Seasonal wetlands in the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and Nicaragua: environmental characterisation and conservation state.

Seasonal wetlands in the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and Nicaragua: environmental characterisation and conservation status On the Pacific coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, rainfall patterns and clay-rich soils allow the development of extensive wetlands. These environments constitute unique habitats for the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity and provide significant ecological services to the surrounding seasonal dry forest. Despite these benefits, wetlands have been severely reduced in the last four decades, and little information is available on their biology and current conservation status. Here, we describe the main limnological traits of 30 sites representing different types of wetlands from four distinct physiographic regions: Tempisque River Lower Basin; Tempisque River Middle Basin; Delta del Estero Real River; and the Oriental Region of Nicaragua. At each site, samples were taken at the beginning (infilling phase), middle (maximum flooded areas) and end (desiccation phase) of the 2010 hydrological cycle. We analysed a set of water parameters (depth, temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, major ions and nutrient concentrations) and biological parameters (shoreline vegetation, chlorophyll a, macrophyte cover) and assessed the conservation status of wetlands using the Index of the State of Conservation of Shallow Lentic Ecosystems (ECELS). In most sites, the water was relatively clear with near basic pH-values, low conductivity, and low levels of dissolved oxygen, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and sulphates. Chlorophyll a and alkalinity varied through the season and among regions. Ion concentrations were generally low in most wetlands except for those close to estuarine and marine coastal areas. A total of 49 taxa of aquatic plants were found in the study sites, the most common being the emergent Typha domingensis and Thalia geniculata, and the floating Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes. Wetlands within the same region exhibited We great similarity in their aquatic plant communities but not necessarily in their physicochemical attributes. According to the ECELS index, wetlands could be ranked from medium to good quality, although most of them are threatened by anthropogenic impacts, including those protected at Delta del Estero Real Nature Reserve (Nicaragua) and Palo Verde National Park (Costa Rica). On the Pacific coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, rainfall patterns and clay-rich soils allow the development of extensive wetlands. These environments constitute unique habitats for the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity and provide significant ecological services to the surrounding seasonal dry forest. Despite these benefits, wetlands have been severely reduced in the last four decades, and little information is available on their biology and current conservation status. Here, we describe the main limnological traits of 30 sites representing different types of wetlands from four distinct physiographic regions: Tempisque River Lower Basin; Tempisque RiverMiddle Basin; Delta del Estero Real River; and the Oriental Region of Nicaragua. At each site, samples were taken at the beginning (infilling phase), middle (maximum flooded areas) and end (desiccation phase) of the 2010 hydrological cycle. We analysed a set of water parameters (depth, temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, major ions and nutrient concentrations) and biological parameters (shoreline vegetation, chlorophyll a, macrophyte cover) and assessed the conservation status of wetlands using the Index of the State of Conservation of Shallow Lentic Ecosystems (ECELS). In most sites, the water was relatively clear with near basic pH-values, low conductivity, and low levels of dissolved oxygen, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and sulphates. Chlorophyll a and alkalinity varied through the season and among regions. Ion concentrations were generally low in most wetlands except for those close to estuarine and marine coastal areas. A total of 49 taxa of aquatic plants were found in the study sites, the most common being the emergent Typha domingensis and Thalia geniculata, and the floating Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes. Wetlands within the same region exhibited great similarity in their aquatic plant communities but not necessarily in their physicochemical attributes. According to the ECELS index, wetlands could be ranked from medium to good quality, although most of them are threatened by anthropogenic impacts, including those protected at Delta del Estero Real Nature Reserve (Nicaragua) and Palo Verde National Park (Costa Rica)

Influence of non-osteoporotic treatments in patients on active anti-osteoporotic therapy: evidence from the OSTEOMED registry

