102 research outputs found
Effects of ground movements on realistic guide models for the European Spallation Source
We model the effect of ground movement, based on empirical experience, on the
transport properties of long neutron guides by ray-tracing simulations. Our
results reproduce the large losses found by an earlier study for a simple
model, while for a more realistic engineering model of guide mounting, we find
the losses to be significantly smaller than earlier predicted. A detailed study
of the guide for the cold neutron spectrometer BIFROST at the European
Spallation Source shows that the loss is 7.0(5) % for wavelengths of 2.3-4.0
{\AA}; the typical operational wavelength range of the instrument. This amount
of loss does not call for mitigation by overillumination as suggested in the
previous work. Our work serves to quantify the robustness of the transport
properties of long neutron guides, in construction or planning at neutron
facilities worldwide.Comment: 8 pages, 12 figure
Opettajien kÀsityksiÀ toiminnallisen opetuksen vaikutuksista työrauhaan ja kouluviihtyvyyteen
TiivistelmÀ. Pro gradu -tutkielmassamme selvitettiin, millaisia olivat opettajien nÀkemykset liikettÀ hyödyntÀvÀn toiminnallisen opetuksen vaikutuksista työrauhaan ja oppilaiden kouluviihtyvyyteen. TÀmÀn lisÀksi tarkasteltiin, millaiset tekijÀt vaikuttavat liikettÀ hyödyntÀvÀn toiminnallisen opetuksen onnistuneeseen toteutukseen. Tutkielman tarkoituksena on lisÀtÀ tietoisuutta toiminnallisen opetuksen vaikutuksista työrauhaan ja siihen, miten toiminnallisuuden lisÀÀminen vaikuttaa oppilaiden kouluviihtyvyyteen. Tutkielmalla halutaan nostaa esiin niitÀ asioita, joita tulisi huomioida, jotta toiminnallinen opetus olisi onnistunutta, ja sillÀ olisi positiivisia vaikutuksia työrauhaan sekÀ oppilaiden kouluviihtyvyyteen.
Tutkimuksemme on osa Oppimista liikkumalla -kehittÀmis- ja tutkimushanketta. Hankkeessa toteutettiin Oulun kaupungin ja Oulun yliopiston yhteistyönÀ luokanopettajille suunnattu tÀydennyskoulutustapahtuma, jossa tutkimuksemme haastatteluaineisto kerÀttiin helmikuussa 2019. Aineisto koostui yhteensÀ 23 opettajan (n=23) kommenteista, jotka kÀsittelimme anonyymeinÀ. Aineisto kerÀttiin pienryhmÀkeskusteluja nauhoittamalla.
Opettajien kÀsitysten mukaan liikettÀ hyödyntÀvÀ toiminnallinen opetus vaikuttaa oppilaiden kÀyttÀytymiseen yksilöllisesti. PÀÀosin liikkeen tuomat vaikutukset ovat opettajien nÀkemysten mukaan positiivisia ja lisÀÀvÀt oppilaiden keskittymistÀ. Analyysi kuitenkin osoitti, ettÀ toiminnallisen opetuksen aikana oli esiintynyt myös hÀiriökÀyttÀytymistÀ ja rauhattomuutta. Opettajien kÀsitysten mukaan toiminnallinen opetus nÀyttÀytyy pÀÀsÀÀntöisesti oppilaiden kouluviihtyvyyttÀ lisÀÀvÀnÀ tekijÀnÀ synnyttÀen oppilaissa oppimisen iloa, motivaatiota ja mielekkyyttÀ. Vuorovaikutus ja yhdessÀ tekeminen lisÀÀntyivÀt toiminnallisen opetuksen myötÀ, mikÀ lisÀsi opettajien mukaan oppilaiden kouluviihtyvyyttÀ. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, ettÀ toiminnallisen opetuksen onnistumisen edellytyksiÀ ovat opettajan ammattitaito, toiminnalliseen työskentelytapaan tottuminen sekÀ tarkoituksenmukainen fyysinen tila
11-Deoxycorticosterone Producing Adrenal Hyperplasia as a Very Unusual Cause of Endocrine Hypertension: Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature
Background and Objectives: 11-deoxycorticosterone overproduction due to an adrenal tumor or hyperplasia is a very rare cause of mineralocorticoid-induced hypertension. The objective is to provide the most relevant clinical features that clinicians dealing with patients presenting with the hallmarks of hypertension due to 11-deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenal lesions should be aware of. Design and Methods: We report the case of a patient with an 11-deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenal lesion and provide a systematic review of all published cases (PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE) between 1965 and 2021. Results: We identified 46 cases (including ours). Most cases (31, 67%) affected women with a mean age of 42.9 +/- 15.2 years and presented with high blood pressure and hypokalemia (average of 2.68 +/- 0.62 mmol/L). Median (interquartile range) time from onset of first suggestive symptoms to diagnosis was 24 (55) months. Aldosterone levels were low or in the reference range in 98% of the cases when available. 