26 research outputs found

    Prevalence and clinical management of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients in shanghai, china

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a common AIDS-associated illness, leading to blindness in up to 30% of patients. This study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical management of the cytomegalovirus retinitis associated with AIDS in a large municipality of China.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Clinical and laboratory data from 23 cytomegalovirus retinitis patients (35 eyes) out of 303 hospitalized AIDS individuals in a single medical center were analyzed retrospectively. Two of 23 patients were diagnosed cytomegalovirus retinitis just before hospitalization without anti-CMV therapy. Ganciclovir combined with the high active anti-retroviral therapy was installed for treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis after diagnosis was confirmed. The data were analyzed by specialists and statistics was also applied.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of cytomegalovirus retinitis in hospitalized AIDS patients was 7.6% in this study. The level of CD<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>T lymphocytes was correlated well with the occurrence of cytomegalovirus retinitis, showing 16.8% (19/113) (95% confidence interval: 10.4,25.0), 5.4% (3/56) (95% confidence interval: 1.1,14.9), and 1.4% (1/69) (95% confidence interval: 0.0,7.8) occurrence in the patients with CD<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>T lymphocyte counts < 50, 50~99, and 100~199 cells/μl, respectively. The mean CD<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>T lymphocyte counts was 31.7 ± 38.6 cells/μl in 23 AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Median CD<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>T lymphocyte count is 20 cells/μl with inter-quartile range as (5, 36). Seven patients died (11 eyes) and 16 patients (24 eyes) survived. The proportion of blindness and low vision in eyes infected with cytomegalovirus retinitis respectively was 20.8% (5/24) and 29.2% (7/24) when they were diagnosed in survivors. The ganciclovir therapy was effective in 16 patients (24 eyes). Clinical recovery of cytomegalovirus retinitis was 41.7% (10/24) and clinical improvement 58.3% (14/24). After anti-CMV treatment, the proportion of blindness or low vision was 16.7% (4/24).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The AIDS patients with CD<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>T lymphocyte < 50 cells/μl had increased susceptibility to cytomegalovirus associated retinitis. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a serious disease causing blindness. The cytomegalovirus retinitis in the AIDS patients was response well to ganciclovir therapy. We should check their eyes routinely such as dilated fundus examination with an indirect ophthalmoscope in the AIDS patients with CD<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>T lymphocyte counts < 50 cells/μl.</p

    Measurement of the W gamma Production Cross Section in Proton-Proton Collisions at root s=13 TeV and Constraints on Effective Field Theory Coefficients

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    A fiducial cross section for W gamma production in proton-proton collisions is measured at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 137 fb(-1) of data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC. The W -> e nu and mu nu decay modes are used in a maximum-likelihood fit to the lepton-photon invariant mass distribution to extract the combined cross section. The measured cross section is compared with theoretical expectations at next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics. In addition, 95% confidence level intervals are reported for anomalous triple-gauge couplings within the framework of effective field theory.Peer reviewe

    Search for long-lived particles decaying to jets with displaced vertices in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 Te V

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    A search is presented for long-lived particles produced in pairs in proton-proton collisions at the LHC operating at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector during the period from 2015 through 2018, and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 140 fb(-1). This search targets pairs of long-lived particles with mean proper decay lengths between 0.1 and 100 mm, each of which decays into at least two quarks that hadronize to jets, resulting in a final state with two displaced vertices. No significant excess of events with two displaced vertices is observed. In the context of R-parity violating supersymmetry models, the pair production of long-lived neutralinos, gluinos, and top squarks is excluded at 95% confidence level for cross sections larger than 0.08 fb, masses between 800 and 3000 GeV, and mean proper decay lengths between 1 and 25 mm.Peer reviewe

    Search for top squark production in fully hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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    A search for production of the supersymmetric partners of the top quark, top squarks, is presented. The search is based on proton-proton collision events containing multiple jets, no leptons, and large transverse momentum imbalance. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1). The targeted signal production scenarios are direct and gluino-mediated top squark production, including scenarios in which the top squark and neutralino masses are nearly degenerate. The search utilizes novel algorithms based on deep neural networks that identify hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons, which are expected in many of the targeted signal models. No statistically significant excess of events is observed relative to the expectation from the standard model, and limits on the top squark production cross section are obtained in the context of simplified supersymmetric models for various production and decay modes. Exclusion limits as high as 1310 GeVare established at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the top squark for direct top squark production models, and as high as 2260 GeV on the mass of the gluino for gluino-mediated top squark production models. These results represent a significant improvement over the results of previous searches for supersymmetry by CMS in the same final state.Peer reviewe

    Short term apoptotic activity of intravitreal bevacizumab on rabbit retina

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    AIM: To evaluate the safety and the short term apoptotic activity of intravitreal bevacizumab in rabbit eyes by histopathological analysis.METHODS:Twenty-eight eyes of 14 rabbits were divided into three groups:8 rabbits in group 1 and 3 rabbits in each of group 2 and group 3. Intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25mg/0.05mL) was applied to the right eyes of each subject in group 1 and group 2 (11 eyes) and the same volume of saline was applied to the left eyes of each subject in group 1 and group 3 (11 eyes). The left eyes in group 2 and the right eyes in group 3 were left untreated and used as control. Enucleated eyes were used for histopathologic analyses.RESULTS:After immunohistochemical staining with caspase-3 and p53, there was no histological evidence of toxicity to the retina and the optic nerve in any of the sections that were analyzed in all three groups. In addition, vascular endothelial cells located at the retina and the optic nerve tissues in all groups showed a similar staining pattern with caspase-3 and p53.CONCLUSION:Our study showed that intravitreal bevacizumab with the dose of 1.25mg/0.05mL caused no histological signs of toxicity or apoptotic activity on the rabbit retina

    Histopathologic Effects Of A Low Molecular Weight Heparin On Bone Healing In Rats: A Promising Adjuvant In Dacryocystorhinostomy

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    AIM: To investigate the effect of short-term prophylactic dose of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) drug on the bone healing process in an animal model simulating the osteotomy obtained in dacryocystorh in ostomy. METHODS: Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups. Subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin 1 mg/kg (enoxaparin-treated group) and saline solution (control group) were performed once daily for 4d, beginning on the first preoperative day. The osteotomy was created at the femoral diaphysis in all animals by using a Kirschner wire. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups depending on the timing of the second operation, 14 or 21d following initial osteotomy. Patent osteotomy area on the second and the third weeks in each group were calculated by using a computer software on digital micrographs. RESULTS: The patent osteotomy areas at the second and the third weeks were significantly larger in the enoxaparin-treated group than those of the control group (P<0.001 for each time-period). In the control group, the patent osteotomy area at the third week of healing was significantly smaller than that of the second week (P=0.003), whereas there was no significant difference between these two measurements in the enoxaparin-treated group (P=0.185). CONCLUSION: Short-term administration of enoxaparin resultes in a significant alteration in bone healing at 14 and 21d after injury. LMWHs can be regarded as promising alternative adjuvants in dacryocystorhinostomy after being evaluated with further clinical and animal studies.WoSScopu

    N95 Maske Kullanımının Retina Damar Dansitesi Üzerine Etkisinin Optik Koherens Tomografi Anjiyografi İle Değerlendirilmesi

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    Amaç Sağlık çalışanlarında FFP2/N95 yüz maskesinin oksi- jen satürasyonu (SpO2), maküla ve optik disk damar dansitesi üzerindeki etkisinin optik koherens tomografi anjiyografi (OKTA) ile değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem Çalışmaya 19 gönüllü sağlık çalışanının 38 gözü da- hil edilmiştir. Tam oftalmolojik muayeneleri yapılmıştır. N95 maske takılmasından hemen önce ve 4 saat sü- rekli kullanımından hemen sonra oksijen saturasyonu- nu değerlendirmek için parmak tipi puls oksimetre ve optik disk ile retinal damar dansitelerini değerlendir- mek için Angiovue OKTA cihazı kullanılmıştır. Katılım- cılardan bu süre içerisinde maskelerini çıkarmamaları istenmiştir. OKTA ile maske takılmadan ve çıkarılma- dan hemen önce maküla ve optik disk damar dansite- leri değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular Çalışmaya dahil edilen 19 gönüllünün 15’i kadın, 4’ü erkekti. Ortalama yaş 36,64 ± 9,3 yıldı. Tüm gözler- de Snellen’e göre düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği 20/20 idi ve tümünün göz içi basınç ölçümleri normal sınır- lardaydı. N95 maske takılmadan önceki oksijen satü- rasyonu %97,94 ± 0,8, dört saat kullanım sonrasında ise %96,14 ±1,8 idi. Maske kullanımı sonrası santral maküla kalınlığında (SMK) anlamlı artış (p0,001), süperfisyal parafovea ve foveal koryokapillaris damar dansitelerinde maske kullanımı sonrası anlamlı azal- ma saptandı (p0,05). Optik disk süperior ve inferior radial peripapiller kapiller pleksus (RPK) damar dan- sitelerinde ise maske kullanımı sonrası anlamlı artış bulundu (p0,05). Sonuç N95 maske kullanımı sonrası oksijen satürasyonu düşmektedir. Maske kullanımı sonrası CO2 seviyesin- de artış ve O2 seviyesinde düşüşe cevap olarak retinal ve koroidal vazoreaktivite değişmektedir