Producción CientíficaPurpose To evaluate the effect of different non-osteoporotic drugs on the increase or decrease in the risk of incident fragility fractures (vertebral, humerus or hip) in a cohort of patients diagnosed with osteoporosis on active anti-osteoporotic therapy. Methods For this retrospective longitudinal study, baseline and follow-up data on prescribed non-osteoporotic treatments and the occurrence of vertebral, humerus or hip fractures in 993 patients from the OSTEOMED registry were analyzed using logistic regression models. The drugs evaluated with a possible beneficial effect were thiazides and statins, while the drugs evaluated with a possible harmful effect were antiandrogens, aromatase inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, benzodiazepines, GnRH agonists, thyroid hormones, and oral and inhaled corticosteroids. Results Logistic regression analyses indicated that no treatment significantly improved fracture risk, with the only treatments that significantly worsened fracture risk being letrozole (OR = 0.18, p-value = 0.03) and oral corticosteroids at doses ≤ 5 mg/ day (OR = 0.16, p-value = 0.03) and > 5 mg/day (OR = 0.27, p-value = 0.04). Conclusion The potential beneficial or detrimental effects of the different drugs evaluated on fracture risk are masked by treatment with anabolic or antiresorptive drugs that have a more potent action on bone metabolism, with two exceptions: letrozole and oral corticosteroids. These findings may have important clinical implications, as patients receiving these treat- ments are not fully protected by bisphosphonates, which may imply the need for more potent anti-osteoporotic drugs such as denosumab or teriparatide.Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL

Modelo para la mejora del acceso y permanencia de grupos vulnerables en educación secundaria postobligatoria (APESE)

El presente documento es resultado del Proyecto 'Acceso y permanencia de grupos vulnerables en la educación secundaria no obligatoria. Creación y validación de un modelo de intervención' financiado por la convocatoria de I+D RETOS (EDU2013-47452-R). Presenta el Modelo de Acceso y Permanencia en la Educación Secundaria Postobligatoria [APESE] desarrollado para el contexto de la educación secundaria postobligatoria, con el objetivo de asegurar una transición más pertinente desde la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria y mayores tasas de éxito en esta etapa para los colectivos identificados como vulnerables (prioritariamente, estudiantes con un nivel socioeconómico bajo, inmigrantes, gitanos, personas con discapacidad y género

Perfil de los pacientes que acuden al médico internista para valoración de osteoporosis: registro OSTEOMED

Producción CientíficaAntecedentes y objetivo: La osteoporosis se considera un trastorno generalizado del esqueleto en el que existe una alteración de la resistencia ósea que predispone a la persona a un mayor riesgo de fractura. Este estudio transversal pretende recoger y presentar las principales características clínicas de los pacientes que acuden a la consulta de los médicos internistas en Espa˜na. Conocer estas características podría facilitar la puesta en marcha de planes de actuación para mejorar la atención de estos pacientes de manera más eficaz y eficiente. Material y métodos: A través del análisis del registro OSTEOMED (Osteoporosis en Medicina Interna), este trabajo presenta las principales características clínicas de los pacientes con osteoporosis que acudieron a las consultas de Medicina Interna en 23 centros hospitalarios espa˜noles entre 2012 y 2017. Se han analizado los motivos de consulta, los valores densitométricos, la presencia de comorbilidades, el tratamiento prescrito y otros factores relacionados con el estilo de vida. Resultados: En total se evaluó a 2.024 pacientes con osteoporosis (89,87% mujeres, 10,13% hombres). La edad media de los pacientes fue de 64,1 ± 12,1 a˜nos (mujeres, 64,7 ± 11,5 a˜nos; hombres, 61,2 ± 14,2 a˜nos). No hubo diferencia entre sexos en la historia de caídas recientes (9,1-6,7%), mientras que sí se apreció en la ingesta diaria de calcio de lácteos (553,8 ± 332,6 mg en mujeres vs. 450,2 ± 303,3 mg en hombres; p < 0,001) y en causas secundarias de osteoporosis(13% de hombres vs. 6,5% de mujeres; p < 0,001). En la muestra se observaron un total de 404fracturas (20%), destacando el número de fracturas vertebrales confirmadas (17,2%, 35,6% enhombres vs. 15,2% de las mujeres; p < 0,001). Una gran parte de los pacientes no recibía eltratamiento indicado y presentaba bajos niveles de actividad física y exposición solar. Un por-centaje importante de pacientes presentó comorbilidades asociadas, siendo las más frecuentesla hipertensión (32%) y la dislipidemia (28%).Conclusiones: Estos resultados definen el perfil del paciente con osteoporosis que acude a laconsulta de Medicina Interna en Espa˜na. Además, ponen de manifiesto el carácter multisistémicode esta entidad que junto con su elevada prevalencia determinan que las consultas específicasde Medicina Interna dedicadas a su manejo son el lugar adecuado para la atención de estos pacientes

Repensar els estudis catalans des de la teoria queer

Catalan Studies are basically focused on national/linguistic identity, but recent debate on Catalan identity triggered by the current pro-independent process in Catalonia, may help reshape this academic field. A more diverse approach to Catalan culture should consider sexuality, which has traditionally been banished from literary analysis as a ‘private’ matter. Here, we discussed how queer theory can reframe Catalan Studies mainly by building a specific LGBT literary tradition, identifying queer episodes and characters in the canon, questioning received meanings, promoting interdisciplinary analysis of Catalan culture and exploring the role of queer subjectivity in history

The Botryosphaeriaceae: genera and species known from culture

In this paper we give an account of the genera and species in the Botryosphaeriaceae. We consider morphological characters alone as inadequate to define genera or identify species, given the confusion it has repeatedly introduced in the past, their variation during development, and inevitable overlap as representation grows. Thus it seems likely that all of the older taxa linked to the Botryosphaeriaceae, and for which cultures or DNA sequence data are not available, cannot be linked to the species in this family that are known from culture. Such older taxa will have to be disregarded for future use unless they are epitypified. We therefore focus this paper on the 17 genera that can now be recognised phylogenetically, which concentrates on the species that are presently known from culture. Included is a historical overview of the family, the morphological features that define the genera and species and detailed descriptions of the 17 genera and 110 species. Keys to the genera and species are also provided. Phylogenetic relationships of the genera are given in a multi-locus tree based on combined SSU, ITS, LSU, EF1-α and β-tubulin sequences. The morphological descriptions are supplemented by phylogenetic trees (ITS alone or ITS + EF1-α) for the species in each genus.We would like to thank the curators of the numerous fungaria and Biological Resource Centres cited in this paper, for making specimens and cultures available for examination over the past 15 yr, without which this study would not have been possible. Part of this work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal) through grant PEst-OE/BIA/UI0457/2011. Artur Alves and Alan Phillips were supported by the programme Ciência 2008, co-funded by the Human Potential Operational Programme (National Strategic Reference Framework 2007–2013) and the European Social Fund (EU).publishe

Base de datos de variables geográficas y limnológicas de 30 lagunas someras de la costa pacífica de Nicaragua y Costa Rica

Esta base de datos contiene los valores de 24 variables (geográficas y limnológicas) de 30 lagunas costeras de la costa pacífica de Nicaragua y Costa Rica en tres periodos de su año hidrológico: comienzo de las lluvias (junio 2010), plena inundación (septiembre 2010) y sequía (enero 2011). En esta matriz de datos las filas son los cuerpos de agua muestreados y las columnas las variables. Cada periodo hidrológico muestreado se presenta en una hoja aparte. Descripción de estas lagunas basada en esta y en otra información se puede encontrar en Sasa et al. (2015: Limnetica vol 34)

Caracterización de la vegetación subacuática y palustre del Ullal de Massalavés (Valencia)

En el presente trabajo se presenta la caracterización de la vegetación subacuática y palustre del Ullal de Massalvés (Valencia), un ecosistema acuático singular recientemente restaurado, incluido en el Catálogo de Zonas Húmedas de la Comunidad Valenciana. Se realizaron transectos lineales en la surgencia de agua y el primer tramo de río. La vegetación caracterizada es eminentemente pionera (como corresponde tras una restauración ambiental), aunque se encontraron especies raras o poco frecuentes, típicas de estos ambientes.In this paper we have made a study of the submerged macrophytes and marshland vegetation of Ullal de Massalavés (Valencia). This singular aquatic ecosystem is a recently restored spring pool, included in the Wetlands Catalog of the Comunidad Valenciana; and it is also the source for the Río Verde. To characterize the vegetation we used linear transects across the spring pool and along the banks in the pool and first section of the river. This vegetation is primarily pioneer (as usual after an environmental restoration), but we found rare or uncommon species as the aquatic fern Thelypteris palustris, which gives aditional interest to this place

Humedales estacionales de la costa Pacífica de Costa Rica y Nicaragua. Caracterización ambiental y estado de conservación

