Peaks of Otter Salamander (Plethodon hubrichti) Condition: Optimal Elevations for This Montane Species of Salamander

Undergraduate Basi

Development of a fatty liver model using oleic acid in primary liver cells isolated from Atlantic salmon and the prevention of lipid accumulation using metformin

The following study aimed to develop a fatty liver model in primary hepatocytes isolated from Atlantic salmon. In order to induce the fatty liver, oleic acid (OA) at 0.2 or 0.4 mM was used. Metformin, known to prevent and cure fatty liver in mammalian cells, was used at 1 or 10 mM for 24 hr before addition of OA to test possible prevention effect of metformin on the OA‐induced fatty liver phenotype. Cells grown in 0.2 mM OA did not increase the mean number of lipid droplets, while cells grown in 0.4 mM OA increased the number of lipid droplets within the liver cells (p < 0.0001). Metformin pretreatment prior to OA supplementation reduced the mean number of lipid droplets. Gene expression of ApoB100, CD36 and PPARa increased in cells treated with metformin and most so at 10 mM. On the other hand, gene expression of LXR, SREBP2 and CPT‐1 decreased at both concentrations of metformin, while OA treatment did not affect these genes. Gene expression of IL‐8 increased by 0.4 mM OA (p = 0.002). Metformin reduced the gene expression of IL‐8. Thus, metformin efficiently enhanced the expression of genes related to transport and oxidation of lipids in hepatic cells of salmon, but required higher concentrations of OA and metformin than those required in rodent models to increase and prevent lipid accumulation, respectively.publishedVersio

Pengaruh Pemberian Suplemen Organik Cair GDM terhadap Pertumbuhan Ayam Kampung (Gallus domesticus)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian suplemen organik cair GDM terhadap pertumbuhan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, dan konversi pakan pada Ayam Kampung (Gallus domesticus) yang dipelihara. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kandang Program Studi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor selama 12 minggu; sejak bulan Januari sampai Maret 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor Ayam Kampung berumur 8 minggu. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan dengan masing-masing ulangan menggunakan 1 ekor ayam. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah R0 (tanpa suplemen organik cair GDM), R1 (suplemen organik cair GDM 0,3 ml), R2 (suplemen organik cair GDM 0,5 ml), dan R3 (suplemen organik cair GDM 0,7 ml). Variabel dalam penelitian ini meliputi pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, dan konversi pakan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian perlakuan R0, R1, R2, dan R3 berturut-turut menunjukkan bahwa pertambahan berat sebesar 127,00±2,54, 137,40±3,91, 138,60±2,88, dan 128,00±5,38 g/ekor/minggu; konsumsi pakan sebesar 758,308±38,45, 724,286±13,91, 710,056±18,69, dan 741,424±73,15 g/ekor/minggu; serta konversi pakan sebesar 5,972±0,33, 5,274±0,14, 5,122±0,07, dan 5,788±0,42. Analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suplemen organik cair GDM berbeda nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan (P&lt;0,05) sedangkan konsumsi pakan tidak signifikan. Disimpulkan bahwa suplemen organik cair GDM 0,3 dan 0,5 yang dicampurkan kedalam air minum memberikan hasil terbaik pada pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan Ayam Kampung

Differential production of prostaglandins and prostacyclins by liver and head kidney cells from Atlantic salmon challenged with arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids

Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids are the precursors of eicosanoid metabolites (e.g prostaglandins and prostacyclins) which regulate inflammatory and immune response processes in fish organs. The present research studies the differential production of PGI2, PGI3, PGE2 and PGE3 by primary liver and head kidney cells isolated from salmon and challenged with single or combined ARA and/or EPA. There was a significant increase in the production of PGE2 and PGI3 in both types of cells after exposure to single and combined fatty acids. Increased production of PGE3 was only detected in liver cells after exposure to ARA+EPA. The levels of PGI2 in liver cells were significantly increased after exposure to all the tested fatty acid systems, while the production levels in head kidney cells were only significant after exposure to ARA or ARA+EPA, but not to EPA, where the production was non-significantly decreased compared to the control cells. In general, liver cells synthetized higher prostaglandin levels than prostacyclins, and the opposite was observed in head kidney cells, which synthetized highly remarkable amounts of prostacyclin compared to liver cells. The overall production for both types of cells and various fatty acid systems were characterized by a high proportion of the omega-3 fatty acid metabolites (PGE3+PGI3) compared to the omega-6 counterpart (PGE2+PGI2). Some potential production mechanisms are proposed and comprehensively discussed. The results of the present research are the first to deliver the differential production of prostacyclins and prostaglandins by liver and head kidney cells from salmon, thereby paving the way for understanding the significance of these prostanoids in fish physiology and disease.publishedVersio