11-deoxycorticosterone levels were a median of 12.5 (18.9) times above the upper limit of the normal reference range reported in each article and overproduction of more than one hormone was seen in 31 (67%). Carcinoma was the most common histological type (21, 45.7%). Median tumor size was 61.5 (60) mm. Malignant lesions were larger, had higher 11-deoxycorticosterone levels and shorter time of evolution at diagnosis compared to benign lesions. Conclusion: 11-deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenal lesions are very rare, affecting mostly middle-aged women with a primary aldosteronism-like clinical presentation and carcinoma is the most frequent histological diagnosis. Measuring 11-deoxycorticosterone levels, when low aldosterone levels or in the lower limit of the reference range are present in hypertensive patients, is advisable. Systematic Review Registration:Open Science Framework, 10.17605/OSF.IO/NR7UV
Highlights From the Annual Meeting of the American Epilepsy Society 2022
With more than 6000 attendees between in-person and virtual offerings, the American Epilepsy Society Meeting 2022 in Nashville, felt as busy as in prepandemic times. An ever-growing number of physicians, scientists, and allied health professionals gathered to learn a variety of topics about epilepsy. The program was carefully tailored to meet the needs of professionals with different interests and career stages. This article summarizes the different symposia presented at the meeting. Basic science lectures addressed the primary elements of seizure generation and pathophysiology of epilepsy in different disease states. Scientists congregated to learn about anti-seizure medications, mechanisms of action, and new tools to treat epilepsy including surgery and neurostimulation. Some symposia were also dedicated to discuss epilepsy comorbidities and practical issues regarding epilepsy care. An increasing number of patient advocates discussing their stories were intertwined within scientific activities. Many smaller group sessions targeted more specific topics to encourage member participation, including Special Interest Groups, Investigator, and Skills Workshops. Special lectures included the renown Hoyer and Lombroso, an ILAE/IBE joint session, a spotlight on the impact of Dobbs v. Jackson on reproductive health in epilepsy, and a joint session with the NAEC on coding and reimbursement policies. The hot topics symposium was focused on traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic epilepsy. A balanced collaboration with the industry allowed presentations of the latest pharmaceutical and engineering advances in satellite symposia
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and lowâmiddle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of âsingle-useâ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for lowâmiddle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both highâ and lowâmiddleâincome countries
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and lowâmiddle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of âsingle-useâ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for lowâmiddle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both highâ and lowâmiddleâincome countries
Lasten liikunnan harrastamiseen vaikuttavat tekijÀt alakouluiÀssÀ
Kandidaatin tutkielmassani perehdyn lasten liikuntakÀyttÀytymiseen Suomessa. Tarkemmin sanottuna otan selvÀÀ niistÀ tekijöistÀ, jotka vaikuttavat keskeisellÀ tavalla liikunnan harrastamiseen ja harrastamattomuuteen alakouluikÀisillÀ lapsilla. Tutkielmani alussa perustelen johdanto-osiossa sitÀ, miksi tÀmÀn aiheen tutkiminen on tÀrkeÀÀ. Aihe on merkittÀvÀllÀ tavalla ajankohtainen, sillÀ juuri nyt suomalaiset lapset ja nuoret liikkuvat hÀlyttÀvÀn vÀhÀn. On tÀrkeÀÀ tietÀÀ mitÀ tekijöitÀ tÀmÀn ilmiön taustalla on, jotta tilannetta voidaan kehittÀÀ parempaan suuntaan. Alkupuolella tutkielmaani kerron suomalaisten lasten liikuntakÀyttÀytymisen nykytilasta: kuinka paljon ja millÀ eri tavoilla lapset liikkuvat.
