Fish communities of two tidal creeks in the Pinheiros bay, state of Paraná, southern Brazil

Tidal creeks are meandering channels that are highly influenced by tidal changes and can experience substantial variation in salinity and depth over the course of the same day. The goal of the present work is to survey the ichthyofauna associated with these environments and to assess seasonal differences in their composition in tidal creeks of the euhaline sector of the estuary of the Paranaguá. Two tidal creeks of the Pinheiros bay were sampled monthly at the same time using fyke nets. A total of 13,755 fish from 55 species and 27 families were captured. Only the clupeiforms Anchoa parva, Cetengraulis edentulus, and Harengula clupeola showed substantial seasonal variation in abundance, being most frequent during the fall and its adjacent months. Benthophagic individuals such as Sphoeroides testudineus, Bairdiella ronchus and Cathorops spixii were the most dominant in terms of biomass and were present all year long, although with irregular abundance. Sciaenid species were most frequent in the fall and winter, both as juveniles and as adults. The spring and part of the fall were characterized by the highest number of species with mature gonads, whereas the fall was the most important recruitment period, causing an increase in the richness indices and in the number of captured individuals. Tidal creeks were intensively visited by fish of all trophic levels and ages. These results, together with the high richness and diversity indices, corroborate the importance of tidal creeks for the preservation of estuarine environments.Tidal creeks are meandering channels that are highly influenced by tidal changes and can experience substantial variation in salinity and depth over the course of the same day. The goal of the present work is to survey the ichthyofauna associated with these environments and to assess seasonal differences in their composition in tidal creeks of the euhaline sector of the estuary of the Paranaguá. Two tidal creeks of the Pinheiros bay were sampled monthly at the same time using fyke nets. A total of 13,755 fish from 55 species and 27 families were captured. Only the clupeiforms Anchoa parva, Cetengraulis edentulus, and Harengula clupeola showed substantial seasonal variation in abundance, being most frequent during the fall and its adjacent months. Benthophagic individuals such as Sphoeroides testudineus, Bairdiella ronchus and Cathorops spixii were the most dominant in terms of biomass and were present all year long, although with irregular abundance. Sciaenid species were most frequent in the fall and winter, both as juveniles and as adults. The spring and part of the fall were characterized by the highest number of species with mature gonads, whereas the fall was the most important recruitment period, causing an increase in the richness indices and in the number of captured individuals. Tidal creeks were intensively visited by fish of all trophic levels and ages. These results, together with the high richness and diversity indices, corroborate the importance of tidal creeks for the preservation of estuarine environments

Relações de gênero e usos do tempo vivenciados por enfermeiras e enfermeiros a partir do trabalho no hospital

O estudo consiste na análise dos usos do tempo vivenciados por enfermeiras e enfermeiros, que atuam num hospital universitário em Niterói, na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil, no sentido de verificar desigualdades associadas às relações de gênero. Considera as especificidades do trabalho em hospitais, como o trabalho noturno e nos fins de semana, além da atuação em vários vínculos empregatícios. Conjuga técnicas quantitativas e qualitativas com base em registros diários de suas atividades a serem confrontados em entrevistas semi- estruturadas, a fim de descrever como se dá o uso do tempo e a ocorrência de situações de “permeabilidade” entre a vida profissional e familiar. Foram realizadas entrevistas com quarenta e dois sujeitos. As análises possibilitaram a identificação de conflitos de interesses e tensões nas disputas de poder, que sinalizam desigualdades de gênero. As informações recolhidas através das entrevistas possibilitaram identificar correlações entre a interface ‘profissional-doméstico’ e a ‘saúde’. Mediante os diferentes modos de usos do tempo vivenciados pelos entrevistados, algumas pistas são possíveis de serem suscitadas. No grupo de enfermeiras destacam-se falas apontando um acúmulo de atividades e responsabilidades que reforçam a permanência de desigualdades em suas relações, além de referências ressaltando ser a saúde mental a mais afetada. No conjunto de enfermeiros sobressaem percepções capazes de questionar modelos tradicionais, contribuindo para a equidade de gênero, além de falas que suscitam a presença de mais alterações com relação à saúde física. Em geral, tem sido possível observar o convívio de questões que tanto reforçam as desigualdades de gênero, quanto questionam os modelos tradicionais existentes nas relações com o trabalho na vida contemporânea

