ESTRATEGIAS EDUCATIVAS REMOTAS EN UN PROGRAMA DE RESIDENCIA MULTIPROFESIONAL EN MEDIO DE LA PANDEMIA DE CORONAVIRUS: UN INFORME DE EXPERIENCIA

Este artigo teve por objetivo descrever o processo de adaptação das atividades pedagógicas e implementação da estratégia de gamificação pelo Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Gestão de Políticas Públicas para a Saúde da Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Distrito Federal, frente às adversidades enfrentadas no cenário de pandemia pelo coronavírus. Trata-se do relato de experiência de residentes e preceptores quanto à implementação das atividades pedagógicas adaptadas para o ensino remoto síncrono emergencial, no período de abril a julho de 2020. Essas atividades foram realizadas por meio do método da gamificação, denominadas "Que a força esteja com o SUS!", e as ferramentas utilizadas foram o Google Classroom, Google Meet e o Instagram - consideradas tecnologias digitais de apoio. Nos encontros virtuais, abordaram-se temas diversos, como a avaliação de políticas públicas, competências para o gestor 4.0, gerenciamento de informação em saúde e gestão do cuidado. Foi possível identificar potencialidades e os desafios com a experiência da gamificação - engajamento de todos os membros do programa de residência; autonomia e protagonismo de residentes; necessidade de ajustes no planejamento e cronograma de atividades. O uso da gamificação mostrou-se positivo e satisfatório enquanto estratégia educacional para a formação e qualificação dos residentes, conferindo continuidade ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem em meio à pandemia pelo coronavírus.This article aimed to describe the adapted pedagogical process and the gamification strategy implementation by the Multiprofessional Residency Program in Public Health Policies Management at the School of Health Sciences of the Federal District, about the adversities faced in the coronavirus pandemic scenario. This is the report of the experience of residents and tutors regarding pedagogical activities implementation, adapted for emergency synchronous remote education, from April to July 2020. These activities were carried out using the gamification method, called "May the force be with SUS!", and the tools used were Google Classroom, Google Meet and Instagram - considered digital support technologies. In the virtual meetings, various topics were addressed, such as the evaluation of public policies, competencies for manager 4.0, health information and care management. It was possible to identify potentialities and challenges with the experience of gamification - all members of the residency program got involved; residents autonomy and protagonism; adjustments in the activities planning and schedule. The use of gamification proved to be positive and satisfactory as an educational strategy for residents training and qualification, giving continuity to the teaching-learning process in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic.Este artículo tuvo como objetivo describir el proceso de adaptación de las actividades pedagógicas y la implementación de la estrategia de gamificación por el Programa de Residencia Multiprofesional en Gestión de Políticas de Salud Pública en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud del Distrito Federal, frente a las adversidades enfrentadas en el escenario pandemia por coronavirus. Este es el informe de la experiencia de los residentes y tutores con respecto a la implementación de actividades pedagógicas adaptadas para la educación remota de emergencia, en el período de abril a julio de 2020. Estas actividades se llevaron a cabo utilizando el método de gamificación, llamado "Que la fuerza esté con SUS!", y cómo las herramientas utilizadas fueron Google Classroom, Google Meet e Instagram - tecnologías de soporte digital. En reuniones virtuales, abordamos varios temas, como la evaluación de políticas públicas, habilidades para el gerente 4.0, gestión de información de salud y gestión de la atención. Fue posible identificar potenciales y desafíos con la experiencia de gamificación: compromiso de todos los miembros del programa de residencia; autonomía y protagonismo de los residentes; necesidad de ajustes en la planificación y el cronograma de actividades. El uso de la gamificación resultó ser positivo y satisfactorio como estrategia educativa para la capacitación y calificación de los residentes, proporcionando el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en medio de la pandemia de coronavirus

Staphylococcus saprophyticus Recovered from Humans, Food, and Recreational Waters in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an important agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) in young women, but information about this pathogen in human microbiota and in common environment is lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize S. saprophyticus isolates from genitoanal microbiota of 621 pregnant women, 10 minas cheese packs, and five beaches in Rio de Janeiro city and compare PFGE profiles of these isolates with five UTI PFGE clusters described in this city. We investigated 65 S. saprophyticus isolates from microbiota, 13 from minas cheese, and 30 from beaches and 32 UTI isolates. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by disk diffusion, MIC by agar dilution, and PCR. Erythromycin-resistance genes erm(C), msr(A), msr(B), mph(C), and lin(A) were found in 93% of isolates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance correlated with dfrG or dfrA genes. Three cefoxitin-resistant isolates carried the mecA gene. All isolates obtained from cheese were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents. Six of 10 pregnant women with >1 isolate had monoclonal colonization. Isolates from pregnant women shared 100% similarity with UTI PFGE cluster types A and E obtained almost 10 years previously, suggesting temporal persistence of S. saprophyticus. Antimicrobial resistance of beach isolates reflected the profiles of human isolates. Taken together, results indicate a shared source for human and environmental isolates