Tutkielmassani olen koonnut yhteen sekÀ aihealueesta löytyvÀÀ kirjallisuutta ettÀ tutkimustietoa. Kirjallisuuden avulla pyrin kuvailemaan aihealueeseen liittyvÀÀ kÀsitteistöÀ, sekÀ tekijöitÀ, jotka yleisesti ottaen nÀhdÀÀn vaikuttavan liikuntakÀyttÀytymiseen. Tuloksia tarkastellessa olen pyrkinyt kÀyttÀmÀÀn viimeisintÀ tutkimustietoa, jotta aiheen nykyinen tilanne Suomessa olisi mahdollisimman tarkasti selitetty. MielestÀni olen tÀssÀ onnistunut. PÀÀasiassa olen kÀyttÀnyt suomalaisessa kontekstissa tehtyÀ tutkimusta. Tarkoituksena on selvittÀÀ aiheen tilannetta nimenomaan Suomessa, joten on luonnollista kÀyttÀÀ suomalaista tutkimusta. Muutamassa kohtaa olen kÀyttÀnyt kansainvÀlistÀ tutkimusta jonkin aiheen kuvailemisessa, mutta vertailukohtana sitÀ en ole pyrkinyt kÀyttÀmÀÀn.
Liikunnan harrastamisen tÀrkeys on moniulotteinen asia, jolla on vaikutusta hyvin laajalti. Syyt sille, mistÀ lapsi saa innostuksen liikuntaa ja liikunnallista elÀmÀntapaa kohtaan voivat vaihdella paljon. Kun jollakin lapsella vanhempien esimerkki ja sosiaalinen tuki on ohjannut liikunnallisuutta kohden, voi jollakin toisella olla esimerkiksi koulun liikunta ja liikunnanopettaja ainoa taho, joka kipinÀn voi saada syttymÀÀn. SyitÀ vÀhÀiselle liikkumiselle voi olla useita: huonot kokemukset koululiikunnasta, vanhempien heikko taloudellinen tilanne, lÀhiympÀristön huonot liikuntamahdollisuudet tai kaverit voivat vaikuttaa keskeisellÀ tavalla liikkumiseen
Reaksi Pasar Modal Indonesia Terhadap Peristiwa Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (Mea) 2015 (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan abnormal return (AR) dan Trading Volume Activity (TVA) sebelum dan sesudah berlakunya Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA) pada tanggal 31 Desember 2015 pada perusahaan Manufaktur dalam indeks LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Event study yang mempelajari reaksi pasar terhadap suatu peristiwa yang informasinya dipublikasikan sebagai suatu pengumuman. Periode pengamatan ini adalah 10 hari sebelum, 1 hari saat event, dan 10 hari setelah ditetapkan MEA. Teknik pengumpulan data ini termasuk teknik dokumentasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahan manufaktur yang termasuk dalam indeks LQ45. Penelitian dengan variabel AR dan TVA ini diuji dengan menggunakan paired samples t-test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa secara statistika ada perbedaan AR dan TVA sebelum dan saat ditetapkan MEA. Namun saat dan sesudah ditetapkan MEA tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan sedangkan secara keseluruhan sebelum dan setelah ditetapkan MEA tidak ada perbedaan AR dan TVA yang signifkan. Dengan kata lain peristiwa ekonomi MEA tidak mengandung informasi yang berarti bagi investor sehingga membuat pasar tidak bereaksi
Heat shock factor 5 establishes the male germ-line meiotic sex chromosome inactivation through regulation of Smarca4
Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation is an essential event in male germ cell development, which is directed by DNA damage response signaling independent of Xist RNA to silence the transcription activity of the sex chromosomes. However, the specific mechanism of establishment and maintenance of meiotic chromosome silencing is still unclear. Here we identify the HSF5 as a testicular specific protein and the expression of which was at the onset of meiosis pachytene stage to round sperm. When the function of the HSF5 was lost, meiosis sex chromosome remodeling and silencing fail, followed by activation of CHK2 checkpoint leads to germ cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that SMARCA4 in the linking the HSF5 to MSCI and uncover additional factors with meiotic sex chromosome remodeling. Together, our results demonstrate a requirement for HSF5 activity in spermatogenesis and suggest a role for the mammalian HSF5-SMARCA4 in programmed meiotic sex chromosome remodeling and silencing events that take place during meiosis
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