Alterações antropométricas da morfologia nasal em doentes propostos para rinosseptoplastia

Contextualização: A cirurgia estética facial é uma área em expansão e a rinoplastia é uma das intervenções mais comuns neste campo. Através da antropometria, é possível quantificar os parâmetros antropométricos do nariz, sendo essencial o reconhecimento de desvios dos padrões estéticos. Objetivos: Medir os principais parâmetros antropométricos da pirâmide nasal e face em doentes propostos para rinosseptoplastia, compará-los com o padrão estético ideal e comparar os resultados entre ambos os sexos. Métodos: Este estudo retrospetivo envolveu 119 doentes propostos para rinosseptoplastia, sendo 64 mulheres e 55 homens. Através da fotometria, foram obtidas a razão distância alar-intercantal, razão largura-comprimento, ângulo nasofrontal, ângulo nasolabial, ângulo nasomental e projeção da ponta do nariz (método de Goode). Foi realizada análise estatística para comparar as medidas obtidas com os ideais estéticos e entre sexos. Resultados: Comparando com os padrões estéticos ideais, a amostra apresentou uma maior projeção da ponta do nariz, maior relação alar/intercantal, maior relação largura/comprimento, aumento dos ângulos nasofrontal e nasomental e um ângulo nasolabial mais agudo que o padrão ideal estético (p <0.001) . Comparando homens e mulheres, a razão alar/intercantal e a razão largura/comprimento foram superiores nos homens (p <0.001), enquanto o ângulo nasofrontal foi superior nas mulheres (p <0.001). O ângulo nasomental, o ângulo nasolabial e a projeção da ponta do nariz não apresentaram diferenças entre sexos. Conclusão: Este estudo mostra diferenças estatisticamente significativas em todas as medidas antropométricas entre doentes propostos para rinosseptoplastia e os valores estéticos descritos na literatura, assim como diferenças entre sexos. O conhecimento das proporções nasais dos doentes propostos para a rinosseptoplastia é crucial para os cirurgiões no planeamento pré-operatório, avaliação comparativa e aperfeiçoamento das habilidades cirúrgicas.Background: Facial aesthetics surgery is an expanding area and rhinoplasty is one of the most common interventions in this field. Through anthropometry, it is possible to quantify the anthropometric parameters of the nose, being essential the recognition of deviations from the aesthetic standards. Objective: Measure anthropometric parameters of the nasal pyramid and face in patients proposed for rhinoseptoplasty, associate them with the aesthetic ideal and compare results between genders. Methods: This retrospective study involved 119 patients proposed for rhinoseptoplasty, 64 females and 55 males. Using photometry, the alar-intercanthal distance ratio, width-length ratio, nasofrontal angle, nasolabial angle, nasomental angle and projection of the nasal tip (Goode´s method) were obtained. A statistical analysis was performed to compare the measures obtained with the aesthetic ideals and between genders. Results: Compared to the ideal patterns, the sample presented an increased nasal tip projection, higher alar/intercanthal ratio, higher width/length ratio, increased nasofrontal and nasomental angles and a more acute nasolabial angle than the aesthetical pattern (p<0.001). Comparison between males and females revealed that the alar/intercanthal ratio and the width/length ratio were superior in males (p<0.001), while nasofrontal angle was superior in females (p<0.001). Nasomental angle, nasolabial angle and nasal tip projection had no differences between genders. Conclusion: The present study shows a statistically significant difference in all anthropometric measurements between patients proposed to rhinoseptoplasty and the aesthetic values described in the literature, as well as gender differences. Knowledge of nasal proportions of patients proposed to rhinoseptoplasty is crucial for surgeons in preoperative planning, comparative assessment and enhancement of surgical skills

Mental health awareness intervention in schools

The lack of information and stigma associated with mental disorders are major obstacles to the promotion of mental health. The “UPA Makes the Difference: Mental health awareness intervention in schools” project aims to contribute to increase young people knowledge regarding mental health issues. This project is part of the “United to Help Movement”, focusing on the combat of mental illness stigma and discrimination. Objectives: to describe the psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire UH (United to Help) and to verify the adequacy of action to promote mental health. Methods: this study was conducted with 26 students (15-17 year-olds). The mental health intervention is composed by 2 sessions. The questionnaire was administered at the beginning of the 1st session and in the end of the 2nd session. Results: cronbach’s alpha regarding 2 sections of the “Questionnaire UPA” stated poor and acceptable levels of internal consistency (stigmatizing perceptions and perceptions of knowledge, respectively). The post intervention assessment showed a significant increase in the total score of the perceptions of knowledge; no significant differences in stigmatizing perceptions; and a significant decrease in help-seeking intentions when facing a mental health problem, although most participants have come to consider different types of help. Conclusion: the results suggest the need to review the structure of the “stigmatizing perceptions” section of the questionnaire, as well as to conduct new analyses with a larger sample. Furthermore, results show the adequacy of the methodology used in the intervention, particularly in the capacity showed to promote the increase of knowledge regarding mental health issues.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