O rádio AM como meio de educação para o aleitamento materno

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de ProduçãoDada a necessidade de educar mulheres da comunidade rural a respeito do aleitamento materno, surge a proposta de utilização do rádio para abordagem deste tema. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral elaborar uma proposta de intervenção na educação em saúde por intermédio do rádio, utilizando a participação de mães experientes e Agentes Comunitários de Saúde das comunidades rurais de Feira de Santana / BA, Brasil. Optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se a entrevista. A população estudada compõe-se de dezesseis puérperas egressas da zona rural. Na análise dos dados, utilizou-se o método de Análise de Conteúdo. Evidenciou-se o difícil acesso aos Serviços de Saúde e às fontes de informação sobre aleitamento materno e seus benefícios por parte da população feminina rural

Supporting Beacon and Event-Driven Messages in Vehicular Platoons through Token-Based Strategies

[EN] Timely and reliable inter-vehicle communications is a critical requirement to support traffic safety applications, such as vehicle platooning. Furthermore, low-delay communications allow the platoon to react quickly to unexpected events. In this scope, having a predictable and highly effective medium access control (MAC) method is of utmost importance. However, the currently available IEEE 802.11p technology is unable to adequately address these challenges. In this paper, we propose a MAC method especially adapted to platoons, able to transmit beacons within the required time constraints, but with a higher reliability level than IEEE 802.11p, while concurrently enabling efficient dissemination of event-driven messages. The protocol circulates the token within the platoon not in a round-robin fashion, but based on beacon data age, i.e., the time that has passed since the previous collection of status information, thereby automatically offering repeated beacon transmission opportunities for increased reliability. In addition, we propose three different methods for supporting event-driven messages co-existing with beacons. Analysis and simulation results in single and multi-hop scenarios showed that, by providing non-competitive channel access and frequent retransmission opportunities, our protocol can offer beacon delivery within one beacon generation interval while fulfilling the requirements on low-delay dissemination of event-driven messages for traffic safety applications.This work was partially supported by the Knowledge Foundation (KKS) via the ELECTRA project, the SafeCOP project, which is funded from the ECSEL Joint Undertaking under grant agreement n0 692529, and from national funding.Balador, A.; Uhlemann, E.; Tavares De Araujo Cesariny Calafate, CM.; Cano, J. (2018). Supporting Beacon and Event-Driven Messages in Vehicular Platoons through Token-Based Strategies. Sensors. 18(4):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18040955S117184Omar, H. A., Zhuang, W., & Li, L. (2013). VeMAC: A TDMA-Based MAC Protocol for Reliable Broadcast in VANETs. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 12(9), 1724-1736. doi:10.1109/tmc.2012.142Bergenhem, C., Hedin, E., & Skarin, D. (2012). Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication for a Platooning System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 48, 1222-1233. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1098Hadded, M., Muhlethaler, P., Laouiti, A., Zagrouba, R., & Saidane, L. A. (2015). TDMA-Based MAC Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey, Qualitative Analysis, and Open Research Issues. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 17(4), 2461-2492. doi:10.1109/comst.2015.2440374Fernandes, P., & Nunes, U. (2012). Platooning With IVC-Enabled Autonomous Vehicles: Strategies to Mitigate Communication Delays, Improve Safety and Traffic Flow. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 13(1), 91-106. doi:10.1109/tits.2011.2179936Hassanabadi, B., & Valaee, S. (2014). Reliable Periodic Safety Message Broadcasting in VANETs Using Network Coding. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 13(3), 1284-1297. doi:10.1109/twc.2014.010214.122008OMNeT++http://www.omnetpp.orgSommer, C., German, R., & Dressler, F. (2011). Bidirectionally Coupled Network and Road Traffic Simulation for Improved IVC Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 10(1), 3-15. doi:10.1109/tmc.2010.133Akhtar, N., Ergen, S. C., & Ozkasap, O. (2015). Vehicle Mobility and Communication Channel Models for Realistic and Efficient Highway VANET Simulation. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 64(1), 248-262. doi:10.1109/tvt.2014.231910