Relação de parasitose em crianças e o consumo de água não tratada

As parasitoses são doenças cujos agentes etiológicos localizam-se no sistema digestório (principalmente intestinal), ocorrendo, sobretudo, em crianças em idade pré-escolar, em áreas de saneamento básico e higiene carentes. Objetivo: identificação da relação entre parasitoses em crianças e o consumo de água não tratada, bem como a falta de saneamento básico. Metodologia: revisão sistemática da literatura, a partir de buscas nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram aplicados e possibilitaram selecionar 13 artigos para compor a amostra de estudo. Resultados: As condições higiênicas, sanitárias e de moradias são fatores que contribuem para a prevalência de parasitoses, de modo predominante nas crianças. As parasitoses se tornam um risco maior em crianças em condições de vulnerabilidade social e com vivência em lugares com aglomeração, como creches, escolas e orfanatos. Após tratamento e atividades de educação em saúde, o número de infecções parasitárias reduziu. Cerca de 36% da população brasileira têm algum tipo de parasitose intestinal, sendo que 55,3% são crianças. É importante ressaltar que a soroprevalência varia de acordo com a população-alvo, região estudada e métodos diagnósticos empregados. Conclusão: A recorrência das parasitoses nas crianças está ligada ao acesso à água potável e ao saneamento básico, sendo a contaminação oral mais comum. Outrossim, o diagnóstico é feito por exame de fezes e o tratamento deve ter alta especificidade. Dessa forma, a prevenção, orientação, profilaxia e a conscientização da população são medidas que devem ser tomadas para diminuir o número de casos no Brasil

Wild dogs at stake: deforestation threatens the only Amazon endemic canid, the short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis)

The persistent high deforestation rate and fragmentation of the Amazon forests are the main threats to their biodiversity. To anticipate and mitigate these threats, it is important to understand and predict how species respond to the rapidly changing landscape. The short-eared dog Atelocynus microtis is the only Amazon-endemic canid and one of the most understudied wild dogs worldwide. We investigated short-eared dog habitat associations on two spatial scales. First, we used the largest record database ever compiled for short-eared dogs in combination with species distribution models to map species habitat suitability, estimate its distribution range and predict shifts in species distribution in response to predicted deforestation across the entire Amazon (regional scale). Second, we used systematic camera trap surveys and occupancy models to investigate how forest cover and forest fragmentation affect the space use of this species in the Southern Brazilian Amazon (local scale). Species distribution models suggested that the short-eared dog potentially occurs over an extensive and continuous area, through most of the Amazon region south of the Amazon River. However, approximately 30% of the short-eared dog's current distribution is expected to be lost or suffer sharp declines in habitat suitability by 2027 (within three generations) due to forest loss. This proportion might reach 40% of the species distribution in unprotected areas and exceed 60% in some interfluves (i.e. portions of land separated by large rivers) of the Amazon basin. Our local-scale analysis indicated that the presence of forest positively affected short-eared dog space use, while the density of forest edges had a negative effect. Beyond shedding light on the ecology of the short-eared dog and refining its distribution range, our results stress that forest loss poses a serious threat to the conservation of the species in a short time frame. Hence, we propose a re-assessment of the short-eared dog's current IUCN Red List status (Near Threatened) based on findings presented here. Our study exemplifies how data can be integrated across sources and modelling procedures to improve our knowledge of relatively understudied species

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Primary CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy in locally advanced breast cancer and its effect on gut and intratumoral microbiota : case report

Copyright © 2024 Vilhais, Alpuim Costa, Fontes-Sousa, Ribeiro, Martinho, Botelho de Sousa, Santos, Negreiros, Canastra, Borralho, Guia Pereira, Marçal, Germano Sousa, Chaleira, Rocha, Calhau and Faria. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Locally advanced breast cancer poses significant challenges to the multidisciplinary team, in particular with hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2-negative tumors that classically yield lower pathological complete responses with chemotherapy. The increasingly significant use of CDK 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) plus endocrine therapy (ET) in different breast cancer settings has led to clinical trials focusing on this strategy as a primary treatment, with promising results. The impact of the microbiota on cancer, and vice-versa, is an emerging topic in oncology. The authors report a clinical case of a postmenopausal female patient with an invasive breast carcinoma of the right breast, Luminal B-like, staged as cT4cN3M0 (IIIB). Since the lesion was considered primarily inoperable, the patient started letrozole and ribociclib. Following 6 months of systemic therapy, the clinical response was significant, and surgery with curative intent was performed. The final staging was ypT3ypN2aM0, R1, and the patient started adjuvant letrozole and radiotherapy. This case provides important insights on primary CDK4/6i plus ET in locally advanced unresectable HR+/HER2- breast cancer and its potential implications in disease management further ahead. The patient's gut microbiota was analyzed throughout the disease course and therapeutic approach, evidencing a shift in gut microbial dominance from Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and a loss of microbial diversity following 6 months of systemic therapy. The analysis of the intratumoral microbiota from the surgical specimen revealed high microbial dissimilarity between the residual tumor and respective margins.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of the bark and leaf extracts of <i>Brosimum gaudichaudii</i> Trécul against multidrug resistant strains

