Estudo da Sensibilização aos Aeroalergenos Phl p 1, Phl p 5, Ole e 1 e Ole e 2 em Doentes com Patologia Alérgica Sazonal

Estudo da Sensibilização aos Aeroalergenos Phl p 1, Phl p 5, Ole e 1 e Ole e 2 em Doentes com Patologia Alérgica Sazonal Cátia Coelho2, Elsa Caeiro2,4, Maria Luísa Lopes1, Ana Filipa Lopes3, Raquel Ferro2, José Eduardo Moreira3, Célia Antunes3,4, Rui Brandão4,5 1Hospital de Santa Luzia, Elvas, Portugal; 2Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clínica (SPAIC), Lisboa, Portugal; 3Departamento de Química, Universidade de Évora, Portugal; 4Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, Portugal; 5 Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Évora, Portugal Introdução: A sensibilização aos pólenes depende de vários factores nomeadamente do tipo de vegetação local e sabe-se que a sintomatologia não está apenas associada à exposição aos pólens mas também a partículas, algumas das quais resultantes da rotura dos grãos de pólen sendo posteriormente aerossolizadas. Objectivos: Relacionar a sensibilização de doentes com a concentração polínica atmosférica e a concentração de alguns dos respectivos aerolergenos. Métodos: Das consultas externas de Imunoalergologia dos hospitais de Évora e Elvas seleccionaram-se doentes que apresentavam queixas sazonais de rinite alérgica e asma brônquica, aos quais foram realizados testes cutâneos em Prick, standardizados, aos pólenes identificados na região. A 55 doentes foram realizados testes ao extracto de Phleum, aos seus alergénios Phl p 1 e Phl p 5, bem como aos extractos das restantes gramíneas e a 47 doentes foram realizados testes ao extracto de Olea, aos seus alergénios Ole e 1 e Ole e 2. Monitorizaram-se diariamente as partículas polínicas e os aeroalergenos mediante 2 colectores específicos para cada tipo. Resultados: A percentagem de doentes que é sensível aos 3 extractos de Phleum (Phleum total, Phl p 1 e Phl p 5) é de 51% , a dos que são sensíveis aos extractos de Phleum total e Phl p 1 é de 16 % e a dos que são sensíveis a Phleum total e Phl p5 é de 2%. A percentagem de doentes que é sensível a somente um dos extractos é de 20% e os que não têm qualquer sensibilidade são 11%. A percentagem de doentes que é sensível aos 3 extractos de Olea (Olea total, Ole e 1 e Ole e 2) é de 23%, a dos que são sensíveis à Olea total e Ole e 1 é de 21 % e a dos que são sensíveis à Olea total e Ole e 2 é de apenas 4%. A percentagem dos que são sensíveis a um dos extractos é de 19% e a dos que não apresentaram qualquer sensibilidade é de 32%. Conclusões: Podemos concluir que 89% dos doentes mostraram ser sensíveis aos alergénios da gramínea Phleum pratense pois mostraram positividade tanto ao extracto de Phleum e/ou aos seus alergénios Phl p 1 e Phl p 5. Em relação à oliveira, 44% dos doentes são alérgicos a este pólen pois são sensíveis ao seu alergénio major, Ole e 1. Em ambos os casos estão correlacionados com os aeroalergenos detectados nas amostras de ar, sendo a sensibilidade aos pólenes de gramíneas maior que a sensibilidade ao pólen de oliveira. Mais estudos devem ser realizados para despiste de reacções cruzadas nomeadamente quanto à Olea com outras plantas da região

Paedomorphic facial expressions give dogs a selective advantage

How wolves were first domesticated is unknown. One hypothesis suggests that wolves underwent a process of self-domestication by tolerating human presence and taking advantage of scavenging possibilities. The puppy-like physical and behavioural traits seen in dogs are thought to have evolved later, as a byproduct of selection against aggression. Using speed of selection from rehoming shelters as a proxy for artificial selection, we tested whether paedomorphic features give dogs a selective advantage in their current environment. Dogs who exhibited facial expressions that enhance their neonatal appearance were preferentially selected by humans. Thus, early domestication of wolves may have occurred not only as wolf populations became tamer, but also as they exploited human preferences for paedomorphic characteristics. These findings, therefore, add to our understanding of early dog domestication as a complex co-evolutionary process

Airborne Grass Pollen and Ambient Phl p 5 Aeroallergen in Évora (south Portugal), 2009-2011

lhese resuíts show that Phl p 5 is prelerenlially associated with pollen grains, allhough a small percentage may also be lound in smaller partiele sizes. lt was recorded a yearly varialion in airlJorne pollen and Phl p 5. The highest polency pollen was recorded in 2009 bul the highesl load ln aeroallergen was registered in 2011. ln conclusion, aeroallergen quantification together wilh airborne pollen counts, may contribute to a betier understanding 01 lhe exposure leveis lo airlJome pollen allergens

Ambient Ole e 1 Aeroallergen and Pollen Counts of Olea europaea L. from 2009 until 2011 in Évora (South Portugal)

These resulls show thal Ole e 1 is preferenlially associaled wilh pollen grains, allhough a small percenlage may also be found in submicronic particies. It was recorded a yeariy variation in airborne pollen and Ole e1. The highesl polency pollen and the highesl allergen index were recorded in 2010, a season wllh lhe lowesl pollen index. ln conclusion, aeroallergen quanlification may contribute togelher with airbome pollen counts, to a betler understanding 01 lhe exposure leveis lo airbome pollen allergens. Acknowledgments: This study is integraled in the European project HIALlNE (Executive Agency for Health and Consumers, grant agreemenl No 20081107

Relationship between frequency of AU101 and days before re-homing in the dog shelter.

<p>Curved line shows the power estimation.</p

Example of facial movement AU101 (inner brow raiser) in a domestic dog (Rhodesian Ridgeback, not a subject in the study), increasing the height and overall size of the orbital cavity (eye): A) neutral on right side of face, B) AU101 on right side of face.

<p>Example of facial movement AU101 (inner brow raiser) in a domestic dog (Rhodesian Ridgeback, not a subject in the study), increasing the height and overall size of the orbital cavity (eye): A) neutral on right side of face, B) AU101 on right side of face.</p

Regression statistics (power curve fit) between AU101 and the number of days before re-homing, showing unstandardised co-efficients (B) and the associated standard error (SE B), standardised co-efficients (β) and significance values (P).

<p>Regression statistics (power curve fit) between AU101 and the number of days before re-homing, showing unstandardised co-efficients (B) and the associated standard error (SE B), standardised co-efficients (β) and significance values (P).</p

Wexler’s agreement calculations for the behavioural coding.

<p>Wexler’s agreement calculations for the behavioural coding.</p

Relationship between behaviours exhibited during the 2-homing.

<p>Relationship between behaviours exhibited during the 2-homing.</p

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved