211 research outputs found
Clinical decision support improves physician guideline adherence for laboratory monitoring of chronic kidney disease: a matched cohort study
Sample graph page of relevant test results. (PDF 289Â kb
Electrified Fuzzy Spheres and Funnels in Curved Backgrounds
We use the non-Abelian DBI action to study the dynamics of coincident
-branes in an arbitrary curved background, with the presence of a
homogenous world-volume electric field. The solutions are natural extensions of
those without electric fields, and imply that the spheres will collapse toward
zero size. We then go on to consider the intersection in a curved
background and find various dualities and automorphisms of the general
equations of motion. It is possible to map the dynamical equation of motion to
the static one via Wick rotation, however the additional spatial dependence of
the metric prevents this mapping from being invertible. Instead we find that a
double Wick rotation leaves the static equation invariant. This is very
different from the behaviour in Minkowski space. We go on to construct the most
general static fuzzy funnel solutions for an arbitrary metric either by solving
the static equations of motion, or by finding configurations which minimise the
energy. As a consistency check we construct the Abelian -brane world-volume
theory in the same generic background and find solutions consistent with energy
minimisation. In the 5-brane background we find time dependent solutions to
the equations of motion, representing a time dependent fuzzy funnel. These
solutions match those obtained from the -string picture to leading order
suggesting that the action in the large limit does not need corrections. We
conclude by generalising our solutions to higher dimensional fuzzy funnels.Comment: 38 pages, Latex; references adde
Gender Difference or Parallel Publics? The Dynamics of Defense Spending Opinions in the United States, 1965-2007
Gender is now recognized as an important dividing line in American political life, and
scholars have accumulated evidence that national security issues are an important
reason for gender differences in policy preferences. We therefore expect that the
dynamics of support for defense spending among men and women will differ. In
contrast, several scholars have shown that population subgroups exhibit a ‘‘parallel’’
dynamic in which the evolution of their preferences over time is very similar, despite
differences in the average level of support. Unfortunately, there is little time series
evidence on gendered reactions to policy, including defense spending, that would
allow one to arbitrate between these competing perspectives. In this research note,
we assemble a time series of support for defense spending among men and women
and model the determinants of that support for the period 1967–2007. We find that
women are on average less supportive of defense spending than are men. However,
we also find that the over time variation of support for defense spending among men
and women is very similar—each is conditioned principally by the past year’s change
in defense spending and occasionally by war casualties and a trade-off between
defense and civilian spending
Dynamics and stability of the Godel universe
We use covariant techniques to describe the properties of the Godel universe
and then consider its linear response to a variety of perturbations. Against
matter aggregations, we find that the stability of the Godel model depends
primarily upon the presence of gradients in the centrifugal energy, and
secondarily on the equation of state of the fluid. The latter dictates the
behaviour of the model when dealing with homogeneous perturbations. The
vorticity of the perturbed Godel model is found to evolve as in almost-FRW
spacetimes, with some additional directional effects due to shape distortions.
We also consider gravitational-wave perturbations by investigating the
evolution of the magnetic Weyl component. This tensor obeys a simple plane-wave
equation, which argues for the neutral stability of the Godel model against
linear gravity-wave distortions. The implications of the background rotation
for scalar-field Godel cosmologies are also discussed.Comment: Revised version, to match paper published in Class. Quantum Gra
Dependence and Imperialism in India
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69044/2/10.1177_048661347300500111.pd
Clinical decision support improves physician guideline adherence for laboratory monitoring of chronic kidney disease: a matched cohort study
2019 update of the WSES guidelines for management of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in surgical patients
In the last three decades, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased in incidence and severity in many countries worldwide. The increase in CDI incidence has been particularly apparent among surgical patients. Therefore, prevention of CDI and optimization of management in the surgical patient are paramount. An international multidisciplinary panel of experts from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) updated its guidelines for management of CDI in surgical patients according to the most recent available literature. The update includes recent changes introduced in the management of this infection.Peer reviewe
Dose of Prophylactic Platelet Transfusions and Prevention of Hemorrhage
We conducted a trial of prophylactic platelet transfusions to evaluate the effect of platelet dose on bleeding in patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia
Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)
Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs
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