Evolución de la diversidad productiva en Argentina: análisis comparativo a nivel de áreas económicas locales entre 1996 y 2015

Existe consenso sobre el rol dela diversificación productiva en promover el cambio estructural, incentivarla realización de actividades más dinámicas o complejas, generar externalidades positivas y disminuir la vulnerabilidad de los territorios. Este trabajo constituye un primer aporte para analizar el grado de diversidad productiva y su evolución en Argentina, a partir de datos de empleo registrado de 85 Áreas Económicas Locales (AEL) entre 1996 y 2015. Los resultados indican que la estructura económica transita desde 1996 un proceso de especialización productiva. Sin embargo, del análisis a nivel de AEL se desprende la existencia de dos procesos de carácter acumulativo: las AEL de menor tamaño e inicialmente muy especializadas se diversifican a lo largo del período; las AEL de mayor tamaño y diversidad inicial tienden a especializarse.There is consensus on the role of productive diversification in promoting structural change, encouraging more dynamic or complex activities, generating positive externalities and diminishing the grade of vulnerability of the regions. This work is a first approach to the analysis of the grade of productive diversity and its evolution in Argentina, using data of registered employment from 85 Local Economic Areas (LEA) from 1996 to 2015. Results indicate that economic structure transits a process of productive specialization since 1996. However, an area-level analysis evidences the existence of two cumulative processes: smaller and initially very specialized LEAs tend to diversify while the biggest and most diversified areas do the opposite.Fil: Rotondo, Sebastián. Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social. Observatorio de Empleo y Dinámica Empresarial; Argentina.Fil: Calá, Carla Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Llorente, Leandro. Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social. Observatorio de Empleo y Dinámica Empresarial; Argentina

Departamento Rosario Vera Peñaloza: un camino de organización y articulación popular

EEA La RiojaFil: Llorente, Gonzalo. Cáritas; ArgentinaFil: Moyano, María Ester. Asociación Kölping Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Mena, Ramiro. Asociación de Emprendedores Chepes La Rioja (A.E.Che.La.R.); ArgentinaFil: Mendez, Carla Rebeca. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Rioja. Agencia de Extensión Rural Chepes; Argentin

Métodos utilizados para potenciar el aprendizaje de niños, niñas y jóvenes con trastorno del espectro autismo : un estado del arte

Tesis (Psicopedagogo, Licenciado en Educación)La situación de autismo implica una problemática de índole social, que trae aparejado escasas habilidades lingüísticas y dificultades en relaciones interpersonales, con el tiempo el autismo mutó a trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), debido a la transversalidad etaria y las diversas características que pueden tener niños, niñas y jóvenes. La inclusión educativa de las personas con trastorno del espectro autista, en Chile está en vías de desarrollo, aunque se cuenta con agentes que se encargan de garantizar el cumplimiento de las leyes, en los ámbitos educativos se evidencia una falencia en métodos para trabajar al interior del aula regular. Por ende, para efectos de este proceso investigativo bibliográfico se realizó un estado del arte que incluye un análisis crítico y descriptivo de ciertos métodos para trabajar con niños TEA, los cuales fueron clasificados en criterios, con el fin de poder concluir que la gran mayoría de los métodos que existen tienen el objetivo de potenciar a los niños, niñas y jóvenes extracurricularmente. Los psicopedagogos(as) tienen la facultad para acompañar el proceso de aplicación del método, es importante mencionar, que las contribuciones de la labor psicopedagógica hacen referencia a tener las herramientas, para trabajar con métodos constructivistas al interior del aula regularThe autism´s situation implies a social problem, which entails few linguistic skills and difficulties in interpersonal relationships, over time autism mutated autism spectrum disorder (ASD), due to age transversality and the various characteristics that can have children and young people. In Chile the educational inclusion of people with autism spectrum disorder is in the process. Chile has agents that are responsible for certain compliance with the laws, however, in educational settings there is a flaw in methods for work inside a regular classroom. Therefore, for the purposes of this bibliographic research process, a state of the art was carried out that includes a critical and descriptive analysis of certain methods for working with ASD children, which were classified, in order to conclude that the majority of existing methods have the objective of empowering children and young people extracurricularly. Psychopedagogues have the power to join the process applying the method, it is important to mention that the contributions of the psycho-pedagogical work refer to having the tools, to work with constructivist methods within a regular classroo

Patients' and physicians' preferences for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatments in Spain and Portugal: a discrete choice experiment

