2,783 research outputs found
Threshold for Synovial Cell Count and Neutrophil Differential in Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Knee Infection: A Multi-Institutional Study
Introduction:
Synovial fluid analysis is an important tool in the work-up of suspected periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Yet, there is conflicting guidance for the analysis of synovial fluid aspiration, including a lack of uniform thresholds for white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil percentage (PMN%)1-3. Therefore, a multi-institutional study was undertaken to reassess these thresholds, compare preoperative versus intraoperative sample collection, and assess variation in results between institutions
HQET at order : II. Spectroscopy in the quenched approximation
Using Heavy Quark Effective Theory with non-perturbatively determined
parameters in a quenched lattice calculation, we evaluate the splittings
between the ground state and the first two radially excited states of the
system at static order. We also determine the splitting between first excited
and ground state, and between the and ground states to order
. The Generalized Eigenvalue Problem and the use of all-to-all
propagators are important ingredients of our approach.Comment: (1+18) pages, 3 figures (4 pdf files); pdflatex; v2: corrections to
table 1, results unaffecte
The Supernova Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
The chief distinction between ordinary supernovae and long-soft gamma-ray
bursts (GRBs) is the degree of differential rotation in the inner several solar
masses when a massive star dies, and GRBs are rare mainly because of the
difficulty achieving the necessary high rotation rate. Models that do provide
the necessary angular momentum are discussed, with emphasis on a new single
star model whose rapid rotation leads to complete mixing on the main sequence
and avoids red giant formation. This channel of progenitor evolution also gives
a broader range of masses than previous models, and allows the copious
production of bursts outside of binaries and at high redshifts. However, even
the production of a bare helium core rotating nearly at break up is not, by
itself, a sufficient condition to make a gamma-ray burst. Wolf-Rayet mass loss
must be low, and will be low in regions of low metallicity. This suggests that
bursts at high redshift (low metallicity) will, on the average, be more
energetic, have more time structure, and last longer than bursts nearby. Every
burst consists of three components: a polar jet (~0.1 radian), high energy,
subrelativistic mass ejection (~1 radian), and low velocity equatorial mass
that can fall back after the initial explosion. The relative proportions of
these three components can give a diverse assortment of supernovae and high
energy transients whose properties may vary with redshift.Comment: 10 pages, to appear in AIP Conf. Proc. "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift
Era", Eds. S. S. Holt, N. Gehrels, J. Nouse
Learned Value Magnifies Salience-Based Attentional Capture
Visual attention is captured by physically salient stimuli (termed salience-based attentional capture), and by otherwise task-irrelevant stimuli that contain goal-related features (termed contingent attentional capture). Recently, we reported that physically nonsalient stimuli associated with value through reward learning also capture attention involuntarily (Anderson, Laurent, & Yantis, PNAS, 2011). Although it is known that physical salience and goal-relatedness both influence attentional priority, it is unknown whether or how attentional capture by a salient stimulus is modulated by its associated value. Here we show that a physically salient, task-irrelevant distractor previously associated with a large reward slows visual search more than an equally salient distractor previously associated with a smaller reward. This magnification of salience-based attentional capture by learned value extinguishes over several hundred trials. These findings reveal a broad influence of learned value on involuntary attentional capture
Revealing Dissociable Attention Biases in Chronic Smokers Through an Individual-Differences Approach
Addiction is accompanied by attentional biases (AB), wherein drug-related cues grab attention
independently of their perceptual salience. AB have emerged in different flavours depending on
the experimental approach, and their clinical relevance is still debated. In chronic smokers we
sought evidence for dissociable attention abnormalities that may play distinct roles in the clinical
manifestations of the disorder. Fifty smokers performed a modified visual probe-task measuring two
forms of AB and their temporal dynamics, and data on their personality traits and smoking history/
status were collected. Two fully dissociable AB effects were found: A Global effect, reflecting the overall
impact of smoke cues on attention, and a Location-specific effect, indexing the impact of smoke cues
on visuospatial orienting. Importantly, the two effects could be neatly separated from one another
as they: (i) unfolded with dissimilar temporal dynamics, (ii) were accounted for by different sets of
predictors associated with personality traits and smoking history and (iii) were not correlated with one
another. Importantly, the relevance of each of these two components in the single individual depends
on a complex blend of personality traits and smoking habits, a result that future efforts addressing the
clinical relevance of addiction-related AB should take into careful consideration.This study was supported by funding provided by the University of Verona to CDL, CC and L
Measurement of CP-violation asymmetries in D0 to Ks pi+ pi-
We report a measurement of time-integrated CP-violation asymmetries in the
resonant substructure of the three-body decay D0 to Ks pi+ pi- using CDF II
data corresponding to 6.0 invfb of integrated luminosity from Tevatron ppbar
collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. The charm mesons used in this analysis come
from D*+(2010) to D0 pi+ and D*-(2010) to D0bar pi-, where the production
flavor of the charm meson is determined by the charge of the accompanying pion.
We apply a Dalitz-amplitude analysis for the description of the dynamic decay
structure and use two complementary approaches, namely a full Dalitz-plot fit
employing the isobar model for the contributing resonances and a
model-independent bin-by-bin comparison of the D0 and D0bar Dalitz plots. We
find no CP-violation effects and measure an asymmetry of ACP = (-0.05 +- 0.57
(stat) +- 0.54 (syst))% for the overall integrated CP-violation asymmetry,
consistent with the standard model prediction.Comment: 15 page
Studying the Underlying Event in Drell-Yan and High Transverse Momentum Jet Production at the Tevatron
We study the underlying event in proton-antiproton collisions by examining
the behavior of charged particles (transverse momentum pT > 0.5 GeV/c,
pseudorapidity |\eta| < 1) produced in association with large transverse
momentum jets (~2.2 fb-1) or with Drell-Yan lepton-pairs (~2.7 fb-1) in the
Z-boson mass region (70 < M(pair) < 110 GeV/c2) as measured by CDF at 1.96 TeV
center-of-mass energy. We use the direction of the lepton-pair (in Drell-Yan
production) or the leading jet (in high-pT jet production) in each event to
define three regions of \eta-\phi space; toward, away, and transverse, where
\phi is the azimuthal scattering angle. For Drell-Yan production (excluding the
leptons) both the toward and transverse regions are very sensitive to the
underlying event. In high-pT jet production the transverse region is very
sensitive to the underlying event and is separated into a MAX and MIN
transverse region, which helps separate the hard component (initial and
final-state radiation) from the beam-beam remnant and multiple parton
interaction components of the scattering. The data are corrected to the
particle level to remove detector effects and are then compared with several
QCD Monte-Carlo models. The goal of this analysis is to provide data that can
be used to test and improve the QCD Monte-Carlo models of the underlying event
that are used to simulate hadron-hadron collisions.Comment: Submitted to Phys.Rev.
Measurement of the Production Cross Section and Search for Anomalous and Couplings in Collisions at TeV
This Letter describes the current most precise measurement of the boson
pair production cross section and most sensitive test of anomalous
and couplings in collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96
TeV. The candidates are reconstructed from decays containing two charged
leptons and two neutrinos, where the charged leptons are either electrons or
muons. Using data collected by the CDF II detector from 3.6 fb of
integrated luminosity, a total of 654 candidate events are observed with an
expected background contribution of events. The measured total
cross section is pb, which is in good agreement
with the standard model prediction. The same data sample is used to place
constraints on anomalous and couplings.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
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