Funcionalización covalente y selectiva de grafeno en ultra alto vacío

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada. Fecha de lectura: 22-03-2018Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 22-09-201

SWATH Differential Abundance Proteomics and Cellular Assays Show In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Arachidonic Acid- and Docosahexaenoic Acid-Based Monoacylglycerols in HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and mortal types of cancer. There is increasing evidence that some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exercise specific inhibitory actions on cancer cells through different mechanisms, as a previous study on CRC cells demonstrated for two very long-chain PUFA. These were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n6) in the free fatty acid (FFA) form. In this work, similar design and technology have been used to investigate the actions of both DHA and ARA as monoacylglycerol (MAG) molecules, and results have been compared with those obtained using the corresponding FFA. Cell assays revealed that ARA- and DHA-MAG exercised dose- and time-dependent antiproliferative actions, with DHA-MAG acting on cancer cells more efficiently than ARA-MAG. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH)—mass spectrometry massive quantitative proteomics, validated by parallel reaction monitoring and followed by pathway analysis, revealed that DHA-MAG had a massive effect in the proteasome complex, while the ARA-MAG main effect was related to DNA replication. Prostaglandin synthesis also resulted as inhibited by DHA-MAG. Results clearly demonstrated the ability of both ARA- and DHA-MAG to induce cell death in colon cancer cells, which suggests a direct relationship between chemical structure and antitumoral actions

Narrativas estudiantiles sobre la incidencia de la privación intencional del teléfono móvil en la atención y ansiedad en la ejecución de una tarea académica desarrollada en el aula

La implementación de las nuevas tecnologías, se han convertido en un elemento fundamental para la socialización en las nuevas generaciones. Esto ha generado un cambio y ha tenido repercusiones tanto positivas como negativas en el sujeto. Por esto, la siguiente investigación, tiene como objetivo identificar las narrativas de dos grupos de estudiantes, a propósito de la incidencia de la privación del teléfono celular en los indicadores de atención y ansiedad en la realización de tareas académicas en el aula de clase. Este proceso investigativo es de corte mixto con predominancia cualitativa, en donde se aplicó el test de atención D2, el cuestionario de ansiedad STAI, una tarea académica y un grupo de discusión. Contó con 73 estudiantes de la facultad de Psicología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana entre un rango de edad de 18 a 23 años, lo cuales se dividieron en dos grupos, control y experimental, para poder mantener un mayor control de las variables. La muestra total obtuvo resultados bajos de atención, un 85%. La prueba de ansiedad marcó un 82% en el grupo experimental, y en el de control 52%. Por otro lado, dentro del grupo de discusión se reportó que el celular sí es un elemento que afecta la atención de los estudiantes dentro del aula de clase, mientras que este dispositivo no se es identificado como incidente en la ansiedad de los mismos.The implementation of the technologies for information and communication has become a fundamental element for socialization in new generations. These technologies generate several changes and repercussions in positive and negative ways. The following research s purpose is to identify the narratives of two groups of students about the impact of the deprivation of the cell phone in the indicators of attention and anxiety, while performing Narrativas estudiantiles sobre la incidencia de la privación intencional del teléfono móvil en la atención y ansiedad en la ejecución de una tarea académica desarrollada en el aula.Psicólogo (a)Pregrad

Aceite de Borago morisiana rico en ácido gamma linolénico, composición y usos del mismo

Publication number: ES2586731 A1 (18.10.2016) Also published as: ES2586731 B2 (24.03.2017) Application number: 201500301 (15.04.2015)La presente invención versa sobre ácido gamma-linolénico (GLA, 18:3n-6), un ácido graso beneficioso para la salud perteneciente la familia omega-6. Se propone y protege el uso del aceite extraído de las semillas de Borago morisiana, perteneciente a la familia Boraginaceae. Este aceite contendría GLA en el intervalo 23,0-27,0 en porcentaje con respecto al total de ácidos grasos en la materia grasa. Se reivindica su uso como suplemento alimenticio humano y animal, como cosmético o en formulaciones farmacéuticas como suplemento nutricional para el tratamiento de enfermedades producidas por deficiencias de ácidos grasos esenciales.Universidad de Almerí