A reliable token-based MAC protocol for delay sensitive platooning applications

© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Platooning is both a challenging and rewarding application. Challenging since strict timing and reliability requirements are imposed by the distributed control system required to operate the platoon. Rewarding since considerable fuel reductions are possible. As platooning takes place in a vehicular ad hoc network, the use of IEEE 802.11p is close to mandatory. However, the 802.11p medium access method suffers from packet collisions and random delays. Most ongoing research suggests using TDMA on top of 802.11p as a potential remedy. However, TDMA requires synchronization and is not very flexible if the beacon frequency needs to be updated, the number of platoon member changes or if retransmissions for increased reliability are required. We therefore suggest a token-passing medium access method where the next token holder is selected based on beacon data age. This has the advantage of allowing beacons to be re-broadcasted in each beacon interval whenever time and bandwidth is available. We show that our token-based method is able to reduce the data age and increase reliability considerably compared to pure 802.11p.This work was partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain, under Grant TIN2011-27543- C03-01. Balador is funded by ERASMUS+ programme, and Böhm and Uhlemann are also funded by the Knowledge Foundation through the ACDC projectBalador, A.; Böhm, A.; Uhlemann, E.; Tavares De Araujo Cesariny Calafate, CM.; Cano Escribá, JC. (2015). A reliable token-based MAC protocol for delay sensitive platooning applications. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2015.7390813

CONTRIBUIÇÃO AO ENTENDIMENTO DA FORMAÇÃO DA LINHA DE PESQUISA NA ÁREA DE ENSINO CONTÁBIL NO BRASIL

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma descrição do cenário da linha de pesquisa em Ensino Contábil no Brasil, no intuito de identificar características da referida área de pesquisa. A metodologia do estudo quanto aos objetivos foi de caráter descritivo e com relação aos procedimentos, se deu por meio de levantamento dos dados disponíveis nos programas de pós-graduação em contabilidade no Brasil, no site da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e nos currículos lattes dos pesquisados. O estudo teve como foco a análise da estratégia de pesquisa dos doutores titulados pelo programa de Controladoria e Contabilidade da FEA-USP que defenderam suas teses em Ensino Contábil desde o início do programa até maio de 2014 e dos orientadores em Ensino Contábil dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu em contabilidade do Brasil. Como principais contribuições, foi constatado que a linha de Ensino Contábil no Brasil ainda é incipiente se comparada com as demais linhas já consolidadas, fato que se evidencia na baixa quantidade de doutores em contabilidade que defenderam suas teses nessa linha e que mantiveram sua trajetória atuante podendo ser explicado pelo poder ideológico dos pesquisadores. Dos dez pesquisados, um segue a trajetória no Ensino Contábil. Outro indício da incipiência da linha pesquisa é encontrado na trajetória de pesquisa dos orientadores em Ensino Contábil, todos intercalam publicação e orientação em Ensino Contábil com publicação e orientação em outras linhas de pesquisa. Como potencialidades, o estudo aponta para a crescente demanda de temas oportunos à área e que precisam ser discutidos e aprofundados

ACESSO DE ESTUDANTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR

O texto analisa avanços e desafios do acesso de estudantes com deficiência à educação superior, no cenário de globalização e de políticas neoliberais, dos compromissos e acordos firmados pelo Brasil com a agenda internacional de Educação para Todos (1990) e com os princípios da Declaração de Salamanca (2004) que anunciaram um novo paradigma para a educação especial, o processo de inclusão. A partir do fosso das desigualdades no sistema capitalista, busca apreender as políticas de acesso, demostrando contradições presentes nesse movimento que interferem no acesso à educação superior. Nesse cenário, considerando as políticas de educação superior materializadas em diferentes governos, destacam-se as ações destinadas às pessoas com deficiência. A pesquisa apresenta dados sobre características do acesso desse grupo aos cursos de graduação no Brasil a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e exploratória, em um recorte temporal de 2013 a 2019 para a coleta das informações do Censo da Educação Superior, a partir das variáveis matrículas, vagas, modalidade do curso, ingresso, sexo, raça e grau acadêmico, por categoria administrativa e pessoa com deficiência. Os dados apontam um avanço no processo de inclusão da pessoa com deficiência em cursos superiores, principalmente no que se refere à ampliação de políticas destinadas a esse grupo; e os desafios emergem da necessidade de ampliação do acesso, que se destaca timidamente, e da falta de políticas de permanência, uma vez que o processo de inclusão ultrapassa o simples ingresso