Operação Mandacaru: descobrindo oportunidades e melhorando a qualidade de vida

Trabalho apresentado no II Congresso Nacional do PROJETO RONDON, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 23 a 25 de setembro de 2015 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.A Operação Mandacaru do Projeto Rondon foi realizada no Estado do Ceará, região nordeste do país, de 17 a 31 de janeiro de 2015. A UTFPR, Câmpus Pato Branco participou da operação trabalhando com o conjunto B na cidade de Itapiúna. O Município localizado no início do sertão cearense, apresenta uma população de aproximadamente 20 mil habitantes. Uma região muito carente de recursos, que sofre com a falta de chuvas. Com o intuito de mostrar oportunidades para melhorar as condições de vida da população foram desenvolvidas oficinas de Empreendedorismo, Associativismo, Elaboração de Projetos para Captação de Recursos e a pedido da administração municipal uma palestra sobre o lixo, tamanha era a quantidade deste espalhada, tanto na cidade quanto no interior. A oficina de Associativismo foi trabalhada com o objetivo de estimular a organização, formalização e profissionalização de organizações associativas, abordando tópicos como o que é o Associativismo, para que serve, como funciona, quais os princípios e quais os benefícios que uma associação pode trazer para a sociedade, além da realização de uma dinâmica de identificação de formas de associação que poderiam ser criadas na comunidade local. Já, a oficina de Empreendedorismo foi ministrada com o objetivo de sensibilizar os participantes para ações empreendedoras. Foram abordados o conceito de empreendedorismo, perfil do empreendedor, levantamento de potencialidades e geração de ideias. A oficina de Elaboração de Projetos para Captação de Recursos foi desenvolvida com a finalidade de capacitar os gestores municipais na elaboração de projetos para captação recursos junto ao governo federal. A palestra do lixo teve como propósito conscientizar as pessoas a respeito dos perigos causados pelo lixo quando este não é descartado de forma correta. Visando estimular a comunidade a jogar o lixo no lixo, e não em qualquer lugar, foi desenvolvido um mutirão para recolher um pouco do lixo nas ruas. Para todos os trabalhos foram utilizados recursos como apresentações de power point e dinâmicas de grupos. No decorrer do desenvolvimento das oficinas pode-se observar a participação de pessoas de todas as idades, muitos com a curiosidade, por exemplo, de saber o que era uma oficina e o que era o Empreendedorismo. Isso por si só já valeria todo o esforço de qualquer rondonista. A população é carente de recursos, mas mais carente ainda de carinho e atenção e isso é demonstrado na participação e no envolvimento da comunidade. O rondonista ao mesmo tempo que ensina, aprende muito mais

Effects of Drop-Set and Pyramidal Resistance Training Systems on Microvascular Oxygenation: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Approach

