Persation: an IoT Based Personal Safety Prediction Model Aided Solution

The number of attacks on innocent victims in moving vehicles, and abduction of individuals in their vehicles has risen alarmingly in the past few years. One common scenario evident from the modus operandi of this kind of attack is the random motion of these vehicles, due to the driver's unpredictable behaviours. To save the victims in such kinds of assault, it is essential to offer help promptly. An effective strategy to save victims is to predict the future location of the vehicles so that the rescue mission can be actioned at the earliest possibility. We have done a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art personal safety solutions and location prediction technologies and proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) based personal safety model, encompassing a prediction framework to anticipate the future vehicle locations by exploiting complex analytics of current and past data variables including the speed, direction and geolocation of the vehicles. Experiments conducted based on real-world datasets demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed framework in accurately predicting future vehicle locations. In this paper, we have a risk assessment of our safety solution model based on the OCTAVE ALLEGRO model and the implementation of our prediction model

Determination of polymer additive residues that migrate from coffee capsules by means of stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and PARAFAC decomposition

This paper reports on the difficulties encountered when developing an analytical method for ultra-trace determination, in a complex matrix, of plastic additive residues which are ubiquitous in the laboratory. The simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of an antioxidant (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, BHT), an UV stabilizer (benzophenone, BP), and a plasticizer (diisobutyl phthalate, DiBP), released from plastic capsules is carried out in coffee by means of GC–MS and parallel factor analysis decomposition. Stir bar sorptive extraction is used to extract and concentrate the analytes. Coffee samples are prepared with Milli-Q water, which contains residues of the target compounds, which can be significant for ultra-trace analysis and should be subtracted. In addition, matrix effect exits in coffee, so standard addition method is used. The residue concentrations released from the coffee capsules into the solid coffee are around 3, 1, and 12 μg kg−1 of BHT, BP and DiBP, respectively.Spanish MINECO (AEI/FEDER, UE) through project CTQ2017-88894-R and by Consejería de la Junta de Castilla y Le´on through project BU052P20 (both co-financed with European FEDER funds). L. Valverde-Som thanks JCyL for her postdoctoral contract through BU052P20project

The Numbers Behind Mushroom Biodiversity

Fungi are among the most diverse groups of organisms on Earth. with a global diversity estimated at 0.8 million to 5.1 million species. They play fundamental ecological roles as decomposers, mutualists, and pathogens, growing in almost all habitats and being important as sources of food and health benefits, income, and to maintain forest health. Global assessment of wild edible fungi indicate the existence of 2327 useful wild species; 2166 edible and 1069 used as food; 470 medicinal species. Several million tonnes are collected, consumed, and sold each year in over 80 countries. The major mushroom-producing countries in 2012 were China, Italy, USA, and The Netherlands, with 80% of the world production, 64% of which came from China. The European Union produces 24% of the world production. Italy is the largest European producer, Poland is the largest exporter, UK the largest importer.Fungi are difficult to preserve and fossilize and due to the poor preservation of most fungal structures, it has been difficult to interpret the fossil record of fungi. Hyphae, the vegetative bodies of fungi, bear few distinctive morphological characteristicss, and organisms as diverse as cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algal groups, and oomycetes can easily be mistaken for them (Taylor & Taylor 1993). Fossils provide minimum ages for divergences and genetic lineages can be much older than even the oldest fossil representative found. According to Berbee and Taylor (2010), molecular clocks (conversion of molecular changes into geological time) calibrated by fossils are the only available tools to estimate timing of evolutionary events in fossil‐poor groups, such as fungi. The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiotic fungi from the division Glomeromycota, generally accepted as the phylogenetic sister clade to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, have left the most ancient fossils in the Rhynie Chert of Aberdeenshire in the north of Scotland (400 million years old). The Glomeromycota and several other fungi have been found associated with the preserved tissues of early vascular plants (Taylor et al. 2004a). Fossil spores from these shallow marine sediments from the Ordovician that closely resemble Glomeromycota spores and finely branched hyphae arbuscules within plant cells were clearly preserved in cells of stems of a 400 Ma primitive land plant, Aglaophyton, from Rhynie chert 455–460 Ma in age (Redecker et al. 2000; Remy et al. 1994) and from roots from the Triassic (250–199 Ma) (Berbee & Taylor 2010; Stubblefield et al. 1987).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reflektionsseismisk undersökning för karaktärisering av historiskt gruvavfall och djup inriktning vid Blötberget i mellersta Sverige

Iron has been an essential element to human development and iron-oxide deposits are known to host minerals that are labelled as critical raw materials (CRMs), especially in the EU. Therefore, ensuring a sustainable supply of CRMs require access to both primary and secondary sources of their host deposits such as iron oxides. Blötberget is an old mining site in central Sweden rich in both primary and secondary iron-oxide resources (i.e. tailings) from centuries-long mining activities. Thus, this thesis focused on this site, to (1) improve the image of its iron-oxide mineralisation under the historical tailings area through the extraction and processing of 2D data from a wider and sparse 3D dataset, (2) characterise the tailings in terms of geometry delineation and geomechanical property estimation by generating P-wave velocity models of the tailings, and (3) improve the interpretation of existing results in the area through 3D visualisations and comparison. Results from this thesis work suggest possible depth and lateral extensions of the mineralisation for few hundreds of metres beyond what was known previously in the area. It is believed that about 10 Mt of primary iron-oxide resources could arguably be present under the tailing area while the tailings contain an estimated 1 Mt of secondary iron-oxide resources. Also, this thesis work findings indicate that the historical tailings are approximately 10 -12 m thick, 650 m long, and 300 m wide, and has a Vp/Vs ratio between approximately 3-4, indicating a poor geomechanical strength. Additionally, the depth to bedrock in this area was estimated to be 50 m at its deepest parts, with a morphology indicative of complex geological occurrence. Therefore, it is concluded, based on these results, that Blötberget has a good potential to ensure the supply of both iron ore and its constituent CRMs.Järn har varit ett viktigt grundämne för mänsklig utveckling och järnoxidavlagringar är kända för att innehålla mineral som är märkta som kritiska råmaterial (KRM), särskilt inom EU. Därför kräver säkerställandet av en hållbar tillgång till KRM tillgång till både primära och sekundära källor till deras värdfyndigheter, till exempel järnoxid. Blötberget är en gammal gruvplats i mellersta Sverige som är rik på både primära och sekundära järnoxidresurser (dvs. gruvavfall) från en lång gruvverksamhet. Således fokuserade denna avhandling att (1) förbättra karaktäriseringen av järnoxidmineralisering i det historiska gruvområdet genom utvinning och bearbetning av 2D-data från ett glest 3D-dataset, (2) karakterisering av gruvavfall för avgränsning av geometri och uppskattning av geomekaniska egenskaper genom att generera P-vågshastighetsmodeller för gruvavfallsområdet, och (3) förbättra tolkningen av befintliga resultat i området genom 3D-visualiseringar. Resultat från denna avhandling tyder på möjliga djup och laterala förlängningar av mineraliseringen om några hundratals meter bortom vad som tidigare var känt i området. Det antas att cirka 10 Mt primära järnoxidresurser finnas under avfallssområdet medan gruvavfallet innehåller uppskattningsvis 1 Mt sekundära järnoxidresurser. Dessutom visar denna avhandling att det historiska gruvavfallet är cirka 10-12 m tjockt, 650 m långt och 300 m brett och har ett Vp/Vs -förhållande mellan cirka 3-4, vilket indikerar en låg geomekanisk hållfasthet. Dessutom beräknades djupet till berggrunden i detta område vara 50 m vid dess djupaste delar, med en morfologi som indikerar komplex geologisk förekomst. Därför dras slutsatsen, baserat på dessa resultat, att Blötberget har en god potential att säkerställa leveransen av både järnmalm och dess ingående KR

Influence of poultry manure and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield and proximate component of two cultivars of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walps)