Objective To assess Spanish and Portuguese patients’ and physicians’ preferences regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatments and the monthly willingness to pay (WTP) to gain benefits or avoid side effects. Methods An observational, multicenter, exploratory study focused on routine clinical practice in Spain and Portugal. Physicians were recruited from multiple hospitals and outpatient clinics, while patients were recruited from eleven centers operating in the public health care system in different autonomous communities in Spain and Portugal. Preferences were measured via a discrete choice experiment by rating multiple T2DM medication attributes. Data were analyzed using the conditional logit model. Results Three-hundred and thirty (n=330) patients (49.7% female; mean age 62.4 [SD: 10.3] years, mean T2DM duration 13.9 [8.2] years, mean body mass index 32.5 [6.8] kg/m2, 41.8% received oral + injected medication, 40.3% received oral, and 17.6% injected treatments) and 221 physicians from Spain and Portugal (62% female; mean age 41.9 [SD: 10.5] years, 33.5% endocrinologists, 66.5% primary-care doctors) participated. Patients valued avoiding a gain in bodyweight of 3 kg/6 months (WTP: €68.14 [95% confidence interval: 54.55–85.08]) the most, followed by avoiding one hypoglycemic event/month (WTP: €54.80 [23.29–82.26]). Physicians valued avoiding one hypoglycemia/week (WTP: €287.18 [95% confidence interval: 160.31–1,387.21]) the most, followed by avoiding a 3 kg/6 months gain in bodyweight and decreasing cardiovascular risk (WTP: €166.87 [88.63–843.09] and €154.30 [98.13–434.19], respectively). Physicians and patients were willing to pay €125.92 (73.30–622.75) and €24.28 (18.41–30.31), respectively, to avoid a 1% increase in glycated hemoglobin, and €143.30 (73.39–543.62) and €42.74 (23.89–61.77) to avoid nausea. Conclusion Both patients and physicians in Spain and Portugal are willing to pay for the health benefits associated with improved diabetes treatment, the most important being to avoid hypoglycemia and gaining weight. Decreased cardiovascular risk and weight reduction became the third most valued attributes for physicians and patients, respectively

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la patologia urgente del colon izquierdo

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la morbilidad y mortalidad postoperatoria tras la aplicación de un protocolo terapéutico en los pacientes intervenidos de urgencia por patología del colon izquierdo. Como primera opción se practicó el Lavado Anterogrado Peroperatorio en todas las lesiones del colon izquierdo que precisaron intervención urgente. En lesiones irresecables, peritonitis fecaloidea, deterioro del estado general o lesiones asociadas en el resto del colon. se aplicaron otras opciones: la colostomía de descarga, la operación de Hartmann o la colectomía subtotal. Se practicaron 127 resecciones urgentes del colon izquierdo. En 56 casos se optó por la operación de Hartmann. en 38 por la colectomía subtotal y en 33 por el lAP. La complicación más frecuente fue la sepsis abdominal (29%). La mortalidad operatoria global fue del 24%. 390Ai para la operación de Hartmann. 16% para la colectomía subtotal y 6% para el LAP. El LAP es la intervención de elección en aquellos pacientes con buen estado general que presentan patología urgente del colon izquierdo sin peritonitis fecaloidea. ni lesión irreversible del colon derecho

Renovación y mejora curricular del máster oficial "La enseñanza de español como lengua extranjera”

Memoria ID-061. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2019-2020

Virtualización de pruebas de nivel en la docencia de ELE

Memoria ID-0015. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Liver CPT1A gene therapy reduces diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice and highlights potential lipid biomarkers for human NAFLD

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased drastically due to the global obesity pandemic but at present there are no approved therapies. Here, we aimed to revert high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and NAFLD in mice by enhancing liver fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Moreover, we searched for potential new lipid biomarkers for monitoring liver steatosis in humans. We used adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver a permanently active mutant form of human carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (hCPT1AM), the key enzyme in FAO, in the liver of a mouse model of HFD-induced obesity and NAFLD. Expression of hCPT1AM enhanced hepatic FAO and autophagy, reduced liver steatosis, and improved glucose homeostasis. Lipidomic analysis in mice and humans before and after therapeutic interventions, such as hepatic AAV9-hCPT1AM administration and RYGB surgery, respectively, led to the identification of specific triacylglyceride (TAG) specie (C50:1) as a potential biomarker to monitor NAFFLD disease. To sum up, here we show for the first time that liver hCPT1AM gene therapy in a mouse model of established obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD can reduce HFD-induced derangements. Moreover, our study highlights TAG (C50:1) as a potential noninvasive biomarker that might be useful to monitor NAFLD in mice and humans

Identifying future research directions for biodiversity, ecosystem services and sustainability: perspectives from early-career researchers

We aimed to identify priority research questions in the field of biodiversity, ecosystem services and sustainability (BESS), based on a workshop held during the NRG BESS Conference for Early Career Researchers on BESS, and to compare these to existing horizon scanning exercises. This work highlights the need for improved data availability through collaboration and knowledge exchange, which, in turn, can support the integrated valuation and sustainable management of ecosystems in response to global change. In addition, clear connectivity among different research themes in this field further emphasizes the need to consider a wider range of topics simultaneously to ensure the sustainable management of ecosystems for human wellbeing. In contrast to other horizon scanning exercises, our focus was more interdisciplinary and more concerned with the limits of sustainability and dynamic relationships between social and ecological systems. The identified questions could provide a framework for researchers, policy makers, funding agencies and the private sector to advance knowledge in biodiversity and ES research and to develop and implement policies to enable sustainable future development

Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions

In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This is due to their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, thereby influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and parent cells. While intensive investigation has targeted the role of EVs in different pathological processes, for example, in cancer and autoimmune diseases, the EV-mediated maintenance of homeostasis and the regulation of physiological functions have remained less explored. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the physiological roles of EVs, which has been written by crowd-sourcing, drawing on the unique EV expertise of academia-based scientists, clinicians and industry based in 27 European countries, the United States and Australia. This review is intended to be of relevance to both researchers already working on EV biology and to newcomers who will encounter this universal cell biological system. Therefore, here we address the molecular contents and functions of EVs in various tissues and body fluids from cell systems to organs. We also review the physiological mechanisms of EVs in bacteria, lower eukaryotes and plants to highlight the functional uniformity of this emerging communication system