On the Pacific coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, rainfall patterns and clay-rich soils allow the development of extensive wetlands. These environments constitute unique habitats for the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity and provide significant ecological services to the surrounding seasonal dry forest. Despite these benefits, wetlands have been severely reduced in the last four decades, and little information is available on their biology and current conservation status. Here, we describe the main limnological traits of 30 sites representing different types of wetlands from four distinct physiographic regions: Tempisque River Lower Basin; Tempisque RiverMiddle Basin; Delta del Estero Real River; and the Oriental Region of Nicaragua. At each site, samples were taken at the beginning (infilling phase), middle (maximum flooded areas) and end (desiccation phase) of the 2010 hydrological cycle. We analysed a set of water parameters (depth, temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, major ions and nutrient concentrations) and biological parameters (shoreline vegetation, chlorophyll a, macrophyte cover) and assessed the conservation status of wetlands using the Index of the State of Conservation of Shallow Lentic Ecosystems (ECELS). In most sites, the water was relatively clear with near basic pH-values, low conductivity, and low levels of dissolved oxygen, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and sulphates. Chlorophyll a and alkalinity varied through the season and among regions. Ion concentrations were generally low in most wetlands except for those close to estuarine and marine coastal areas. A total of 49 taxa of aquatic plants were found in the study sites, the most common being the emergent Typha domingensis and Thalia geniculata, and the floating Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes. Wetlands within the same region exhibited great similarity in their aquatic plant communities but not necessarily in their physicochemical attributes. According to the ECELS index, wetlands could be ranked from medium to good quality, although most of them are threatened by anthropogenic impacts, including those protected at Delta del Estero Real Nature Reserve (Nicaragua) and Palo Verde National Park (Costa Rica).En la costa Pacífica de Nicaragua y Costa Rica, el régimen pluvial y los suelos ricos en arcillas permiten el desarrollo de extensos humedales. Estos ambientes constituyen hábitats únicos para el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad acuática y proporcionan servicios ecológicos importantes para el bosque seco estacional circundante. A pesar de estos beneficios, los humedales se han reducido drásticamente en las últimas cuatro décadas y actualmente se dispone de poca información sobre su biología y estado de conservación. En este trabajo describimos los principales atributos limnológicos de 30 sitios que representan diferentes tipos de humedales de cuatro regiones fisiográficas distintas: la Cuenca Baja del Río Tempisque; la Cuenca Media del Río Tempisque; Delta del Río Estero Real y la Región Oriental de Nicaragua. En cada sitio, se tomaron muestras al inicio (fase de inundación), mitad (máxima inundación) y final (inicio de fase de desecación) del ciclo hidrológico del 2010. Se analizó un conjunto de variables físico-químicas del agua (profundidad, temperatura, pH, conductividad, oxígeno disuelto y concentración de iones principales y nutrientes) y biológicas (cobertura de vegetación litoral y de macrófitos, clorofila-a) y evaluamos su estado de conservación mediante el Índice del Estado de Conservación de los Ecosistemas Lénticos Superficiales (ECELS). En la mayoría de sitios, el agua es relativamente clara, con pH casi básico, baja conductividad y bajos niveles de oxígeno disuelto, nitratos, nitritos, fosfatos y sulfatos. La clorofila a y la alcalinidad varían a través de las estaciones y entre las regiones. Las concentraciones de iones fueron bajas en todos los humedales a excepción de aquellos situados en lugares cercanos a zonas estuarinas o marinas. Observamos un total de 49 taxones de plantas acuáticas en nuestros muestreos, siendo las más comunes las emergentes Typha domingensis y Thalia geniculata y las flotantes Pistia stratiotes y Eichhornia crassipes. Los humedales dentro de la misma región muestran también gran similitud en sus comunidades de plantas acuáticas, pero no necesariamente en sus atributos fisicoquimicos. Según el índice ECELS, los humedales estacionales podrían ser clasificados como de calidad media a buena, aunque la mayoría de ellos están amenazados por impactos antropogénicos, incluyendo humedales protegidos, como la Reserva Natural del Delta Estero Real (Nicaragua) y el Parque Nacional Palo Verde (Costa Rica).Universidad de Costa Rica/[741-B1-517]/UCR/Costa RicaSpanish Agency for International Development Cooperation/[A1024073/09]/AECID/EspañaSpanish Agency for International Development Cooperation/[A / 031019/10]/AECID/EspañaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP