Perfil antigénico celular de cepas aisladas de Leptospira en León y Chinandega, Nicaragua

Objetivo. El siguiente trabajo se desarrollo con el objetivo de determinar los perfiles antigénicos celulares que sean reconocidos por el suero de personas vacunados con vax-SPIRAL® de cepas obtenidas de los departamentos de León y Chinandega. Métodos. Se analizaron cepas aisladas de hemocultivos tomadas de casos con sospecha clínica de leptospirosis, determinándose los perfiles antigénicos mediante electroforesis de células enteras y western blotting usando como anticuerpos, sueros provenientes de personas vacunadas con vax-SPIRAL®. Resultados y conclusiones. Se evidenció una gran homología antigénica entre todas las cepas estudiadas. Los resultados del presente estudio sugieren que en los departamentos de León y Chinandega circulan cepas de L. interrogans con un fuerte reconocimientoObjective.The following work was development with the objective of determining the profiles cellular antigenics that are recognized by the serum of people vaccinated with vax-SPIRAL® of obtained strains of the León and Chinandega departments. Methods. Blood cultures samples were analyzed taken in sharp phase to cases with suspicion leptospirosis clinic, being determined the profiles antigenics by means of electrophoresis of whole cells and western blotting using as antibodies, serums coming from people vaccinated with vax-SPIRAL®. Results and conclusions. A great antigenic homology was evidenced among all the studied strains. The present study results suggest that in León and Chinandega departments circulate L. interrogans strains with a strong antigenic recognition front of serums of people vaccinated with vax-SPIRAL®

Exercise during pregnancy protects adult mouse offspring from diet-induced obesity

BACKGROUND: Physical exercise induces positive alterations in gene expression involved in the metabolism of obesity. Maternal exercise provokes adaptations soon after birth in the offspring. Here, we investigated whether adult mouse offspring of swim-trained mothers is protected against the development of the deleterious effects of high fat diet (HFD). METHODS: Our study comprises two parts. First, female C57BL/6 mice were divided into one sedentary and one swim-trained group (before and during pregnancy, n = 18). In the second part, adult offspring (n = 12) of trained and sedentary mothers was challenged to HFD for 16 weeks. Notably, most of the analysis was done in male offspring. RESULTS: Our results demonstrate that maternal exercise has several beneficial effects on the mouse offspring and protects them from the deleterious effects of HFD in the adult. Specifically, swimming during pregnancy leads to lower birth weight in offspring through 2 months of age. When subjected to HFD for 4 month in the adulthood, our study presents novel data on the male offspring's metabolism of trained mothers. The offspring gained less weight, which was accompanied by less body fat, and they used more calories during daytime compared with offspring of sedentary mothers. Furthermore, we observed increased adiponectin expression in skeletal muscle, which was accompanied by decreased leptin levels and increased insulin sensitivity. Decreased interleukin-6 expression and increased peptide PYY levels were observed in sera of adult offspring of mothers that swam during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results point to the conclusion that maternal exercise is beneficial to protect the offspring from developing obesity, which could be important for succeeding generations as well

Impacto de los cambios realizados en la etapa de multiplicación celular durante la obtención de la Sustancia Sensibilizante de Eritrocitos utilizada en el diagnóstico serológico de la Leptospirosis

Introducción: En Cuba desde 1981 se tiene implementada la hemoaglutinación indirecta como técnica diagnostica de Leptospirosis de forma alternativa en ausencia de otras que pueden ser más costosas pero efectivas en los diferentes estadios de la enfermedad. Para el desarrollo de la técnica se hace necesaria la sustancia sensibilizante de eritrocitos (SSE), asumiendo su producción el Instituto Finlay en el año 2009, a partir de una tecnología obsoleta en la etapa de multiplicación celular. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar cambios en esta etapa para obtener la SSE con los medios de cultivos disponibles en la planta de producción para el óptimo rendimiento del producto, sin afectar la actividad biológica como parámetro fundamental de calidad. Métodos. Fueron formados 8 grupos experimentales teniendo en cuenta: cepa productora (cepa LABIOFAM y cepa Finlay) medio de cultivo (MK y EMJH) y condiciones de cultivos (estático o agitado). Resultados y conclusión. Se obtuvo como resultado que la mejor variante fue en la que se utilizó la cepa de LABIOFAM, crecimiento en medio MEJH y agitado, con una disminución considerable en el tiempo de obtención de la SSE mediante esta nueva tecnología, con un título consistente con las exigencias de calidad. Permitiendo así comenzar los diferentes diseños de estudios de estabilidad y registro del producto.Introduction: In Cuba since 1981 has implemented the indirect hemagglutination as an alternative technique of Leptospirosis diagnosed, in the absence of others that may be more costly but effective at different stages of the disease. For the development of the technique requires the Erythrocytes Sensitize Substance (ESS), assuming the production Finlay Institute in 2009, from obsolete technology in the process of cell multiplication. Objective: The aim of this study was to make changes at this stage to obtain the ESS with the culture media available at the plant for optimum product performance, without affecting the biological activity as the basic parameter of quality. Methods: Eight experimental groups were formed according to multifactorial design, taking into account: production strain (LABIOFAM or Finlay strain of L. biflexa Patoc I), culture medium (MK and MEJH) and culture conditions (static or agitated). Results and conclusion: We obtained as a result that the best variant was the combination (LABIOFAM strain, growth in MEJH and agitated), with a considerable decrease in the time of the ESS obtaining by means of this new technology, with a consistent title with the demands of quality. This work allowed to use the best variant to begin the different designs of stability studies of the product

The Presence of Flavonoids in Some Products and Fruits of the Genus Eugenia: An Integrative Review

ReviewThe Myrtaceae family, one of the most prominent botanical families, is represented in Brazil with different fruit species, rich in bioactive compounds and gastronomically appreciated. This study aimed to carry out an integrative review on the genus Eugenia, highlighting the pitangueira (E. uniflora L.), cagaiteira (E. dysenterica), grumixameira (E. brasiliensis), pereira (E. klotzschiana O. Berg), and uvaieira (E. pyriformis Cambess) and which flavonoids are present in these fruits. Articles published between 2016 and 2021 were selected from the following databases: Google Scholar, Periódicos CAPES, Scielo, and Science Direct. According to each database, the descriptors used as a search strategy addressed the popular and scientific names of the five selected species, associated or not with the term “flavonoid,” according to each database. The results showed that quercetin was the main flavonoid identified in the fruits, and the principal extraction method used was HPLC. Other interesting compounds, such as catechin, epicatechin, rutin, myricetin, and kaempferol, were also found. However, the amount and type of flavonoids detected varied according to the applied methodology. Hence, these studies highlight the importance of species of the genus Eugenia, which promotes beneficial health effects and possible applicability to the food and pharmaceutical industryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of new Leptospira spp. isolates from Nicaragua Republic for the development of future antileptospirosic vaccine preparations

Leptospirosis constitutes a current problem on animal health. Although, there are vaccines available in the market, they have as main disadvantage the low cross-protection specific serogroup/serovar. Due to this situation it is important to have virulent and characterized strains of the serogroup or serovar of epidemic interest

Primordial perturbations in a non singular bouncing universe model

We construct a simple non singular cosmological model in which the currently observed expansion phase was preceded by a contraction. This is achieved, in the framework of pure general relativity, by means of a radiation fluid and a free scalar field having negative energy. We calculate the power spectrum of the scalar perturbations that are produced in such a bouncing model and find that, under the assumption of initial vacuum state for the quantum field associated with the hydrodynamical perturbation, this leads to a spectral index n=-1. The matching conditions applying to this bouncing model are derived and shown to be different from those in the case of a sharp transition. We find that if our bounce transition can be smoothly connected to a slowly contracting phase, then the resulting power spectrum will be scale invariant.Comment: 11 pages, RevTeX 4, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Measurement of the Bs0→J/ψKS0B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0 branching fraction

The $B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ branching fraction is measured in a data sample corresponding to 0.41$fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to the penguin contributions affecting the sin2$\beta$ measurement from $B^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ The time-integrated branching fraction is measured to be $BF(B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0)=(1.83\pm0.28)\times10^{-5}$. This is the most precise measurement to date

Measurement of the CP-violating phase \phi s in Bs->J/\psi\pi+\pi- decays

Measurement of the mixing-induced CP-violating phase phi_s in Bs decays is of prime importance in probing new physics. Here 7421 +/- 105 signal events from the dominantly CP-odd final state J/\psi pi+ pi- are selected in 1/fb of pp collision data collected at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the LHCb detector. A time-dependent fit to the data yields a value of phi_s=-0.019^{+0.173+0.004}_{-0.174-0.003} rad, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. No evidence of direct CP violation is found.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures; minor revisions on May 23, 201

Absolute luminosity measurements with the LHCb detector at the LHC

Absolute luminosity measurements are of general interest for colliding-beam experiments at storage rings. These measurements are necessary to determine the absolute cross-sections of reaction processes and are valuable to quantify the performance of the accelerator. Using data taken in 2010, LHCb has applied two methods to determine the absolute scale of its luminosity measurements for proton-proton collisions at the LHC with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. In addition to the classic "van der Meer scan" method a novel technique has been developed which makes use of direct imaging of the individual beams using beam-gas and beam-beam interactions. This beam imaging method is made possible by the high resolution of the LHCb vertex detector and the close proximity of the detector to the beams, and allows beam parameters such as positions, angles and widths to be determined. The results of the two methods have comparable precision and are in good agreement. Combining the two methods, an overall precision of 3.5% in the absolute luminosity determination is reached. The techniques used to transport the absolute luminosity calibration to the full 2010 data-taking period are presented.Comment: 48 pages, 19 figures. Results unchanged, improved clarity of Table 6, 9 and 10 and corresponding explanation in the tex

Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma)/BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) and the direct CP asymmetry in B0 -> K*0 gamma

The ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0 -> K*0 gamma and Bs0 phi gamma has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb-1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The value obtained is BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma)/BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) = 1.23 +/- 0.06(stat.) +/- 0.04(syst.) +/- 0.10(fs/fd), where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third is associated with the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average value for BR(B0 -> K*0 gamma), the branching fraction BR(Bs0 -> phi gamma) is measured to be (3.5 +/- 0.4) x 10^{-5}. The direct CP asymmetry in B0 -> K*0 gamma decays has also been measured with the same data and found to be A(CP)(B0 -> K*0 gamma) = (0.8 +/- 1.7(stat.) +/- 0.9(syst.))%. Both measurements are the most precise to date and are in agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical expectations.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figues, 4 table