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(2): 1549-1562, 2020. Metabolic stress is a primary mechanism of muscle hypertrophy and is associated with microvascular oxygenation and muscle activation. Considering that drop-set (DS) and crescent pyramid (CP) resistance training systems are recommended to modulate these mechanisms related to muscle hypertrophy, we aimed to investigate if these resistance training systems produce a different microvascular oxygenation status and muscle activation from those observed in traditional resistance training (TRAD). Twelve volunteers had their legs randomized in an intra-subject cross-over design in TRAD (3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% 1-RM), DS (3 sets of ~50-75% 1-RM) and CP (3 sets of 6-10 repetitions at 75-85% 1-RM). Vastus medialis microvascular oxygenation and muscle activation were respectively assessed by non- invasive near-infrared spectroscopy and surface electromyography techniques during the resistance training sessions in the leg-extension exercise. Total hemoglobin area under the curve (AUC) (TRAD: -1653.5 ± 2866.5; DS: -3069.2 ± 3429.4; CP: -1196.6 ± 2675.3) and tissue oxygen saturation (TRAD: 19283.1 ± 6698.0; DS: 23995.5 ± 15604.9; CP: 16109.1 ± 8553.1) increased without differences between protocols (p\u3e0.05). Greater decreases in oxygenated hemoglobin AUC and hemoglobin differentiated AUC were respectively found for DS (-4036.8 ± 2698.1; -5004.4 ± 2722.9) compared with TRAD (-1951.8 ± 1720.0; -2250.3 ± 1305.7) and CP (-1814.4 ± 2634.3; 2432.2 ± 2891.4) (p\u3c0.03). Higher increases of hemoglobin deoxygenated AUC were found for DS (1426.7 ± 1320.7) compared with TRAD (316.0 ± 1164.9) only (p=0.04). No differences were demonstrated in electromyographic amplitudes between TRAD (69.0 ± 34.4), DS (61.3 ± 26.7) and CP (60.9 ± 38.8) (p\u3e0.05). Despite DS produced lower microvascular oxygenation levels compared with TRAD and CP, all protocols produced similar muscle activation levels

Heart failure impairs cerebral oxygenation during exercise in patients with COPD

Fed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Pulm Funct & Clin Exercise Physiol Unit SEFICE, Dept Med, Div Resp Dis, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Carlos, Cardiopulm Physiotherapy Lab, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, São Paulo, BrazilQueens Univ, Lab Clin Exercise Physiol LACEP, Dept Med, Div Resp & Crit Care Med, Kingston, ON K7L 2V6, CanadaFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Pulm Funct & Clin Exercise Physiol Unit SEFICE, Dept Med, Div Resp Dis, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

First Synthesis of Racemic Trans Propargylamino-Donepezil, a Pleiotrope Agent Able to Both Inhibit AChE and MAO-B, with Potential Interest against Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease towards which pleiotropic approach using Multi-Target Directed Ligands is nowadays recognized as probably convenient. Among the numerous targets which are today validated against AD, acetylcholinesterase (ACh) and Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) appear as particularly convincing, especially if displayed by a sole agent such as ladostigil, currently in clinical trial in AD. Considering these results, we wanted to take benefit of the structural analogy lying in donepezil (DPZ) and rasagiline, two indane derivatives marketed as AChE and MAO-B inhibitors, respectively, and to propose the synthesis and the preliminary in vitro biological characterization of a structural compromise between these two compounds, we called propargylaminodonepezil (PADPZ). The synthesis of racemic trans PADPZ was achieved and its biological evaluation established its inhibitory activities towards both (h)AChE (IC50 = 0.4 uM) and (h)MAO-B (IC50 = 6.4 uM)

A influência da pressão positiva expiratória final (PEEP) associada à intervenção fisioterapêutica na fase I da reabilitação cardiovascular

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of positive end expiratory pressure and physiotherapy intervention during Phase I of cardiac rehabilitation on the behavior of pulmonary function and inspiratory muscle strength in postoperative cardiac surgery. METHODS: A prospective randomized study, in which 24 patients were divided in 2 groups: a group that performed respiratory exercises with positive airway expiratory pressure associated with physiotherapy intervention (GEP, n = 8) and a group that received only the physiotherapy intervention (GPI, n = 16). Pulmonary function was evaluated by spirometry on the preoperative and on the fifth postoperative days; inspiratory muscle strength was measured by maximal inspiratory pressure on the same days. RESULTS: Spirometric variables were significantly reduced from the preoperative to the fifth postoperative day for the GPI, while the GEP had a significant reduction only for vital capacity (P < .05). When the treatments were compared, smaller values were observed in the GPI for peak flow on the fifth postoperative day. Significant reductions of maximal inspiratory pressure from preoperative to the first postoperative day were found in both groups. However, the reduction in maximal inspiratory pressure from the preoperative to the fifth postoperative day was significant only in the GPI (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that cardiac surgery produces a reduction in inspiratory muscle strength, pulmonary volume, and flow. The association of positive expiratory pressure with physiotherapy intervention was more efficient in minimizing these changes, in comparison to the physiotherapy intervention alone. However, in both groups, the pulmonary volumes were not completely reestablished by the fifth postoperative day, and it was necessary to continue the treatment after hospital convalescence.OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da pressão positiva expiratória final e da intervenção fisioterápica na fase I da reabilitação cardiovascular sobre o comportamento da função pulmonar e da força muscular inspiratória e sobre o pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, com 24 pacientes, separados em 2 grupos: GEP (n=8), que realizaram exercícios respiratórios com pressão positiva expiratória nas vias aéreas associados à intervenção fisioterápica; e GFI (n=16), que realizaram somente a intervenção fisioterápica. A função pulmonar foi avaliada pela espirometria no pré e 5º dia pós-operatório; a força muscular inspiratória pela pressão inspiratória máxima no pré, 1º e 5º dias pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: As variáveis espirométricas mostraram reduções significativas do pré para o 5º dia pós-operatório no GFI, porém no GEP, observou-se redução apenas para capacidade vital (