UPA faz a diferença - Acções de sensibilização pro‐saúde mental junto de jovens entre os 15 e os 18 anos: Diferenças de género

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Agro-industrial wastes as alternative substrates for the production of prebiotic with Zymomonas mobilis

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are promising prebiotics in the relevant and increasing market of functional food. However, to achieve a more sustainable process, the industrial production of FOS should use cheap substrates. Zymomonas mobilis (ZM) has great potential for the production of FOS due to the presence of native enzymes (levansucrase) capable of metabolizing sucrose. In addition, ZM can use different carbon sources, such as molasses and sugarcane juice, which make the FOS production process cost-effective. In this study, sugarcane molasses (a potential replacement of sucrose) and corn step liquor (CSL) (a potential replacement of yeast extract (YE)), were used as nutrients for FOS production using ZM in an in vivo bioprocess approach. FOS production process from sucrose was first optimized and 52 g/L of FOS with a yield of 0.16 g/g was obtained. Afterwards, molasses and CSL were used as alternative nutrients. After studying different combinations of CSL and YE, the highest amount of FOS (54 g/L, with a yield of 0.18 g/g) was obtained with 12 g/L of CSL and 8 g/L of YE. In addition, 45 g/L of FOS were produced from molasses containing 200 g/L of sucrose, with a yield of 0.3 g/g. With this approach, it was possible to reduce around 5.5-times the cost associated with the FOS production medium. Moreover, this study proposed a sustainable process for the valorization of agro-industrial wastes contributing to the future Circular (Bio)Economy and the EU Green Deal.Cláudia Amorim, João Rainha, Beatriz B. Cardoso and Daniela Gomes acknowledge their grants (2020.0029.CEECIND, SFRH/BD/138325/2018, SFRH/BD/132324/2017 and SFRH/BD/04433/2020, respectively) from Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). The study received financial support from Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit and by LABBELS – Associate Laboratory in Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Microelectromechanical Systems, LA/P/0029/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Unilateral versus Bilateral Landing after Spike Jumps in Male and Female Volleyball: A Systematic Review

Background: The spike is a key action in volleyball, and the landing technique and its asymmetries are commonly associated with an increased risk of injury. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess how male and female volleyball players land (i.e., unilaterally, or bilaterally) after spike jumps in matches and analytical settings (field or laboratory). Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines were followed, with eligibility criteria defined according to participants, interventions, comparators, study design (PICOS): (p) healthy indoor volleyball players of any sex, age group, or competitive level; (i) exposure to landing after spike actions during official matches AND/OR simulated 6 vs. 6 games AND/OR analytical training conditions AND/OR laboratorial experiments; (c) not mandatory; (o) data on landing mechanics after spike actions, including reporting of whether the landing was unilateral or bilateral; (s) no restrictions imposed on study design. Searches were performed in seven electronic databases (Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) on 23 April 2021. Results: Automated searches provided 420 results. Removal of 119 duplicates resulted in 301 records being screened for titles and abstracts. A total of 25 studies were eligible for full-text analysis. Of these, eight studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in the review. Studies showed that (i) attackers landed asymmetrically 68% of the times (61% left leg, 7% right leg); (ii) bilateral asymmetries were observed for the hip, knee, and ankle joints; (iii) bilateral asymmetries were observed even when players were instructed to land evenly on two feet; (iv) landing contact of the leg opposite to the hitting arm preceded the contact of the homolateral leg. One match analysis study showed that men landed more often on the left (31.5%) or right foot (8.5%) than women (23.7% and 1.6%). Conclusions: Studies analyzing spike landing showed a prevalence of unilateral landings (mostly the left leg first, for right-handed players) in men and women but more prevalently in men. Registration INPLASY202140104, DOI: 10.37766/inplasy2021.4.010

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Targeting the Mannose Receptor with Functionalized Fucoidan/Chitosan Nanoparticles Triggers the Classical Activation of Macrophages

Understanding how nanoparticles’ properties influence their cellular interactions is a bottleneck for improving the design of carriers. Macrophage polarization governs their active role in solving infections or tissue repair. To unravel the effect of carbohydrate-targeting mannose receptors on the macrophage surface, drug-free fucoidan/chitosan nanoparticles were functionalized using mannose (M) and mannan (Mn). Polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles were obtained upon chitosan self-assembly using fucoidan. The functionalized nanoparticles were characterized in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, chemical profile, and carbohydrate orientation. The nanoparticles varied in size from 200 to 400 nm, were monodisperse, and had a stable negative zeta potential with a low aggregation tendency. The nonfunctionalized and functionalized nanoparticles retained their properties for up to 12 weeks. Cell viability and internalization studies were performed for all the designed nanoparticles in the THP-1 monocytes and THP-1-differentiated macrophages. The expression of the mannose receptor was verified in both immune cells. The carbohydrate-functionalized nanoparticles led to their activation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Both M- and Mn-coated nanoparticles modulate macrophages toward an M1-polarized state. These findings demonstrate the tailoring of these nanoplatforms to interact and alter the macrophage phenotype in vitro and represent their therapeutic potential either alone or in combination with a loaded drug for future studies