Microstructure and indentation hardness study of CAE-PVD (Cr,Ti,Al)N solid solution coatings deposited using a combinatorial multitarget approach

In this study we have analysed the indentation hardness and modulus of cathodic arc deposited CrTiAlN coatings as a function of the stoichiometric variables Ti/Cr, Al content and cation mix. The coatings have been prepared using a combinatorial cathode composition approach, leading up to 14 different stoichiometries produced in 5 batches. The coatings have been inspected by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation techniques. The coatings develop crystalline structures compatible with solid solutions of face-centered cubic unit cells for all the compositions produced. Such unit cells exhibited a downwards lattice parameter dependency on the aluminum concentration of the coatings (from 0.417 nm down to 0.413 nm). The indentation hardness as a function of the Ti/Cr is compatible with other previous studies reported. The films hardnesses and moduli also increase as the aluminum concentration increases (21 GPa up to 34 GPa). Both indentation responses upon Ti/Cr and Al are attributed to solid solution strengthening. However in order to prove this statement, the indentation hardness and modulus were studied as a function of the mixing term of the cations, as this term is well representative of the solid solution compositional map. The observed results unambiguously evidence that the solid solution strengthening effect is confirmed on the basis of the dependency between the indentation hardness and the so called degree of mixing.This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain through the project PGC2018-096855-A-C44. The authors also acknowledge the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial (CDTI) for the support of the excellence program CERVERA through the project CER2019-1003

Versatile Graphene-Based Platform for Robust Nanobiohybrid Interfaces

Technologically useful and robust graphene-based interfaces for devices require the introduction of highly selective, stable, and covalently bonded functionalities on the graphene surface, whilst essentially retaining the electronic properties of the pristine layer. This work demonstrates that highly controlled, ultrahigh vacuum covalent chemical functionalization of graphene sheets with a thiol-terminated molecule provides a robust and tunable platform for the development of hybrid nanostructures in different environments. We employ this facile strategy to covalently couple two representative systems of broad interest: metal nanoparticles, via S-metal bonds, and thiol-modified DNA aptamers, via disulfide bridges. Both systems, which have been characterized by a multi-technique approach, remain firmly anchored to the graphene surface even after several washing cycles. Atomic force microscopy images demonstrate that the conjugated aptamer retains the functionality required to recognize a target protein. This methodology opens a new route to the integration of high-quality graphene layers into diverse technological platforms, including plasmonics, optoelectronics, or biosensing. With respect to the latter, the viability of a thiol-functionalized chemical vapor deposition graphene-based solution-gated field-effect transistor array was assessed

More than one HMG-CoA Lyase: The classical mitochondrial enzyme plus the peroxisomal and the cytosolic ones

There are three human enzymes with HMG-CoA lyase activity that are able to synthesize ketone bodies in different subcellular compartments. The mitochondrial HMG-CoA lyase was the first to be described, and catalyzes the cleavage of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA to acetoacetate and acetyl-CoA, the common final step in ketogenesis and leucine catabolism. This protein is mainly expressed in the liver and its function is metabolic, since it produces ketone bodies as energetic fuels when glucose levels are low. Another isoform is encoded by the same gene for the mitochondrial HMG-CoA lyase (HMGCL), but it is located in peroxisomes. The last HMG-CoA lyase to be described is encoded by a different gene, HMGCLL1, and is located in the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Some activity assays and tissue distribution of this enzyme have shown the brain and lung as key tissues for studying its function. Although the roles of the peroxisomal and cytosolic HMG-CoA lyases remain unknown, recent studies highlight the role of ketone bodies in metabolic remodeling, homeostasis, and signaling, providing new insights into the molecular and cellular function of these enzymes

Implementación del método de escasez en la determinación de la huella hídrica en la zona costera de San Blas, México

Context: Water is essential for life and conservation of water quality is vital. The amount of fresh water on earth is limited and its quality is subject to constant pressure. This problem makes it necessary to present tools that allow quantifying the possible impacts generated by human activities in this resource. Therefore, this research determines the water footprint in the coastal area of San Blas, Mexico. Method: This work estimates the water footprint in the coastal area of he municipality of San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico, according to the method of water scarcity that occurs when demand exceeds the supply of fresh water in a given area. This method considers the water stress index in its calculation. Results: The result shows that the water footprint to quantify the total volume of water used by the inhabitants is less than the national average. In this way, the study area does not present water stress, since the extraction of water has not exceeded its availability. Conclusions: The water footprint by the scarcity method can be considered as an indicator of the proportion of annual withdrawals and water availability; It allows comparisons of the pressure to which the water resource is subjected between zones, regions and countries. In addition, it can contribute to the planning of the distribution and management of water in agricultural and urban use, in regions such as this study, where the area of agricultural use exceeds 35%. The estimation of the water footprint presented in this work considers the relationship between the extraction of fresh water for human use and its total water availability in a given region (WSI), the volume distributed and the percentage of drinking water coverage of the area in study.Contexto: El agua es esencial para la vida y la conservación de su calidad es vital. La cantidad de agua dulce existente en la Tierra es limitada, y su calidad está sometida a una presión constante. Esta problemática hace necesario generar herramientas que permitan medir los impactos potenciales que causan las actividades humanas sobre el recurso hídrico. Por ello, esta investigación determina la huella hídrica en la zona costera de San Blas, México. Método: Este trabajo estima la huella de agua en la zona costera del municipio de San Blas, Nayarit (México), a partir del método de escasez de agua, que tiene lugar cuando la demanda supera el suministro de agua dulce en un área determinada. Este método considera el índice de estrés hídrico en su cálculo. Resultados: La huella de agua para cuantificar el volumen total del líquido utilizado por los habitantes resulta inferior al promedio nacional. De esta manera, la zona de estudio no presenta estrés hídrico, ya que la extracción de agua no ha superado su disponibilidad. Conclusiones: La huella hídrica por el método de escasez puede considerarse como un indicador de la proporción de extracciones anuales y disponibilidad de agua; permite realizar comparaciones de la presión a la que está sometido el recurso hídrico entre zonas, regiones y países. Además, puede contribuir a la planificación de la distribución y gestión del agua en uso agrícola y urbano, en regiones como este estudio, donde el área de uso agrícola supera el 35 %. La estimación de la huella hídrica presentada en este trabajo considera la relación entre la extracción de agua dulce para uso humano y su disponibilidad total de agua en una región dada (WSI), el volumen distribuido y el porcentaje de cobertura de agua potable del área en estudio

Límite. Ideación y postproducción de una serie de ciencia ficción fantástica para televisión

En aquest projecte es troben tots els documents necessaris per a la creació d'una sèrie de televisió. "Límite" pertany al subgènere de la ciència ficció fantàstica. Per aquesta raó s'ha dut a terme un estudi sobre el gènere de la ciència ficció i els seus subgèneres així com d'alguns referents que han servit d'inspiració. També s'ha realitzat una anàlisi de mercat, el guió del capítol pilot en dues versions de durades diferents, les sinopsis de tots els capítols de la primera temporada, el tractament audiovisual i tots els documents propis de la producció.En este proyecto se encuentran todos los documentos necesarios para la creación de una serie de televisión. Límite pertenece al subgénero de la ciencia ficción fantástica. Por esta razón se ha llevado a cabo un estudio sobre el género de la ciencia ficción y sus subgéneros así como de algunos referentes que han servido de inspiración. También se ha realizado un análisis de mercado, el guión del capítulo piloto en dos versiones de duraciones distintas, las sinopsis de todos los capítulos de la primera temporada, el tratamiento audiovisual y todos los documentos propios de la producción.In this project all the necessary documents for the creation of a television series can be found. "Límite" belongs to the subgenre of science fantasy. For this reason a study has been carried out on the genre of science fiction and its subgenres as well as some references that have served as inspiration. This Project also includes a market analysis, the script of the pilot chapter in two versions of different durations, the synopsis of all the chapters of the first season, the audiovisual treatment and all the documents of the productions