COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS IN LITHUANIA AND KAZAKHSTAN

Purpose of Study: The aim of the study is to investigate the comparative analysis of the enforcement of contracts in Lithuania and Kazakhstan. Methodology: Comparative qualitative research methods. Results: The enforcement by arbitration or mediation is not permitted in Kazakhstan. Even now, Kazakhstan fails to rely on the institutions of arbitration or mediation and neither their awards are enforceable by the civil courts. Implications/Applications: Enforcement of contracts is still developing in Kazakhstan while it has been developed and fully adopted as per international standards in Lithuania

The Constraint on FCNC Coupling of the Top Quark with a Gluon from ep Collisions

Using the constraint on the single top production cross-section obtained at the HERA collider, $\sigma(ep \to e t X)$, we evaluate an upper limit on oupling constant of the anomalous top quark interaction with a gluon via flavor-changing neutral current: $|\kappa_{tgq}/\Lambda| \le 0.4 {TeV}^{-1}$, BR$(t \to gq) < 13$Comment: Latex, 3 figures, missed references were adde

Identity of Kazakhs of Mongolia in Everyday Life

The article deals with the mechanisms of functioning and reproduction of ethnic identity among Kazakhs living in the territory of Western Mongolia. The research, based on the field studies, presents the ethnography of everyday life of Kazakh diaspora. Preliminary analysis showed that it is the ethnic group united by the diaspora that is capable of consolidating the particularities and preserving its ethnic identity. Different conditions and mechanisms for the formation of ethno-cultural identity in a specific diaspora pre-determine its differences in structure, priority elements, and sustainability. The authors comes to the conclusion that the objects of traditional material culture, which are assigned the role of “ethnic markers”, as well as the articulation in public space of ethnic, tribal and religious identity contribute to the process of maintaining and representing the ethno-cultural identity of Kazakhs of Mongolia

Influence of Adhesion Additives on the Grip of Bitumen to Stone Material and Water Resistance of Asphalt Concrete

The primary condition for obtaining high-quality asphalt concrete is good adhesion of bitumen to mineral material, which is ensured by good wetting and chemical interaction of the components. The solution to this problem is achieved by using adhesive additives with surface-active properties that enhance adsorption and chemisorption processes on the surface of the mineral material. This paper presents the results of an experimental study to determine the effect of adhesive additives on the adhesion of bitumen to stone material. For this work, bitumen of the BND 100/130 brand with adhesive additives “Wetfix Be”, Amdor-9 and AlfaDob were used. The elemental and phase compositions of the stone material of 10 quarries of the Republic of Kazakhstan were determined using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray phase analyses. The elemental composition showed the content of oxides: CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and oxides: SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CO2 in minerals. Based on the results of the X-ray phase analysis, the percentage mineralogical composition of stone materials was determined and the total silicon dioxide was calculated based on the chemical formula corresponding to certain minerals

Anomalous Single Top Production at the LHeC Based gamma p Collider

The top quark could provide very important information for the Standard Model extentions due to its large mass close to the electroweak symmetry breaking scale. In this work, anomalous single top production is studied by using gamma p-->W^{+}b process at the LHeC based gamma p collider. The sensitivity to anomalous coupling kappa/Lambda could be reached down to 0.01 TeV^{-1}.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 table

Sex differentials in the prevalence of behavioral risk factors and non-communicable diseases in adult populations of West Kazakhstan

IntroductionThe prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing worldwide. Several modifiable risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, physical inactivity, and obesity, have been linked to the development of NCDs in both genders. Understanding the prevalence of these risk factors and their associated factors is crucial for effective intervention planning in adult populations. This study aimed to provide an overview of the prevalence and associated factors of these risk behaviors among different genders of adults in West Kazakhstan.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in four regions of West Kazakhstan. A stratified multistage sampling technique was utilized to obtain a representative sample size of 4,800 participants aged 18 -69 years. Trained researchers administered face-to-face interviews using validated questionnaires to gather information pertaining to sociodemographic characteristics, smoking habits, alcohol drinking, dietary patterns, physical activity levels, body mass index (BMI), and prevalent diseases.ResultsThis study, which included 4,800 participants from West Kazakhstan, revealed some striking numerical findings. The overall prevalence rates of behavioral risk factors and metabolic conditions were as follows: smoking was 13.6% (95%CI: 3.2–24.0%), alcohol drinking was 47.0% (27.7–66.3%), current obesity was 22.3% (9.0–35.6%), and physical inactivity was 80.7% (55.4–106.0%). In addition, the overall prevalence rates of metabolic conditions were 25.6% (11.3–39.9%) for hypertension, 7.5% (0.2–15.2%) for diabetes, 11.8% (2.1–21.5%) for high cholesterol, and 13.0% (2.8–23.2%) for cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, a higher prevalence of high cholesterol was observed in men, and a greater prevalence of heart disease was identified in women. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that physical inactivity was associated with hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, while obesity was linked to hypertension, high cholesterol, and heart disease.DiscussionThis study in West Kazakhstan identified variations in the prevalence of behavioral risk factors and NCDs, highlighting gender, age, and regional disparities. Notably, men showed higher rates of smoking and alcohol drinking, while women exhibited a greater prevalence of physical inactivity and obesity. Gender and regional differences were evident, with the West Kazakhstan region standing out for distinct patterns. Tailored interventions are crucial to address these disparities and enhance public health in the region