A study on the influence of poultry manure and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield and proximate composition of two cultivars of cowpea (Ife Brown and IT86D - 719) was carried out at the Teaching and Research (T&R) Farm of the Obafemi Awolowo University, (O.A.U.) Ile - Ife, Nigeria. The two cultivars of cowpea were planted in a randomised complete block design (RCBD), laid out in a split-plot arrangement in two seasons and treated with four sources of fertilizer (inorganic fertilizer (IF), mixture of inorganic fertilizer and poultry manure (IFPM), poultry manure (PM) and no fertilizer or manure treatment referred to as the control (C). Each fertilizer source supplied 20 kg N/ha basal dosage. The variability and diversity observed were due to the genotypic variations of the crops and response to the fertilizer levels. The effect of the poultry manure and inorganic fertilizers on yield /yield components and proximate composition were significantly different from the control. Grain yield and yield components (the number of peduncles per plant (PEP), peduncle length (PEL), number of pods per plant (POP), dry pod weight (PDW), biomass (BM) and grain yield per plant (YLD/PLT)) were affected by the fertilizer levels, seasonal changes, cultivars; thus having significant influence on the final yield of the two cultivars; while pod length (PL), number of pods per peduncle (PPE), number of seeds per pod (NSP), 100SW were not. The crude protein, percent crude fibre, total nitrogen and carbohydrate content of the grains varied among cultivars and were significantly improved by fertilizer source, especially IFPM and PM. The significant response observed in the nutritional composition indicated differential utilization of nutrients under different treatments. The differential response of Ife Brown and IT86D-719 to poultry manure and inorganic fertilizer is clearly manifested on the grain yield, crude protein, percent crude fibre, total nitrogen and carbohydrate content of the grains of the two cultivars. Key Words: cowpea; cultivars; nutrient source; poultry manure; proximate composition; yield Moor J. Agric. Res. Vol.4(1) 2003:37-4

Character Merchandising, Passing Off and Unfair Competition Principles in Australia

This article discusses how the tort of passing off and intellectual property rules apply to character merchandising in Australia. This article highlights the significance of unfair competition principles under the Australian Consumer Law in character merchandising cases. The possible defences to character merchandising cases are covered. The paper notes that while passing off and unfair competition rules have similar requirements in establishing character merchandising, unfair competition principles can apply to a broader range of circumstances than the scope of protection available under the tort of passing off

ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES ON NIGERIAN HIGHER FUNGI

The 18 fungi fruit bodies showed varied antibacterial activity. None of the fungi showed anticandidal activity. Key Words: Nigerian fungi, antimicrobial activity, Pyonoporus sanguineus Nig. J. Nat Prod. And Med. Vol.3 1999: 64-6

A comprehensive survey on secure software‐defined network for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of smart devices, sensors, and machines that continuously monitored the surrounding environment and execute meaningful decisions on the data or information it receives. The Internet-enabled devices could facilitate computer-mediated strategies for various tasks, for example, smart health care, managing the cities or smart factories, smart manufacturing, automating the home and business, etc. IoT commonly uses Internet technology for establishing communication among devices, thus inherits all the security threats that are currently affecting Internet users along with other security threats that are specific to IoTs due to resources constrained nature of the smart devices and sensors. The greater footprint, the distributed nature of the network and the existence of a huge number of IoT devices has also attracted criminals, fraudsters, and attackers to utilize this medium for spreading malicious content or making devices unavailable for legitimate use. It is imperative to ensure that the Confidentiality, Integrity, Security, and Privacy of information and users should remain intact while using these devices and thus they require an effective security system. Software-defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function are the way to control and configure devices from a centralized location and have been proven to offer scalability and versatility to their deployed ecosystems. In this paper, we systematically review the adoption of SDN and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) for securing the IoT network from emerging threats. To this extent, we provide a comprehensive survey on security solutions based on SDN, Blockchain, NFV, and SDN/NFV proposed for the security of the IoT network. We have also identified open challenges in this domain which includes lack of standardization, low cost, and effective machine learning systems for identifying malicious traffic and handling great attack surface and different attack vectors. The deployed technologies exhibit positive strides in their usage for the provision of security in IoT environments offering security enhancements, scalability, and versatility