Association between the -174 G/C promoter polymorphism of the interleukin-6 gene and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Brazilian older women

In worldwide studies, interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in age-related disturbances. The aim of the present report was to determine the possible association of IL-6 -174 C/G promoter polymorphism with the cytokine profile as well as with the presence of selected cardiovascular risk features. This was a cross-sectional study on Brazilian women aged 60 years or older. A sample of 193 subjects was investigated for impaired glucose regulation, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Genotyping was done by direct sequencing of PCR products. IL-6 and C-reactive protein were quantified by high-sensitivity assays. General linear regression models or the Student t-test were used to compare continuous variables among genotypes, followed by adjustments for confounding variables. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. The genotypes were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium proportions. In a recessive model, mean waist-to-hip ratio, serum glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose were markedly lower in C homozygotes (P = 0.001, 0.028, and 0.047, respectively). In a dominant hypothesis, G homozygotes displayed a trend towards higher levels of circulating IL-6 (P = 0.092). Non-parametric analysis revealed that impaired fasting glucose and hypertension were findings approximately 2-fold more frequent among G homozygous subjects (P = 0.042 and 0.043, respectively). Taken together, our results show that the IL-6 -174 G-allele is implicated in a greater cardiovascular risk. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of IL-6 promoter variants and age-related disturbances in the Brazilian elderly population

Another Chapter in the History of the European Invasion by the Western Conifer Seed Bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis: The Iberian Peninsula

The Western conifer seed bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis, is native to North America and has already been considered a significant pest in several European countries since its first observation in Italy in 1999. In Spain and Portugal, it was recorded for the first time in 2003 and 2010, respectively, and its impact on Stone Pine (Pinus pinea) is of major concern. Before developing control measures for this insect pest, it is paramount to clarify its spatiotemporal dynamics of invasion. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to (a) characterise the genetic structure and diversity and (b) invasion pathways of L. occidentalis populations in the Iberian Peninsula. To do so, specimens of L. occidentalis were collected at fourteen sites widely distributed within the Iberian Peninsula. We used mtDNA sequences of Cytochrome b and eleven microsatellite markers to characterise the genetic diversity and the population structure in the Iberian Peninsula. Our genetic results combined with the observational dates strongly support a stratified expansion of L. occidentalis invasion in the Iberian Peninsula proceeding from multiple introductions, including at least one in Barcelona, one in Valencia, and one in the west coast or in the Southeastern region.Ana Farinha received support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia I.P. (FCT-MCES) through a PhD scholarship (PD/BD/52403/2013). Manuela Branco is supported by the Forest Research Centre (CEF) (UIDB/00239/2020) and the Laboratory for Sustainable Land Use and Ecosystem Services—TERRA (LA/P/0092/2020) funded by FCT, Portugal. European Project H2020 “Adaptive breeding for productive, sustainable and resilient forests under climate change” (B4EST; grant agreement No. 773383). Cost action FP1203: European Non-Wood Forest Products Network (NWFPs), European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)