<p><i>Brosimum gaudichaudii</i> Trécul., a plant that belongs to <i>Moraceae</i> family, is found throughout the Brazilian Cerrado. The antimicrobial activities of ethanolic bark and leaf extracts of <i>B. gaudichaudii</i> were tested against multiresistant bacteria isolated from diabetic foot infections (DFIs). Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated by agar disc diffusion (DD) and broth dilution (BD) methods. By BD method, bark (53.85, 45.83%) and leaf (42.31, 50.00%) extracts contained antimicrobial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Increased antimicrobial activity was observed when bark and leaf extracts were tested against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (63.64%) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (66.67%). Statistical analyses of bark and leaf extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive (<i>p</i> = <i>0.000</i>) and gram-negative bacteria (<i>p</i> = <i>0.012</i>). Extract of bark (<i>p</i> = 0.075) or leaf (<i>p</i> = 0.005) associated with ACA antibiotic showed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria. Our study suggests that the bark and leaf extracts contain bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant strains.</p

β-Lapachone and its iodine derivatives cause cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-09-19T16:16:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias RB β-Lapachone and its iodine derivatives....pdf: 2988268 bytes, checksum: aeab6c882f448dc87da802639746154b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-09-19T16:30:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias RB β-Lapachone and its iodine derivatives....pdf: 2988268 bytes, checksum: aeab6c882f448dc87da802639746154b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T16:30:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias RB β-Lapachone and its iodine derivatives....pdf: 2988268 bytes, checksum: aeab6c882f448dc87da802639746154b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Brazilian Agencies, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB)Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFederal University of Bahia. Institute of Health Sciences. Department of Biomorphology. Salvador, BA, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Hospital São Rafael. Center of Biotechnology and Cell Therapy. Salvador, BA, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Medicine. Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine. Salvador, BA, BrazilUniversity of Campinas. School of Dentistry. Department of Oral Diagnosis. Piracicaba, SP, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Medicine. Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine. Salvador, BA, BrazilFederal Rural University of Pernambuco. Department of Chemistry. Recife, PE, BrazilFederal Rural University of Pernambuco. Department of Chemistry. Recife, PE, BrazilFederal University of Paraiba. Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory. João Pessoa, PB, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Laboratory of Oral Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry. Salvador, BA, Brazilβ-Lapachone is a natural naphthoquinone originally obtained from the bark of the purple Ipe (Tabebuia avellanedae Lor, Bignoniaceae) and its therapeutic potential in human cancer cells has been evaluated in several studies. In this study, we examined the effects of β-lapachone and its 3-iodine derivatives (3-I-α-lapachone and 3-I-β-lapachone) on cell proliferation, cell death, and cancer-related gene expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. β-Lapachone and its 3-iodine derivatives showed potent cytotoxicity against different types of human cancer cell lines. Indeed, treatment with these compounds induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and caused significant increases in phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-8 and -9 activation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptotic cell death morphology. The apoptosis induced by the compounds was prevented by pretreatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) and an antioxidant (N-acetyl-l-cysteine). In vivo, β-lapachone and its 3-iodine derivatives significantly reduced tumor burden and did not alter any of the biochemical, hematological, or histological parameters of the animals. Overall, β-lapachone and its 3-iodine derivatives showed promising cytotoxic activity due to their ability to induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and promote caspase- and ROS-mediated apoptosis. In addition, β-lapachone and its 3-iodine derivatives were able to suppress tumor growth in vivo, indicating that these compounds may be new antitumor drug candidates

Xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cell biocurative improves skin wounds healing in diabetic mice by increasing mast cells and the regenerative profile

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease and a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The hyperglycemia caused by DM induces micro and macrovascular complications that lead, among other consequences, to chronic wounds and amputations. Cell therapy and tissue engineering constitute recent therapeutic alternatives to improve wound healing in diabetic patients. The current study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of biocuratives containing human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) associated with a hydrogel matrix in the wound healing process and related inflammatory cell profile in diabetic mice. Methods: Biocuratives containing MSCs were constructed by 3D bioprinting, and applied to skin wounds on the back of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice. The healing process, after the application of biocuratives with or without MSCs was histologically analyzed. In parallel, genes related to growth factors, mast cells (MC), M1 and M2 macrophage profiles were evaluated by RT-PCR. Macrophages were characterized by flow cytometry, and MC by toluidine blue staining and flow cytometry. Results: Mice with T1D exhibited fewer skin MC and delayed wound healing when compared to the non-diabetic group. Treatment with the biocuratives containing MSCs accelerated wound healing and improved skin collagen deposition in diabetic mice. Increased TGF-β gene expression and M2 macrophage-related markers were also detected in skin of diabetic mice that received MSCs-containing biocuratives. Finally, MSCs upregulated IL-33 gene expression and augmented the number of MC in the skin of diabetic mice. Conclusion: These results reveal the therapeutic potential of biocuratives containing MSCs in the healing of skin wounds in diabetic mice, providing a scientific base for future treatments in diabetic patients