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

DELIVERY OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES FROM MICROENCAPSULATED CELLS

The use of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) is a promising therapeutic approach for the prophylaxis and treatment of a wide range of illnesses, including cancer, autoimmune, and infectious disorders. They currently rank among the most widely used drugs in the pharmaceutical sector. The area of medicine where mabs are most extensively employed is oncology. Unfortunately, the complicated and costly nature of mab design, mab secretion, and purification are prohibitive and pose a hurdle to product development and pre-clinical modification, which is a significant obstacle to the use of mab therapy in clinical practice. Additionally, parenteral mab administration also poses clinical difficulties. Patients experience mild-to-moderate injection site and infusion-related responses, despite mab therapy having a low overall reactogenicity. Here, we proposed that mabs might be efficiently given by allogeneic cells that produce mabs and are encapsulated to increase cell viability and safeguard against host immunological reactions. Various illnesses, such as diabetes mellitus, anemia, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease, have been successfully treated in animal models and people through the delivery of therapeutic drugs by microencapsulated single-cell populations. A single injection of microcapsules is anticipated to be effective since the microcapsules can be tailored to last for the duration necessary for the treatment by altering the concentration of alginate and the cross-linking of alginate with PLL. While preventing immune cells from attacking the enclosed cells, the biocompatible membrane permits a bidirectional flow of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products. When a slow, continuous mab release over a lengthy period of time is necessary, cell encapsulation-aided mab delivery is preferable to bolus mab injection. Therefore, in this pre-clinical model, we investigated the feasibility of mab administration utilizing an enclosed cell culture that expresses mab. Until now, transformed hybridoma cells have been used to produce and secrete mabs. The novelty of this study is the use of non-professional immune cells, such as murine G8 myoblasts and human HEK293 (human embryonic kidney cells) cells, to secrete mabs. These cells were transfected with plasmids that encode the heavy and light chains of human IgG specific for antigens relevant in treating cancer and COVID-19 and then enclosed in alginate microcapsules. Afterward, immunocompetent (C57/BL6J) mice were intraperitoneally implanted with the microcapsules, and changes in the level of circulating mab were evaluated. Western blotting, ELISA, and microscopy were used to characterize the mab both in vitro and ex vivo. Co-transfected G8 cells secreted intact IgG at sustained levels similar to transfected HEK293 cells. Partial characterization of the secreted mab was performed. Mice implanted with 4 microcapsules containing G8 cells secreting mab induced the detection of blood mab for 40 days. This study shows the feasibility of cell microencapsulation for the systemic delivery of intact mab. This method has potential significant therapeutic applications that call for further investigation

Юридическая сущность тендера при осуществлении государственных закупок в Республике Казахстан. Қазақстан Республикасындағы мемлекеттік сатып алудың жүзеге асыру кезіндегі тендердің заңды мәні.

Статья посвящена изучению и анализу тендерных закупок как современного метода получения государственных заказов. Автором представлены определение тендера, его виды и механизм работы по законодательству Республики Казахстан. В статье проанализированы сильные и слабые стороны процедуры тендера как конкурсного обязательства. Мақалада тендермен сатып алу мемлекеттік тапсырысты алудың қазіргі заманғы әдісі ретінде талданған. Қазақстан Республикасының заңнамасы бойынша тендердің ұйғарымы, оның түрлері және жұмыс механизмі берілген. Мақалада тендер рәсімінің конкурстық міндеттемелері ретінде күшті және әлсіз жақтары сараланған