos ordinarios y normales de las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad encontrándose además, en íntima conexión con la protección del libre ejercicio de derechos y libertades... En otro caso cuando los derechos y las libertades no precisan protección frente a conductas agre- soras pero si requieran de actividades públicas tendentes a proteger su indemnidad, será el concepto de seguridad pública, que es más amplio, el que entre en escena, con intervención policial o no”

Simplicial complexes and minimal free resolution of monomial algebras

This paper is concerned with the combinatorial description of the graded minimal free resolution of certain monomial algebras which includes toric rings. Concretely, we explicitly describe how the graded minimal free resolution of those algebras is related to the combinatorics of some simplicial complexes. Our description may be interpreted as an algorithmic procedure to partially compute this resolution.Comment: 20 pages, this work was presented as a poster at the 'International Conference on Commutative, Combinatorial and Computational Algebra in Honour of Pilar Pison Casares' Seville, February 11 - 16, 2008. http://departamento.us.es/da/actividades/ciaccc.ht

Deriving the Dynamical Masses of Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources with OSIRIS

Ultra Luminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) are extragalactic X-ray point sources with LX ∼ 1039 − 1041 erg s−1 discovered in the 80s with the Einstein satellite and confirmed as black hole X-ray binaries during the last decade. The nature of the compact object is highly controversial. They could be super-Eddington stellar-mass black holes or intermediate mass black holes. Deriving dynamical masses of the brightest ULXs, which can be done with OSIRIS, is the only way to find out the nature of the compact object.Las ULXs (del acrónimo inglés Ultra Luminous X-ray sources) son fuentes de rayos X puntuales extragalácticas con LX ∼ 1039−1041 erg s−1 descubiertas en los 80 con el satélite Einstein. En la última década se ha confirmado que son binarias de rayos X con agujero negro. Hay mucha controversia sobre la naturaleza del objeto compacto. Podría tratarse de un agujero negro de masa estelar acretando en el régimen super-Eddington, o un agujero negro de masa intermedia. El único método para poder dilucidar la naturaleza de dichos objetos es mediante la determinación de las masas dinámicas de estos sistemas, tarea que se puede realizar con OSIRIS

Conserved developmental expression of Fezf in chordates and Drosophila and the origin of the Zona Limitans Intrathalamica (ZLI) brain organizer

Background: The zona limitans intrathalamica (ZLI) and the isthmus organizer (IsO) are two major secondary organizers of vertebrate brain development. These organizers are located at the interface of the expression domains of key patterning genes (Fezf-Irx and Otx-Gbx, respectively). To gain insights into the evolutionary origin of the ZLI, we studied Fezf in bilaterians. Results: In this paper, we identified a conserved sequence motif (Fezf box) in all bilaterians. We report the expression pattern of Fezf in amphioxus and Drosophila and compare it with those of Gbx, Otx and Irx. We found that the relative expression patterns of these genes in vertebrates are fully conserved in amphioxus and flies, indicating that the genetic subdivisions defining the location of both secondary organizers in early vertebrate brain development were probably present in the last common ancestor of extant bilaterians. However, in contrast to vertebrates, we found that Irx-defective flies do not show an affected Fezf expression pattern. Conclusions: The absence of expression of the corresponding morphogens from cells at these conserved genetic boundaries in invertebrates suggests that the organizing properties might have evolved specifically in the vertebrate lineage by the recruitment of key morphogens to these conserved genetic locations

Assesment of the QuickSee wavefront autorefractor for characterizing refractive errors in school-age children

Purpose To assess the performance of an open-view binocular handheld aberrometer (QuickSee) for diagnosing refractive errors in children. Methods 123 school-age children (9.9 ± 3.3 years) with moderate refractive error underwent autorefraction (AR) with a standard desktop device and subjective refraction (SR), with or without cycloplegia to determine their eyeglass prescription. Measurements with QuickSee (QS) were taken in 62 of these patients without cycloplegia (NC), and in 61 under cycloplegia (C). Differences in refraction values (AR vs SR vs QS) as well as the visual acuity (VA) achieved by the patients with each method (QS vs SR) were used to evaluate the performance of the device in measuring refractive error. Results The spherical equivalent refraction obtained by QS agreed within 0.5 D of the SR in 71% (NC) and 70% (C) of the cases. Agreement between the desktop autorefractor and SR for the same threshold was of 61% (NC) and 77% (C). VA resulting from QS refractions was equal to or better than that achieved by SR procedure in 77% (NC) and 74% (C) of the patients. Average improvement in VA with the QS refractions was of 8.6 and 13.4 optotypes for the NC and C groups respectively, while the SR procedure provided average improvements of 8.9 (NC) and 14.8 (C) optotypes. Conclusions The high level of agreement between QuickSee and subjective refraction together with the VA improvement achieved in both study groups using QuickSee refractions suggest that the device is a useful autorefraction tool for school-age children.Eduardo Lage is funded by the Ramon y Cajal program from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitivity (RYC-2016- 21125). Pablo Perez-Merino was funded by the Juan de la Cierva program from the same Ministry (FJCI-2015-27101). Carlos S. Hernandez and Andrea Gil are funded by the Madrid Regional Government through IND2019/TIC-17116 grant PlenOptika Inc. provided support in the form of salaries for authors AG, MR, CSH, IC, SD, and DL, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and decision to publish