    Real Life Multicenter Comparison of 24-Month Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Diabetic Macular Edema in Turkey: Ranibizumab vs. Aflibercept vs. Ranibizumab-Aflibercept Switch

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    The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with aflibercept (AFB) or ranibizumab (RNB) only, and after switching from RNB to AFB. This was a retrospective, real-world, multicenter (7 cities) 24 month study. Overall, 212 eyes in the AFB group, 461 in the RNB group, and 141 in the RNB to AFB group were included. The primary endpoints were differences in visual acuity (VA) and central macular thickness (CMT) from baseline to the final visit. The secondary outcomes were the percentage of eyes that achieved ≥10 letters gain and ≥10 letters loss in vision at month 12 and 24, and the percentage of eyes that achieved a thinning of ≥20% in CMT at month 3 and month 6. The results showed that VA did not significantly differ at baseline (AFB: 0.62 ± 0.38, RNB: 0.61 ± 0.36, RNB to AFB: 0.61 ± 0.38), at checkpoints, or at the final visit (AFB: 0.46 ± 0.38, RNB: 0.5 ± 0.37, RNB to AFB: 0.53 ± 0.36) (p > 0.05). Though the mean CMT at baseline was significantly thicker in the RNB to AFB group (479 ± 129.6 μm) when compared to the AFB (450.5 ± 122.6 μm) and RNB (442 ± 116 μm) groups (p < 0.01), similar measurements were obtained after 12 months. The percentages of eyes that gained or lost ≥10 letters in the AFB, RNB, and RNB to AFB groups at year 1 and 2 were similar, as was the percentages of eyes that demonstrated ≥20% CMT thinning at month 3 and 6. Our study showed similar visual improvements in non-switchers (AFB and RNB groups) and switchers (RNB to AFB group) through 2 years follow-up, however, AFB patients required fewer injections, visits, or need for additional treatments

    Real Life Multicenter Comparison of 24-Month Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Diabetic Macular Edema in Turkey: Ranibizumab vs. Aflibercept vs. Ranibizumab-Aflibercept Switch

    No full text
    The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with aflibercept (AFB) or ranibizumab (RNB) only, and after switching from RNB to AFB. This was a retrospective, real-world, multicenter (7 cities) 24 month study. Overall, 212 eyes in the AFB group, 461 in the RNB group, and 141 in the RNB to AFB group were included. The primary endpoints were differences in visual acuity (VA) and central macular thickness (CMT) from baseline to the final visit. The secondary outcomes were the percentage of eyes that achieved &ge;10 letters gain and &ge;10 letters loss in vision at month 12 and 24, and the percentage of eyes that achieved a thinning of &ge;20% in CMT at month 3 and month 6. The results showed that VA did not significantly differ at baseline (AFB: 0.62 &plusmn; 0.38, RNB: 0.61 &plusmn; 0.36, RNB to AFB: 0.61 &plusmn; 0.38), at checkpoints, or at the final visit (AFB: 0.46 &plusmn; 0.38, RNB: 0.5 &plusmn; 0.37, RNB to AFB: 0.53 &plusmn; 0.36) (p &gt; 0.05). Though the mean CMT at baseline was significantly thicker in the RNB to AFB group (479 &plusmn; 129.6 &mu;m) when compared to the AFB (450.5 &plusmn; 122.6 &mu;m) and RNB (442 &plusmn; 116 &mu;m) groups (p &lt; 0.01), similar measurements were obtained after 12 months. The percentages of eyes that gained or lost &ge;10 letters in the AFB, RNB, and RNB to AFB groups at year 1 and 2 were similar, as was the percentages of eyes that demonstrated &ge;20% CMT thinning at month 3 and 6. Our study showed similar visual improvements in non-switchers (AFB and RNB groups) and switchers (RNB to AFB group) through 2 years follow-up, however, AFB patients required fewer injections, visits, or need for additional treatments
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