Updatism, and broad present : a brief analysis of contemporary temporalities.

Discutimos sintomatolog?as relacionadas con una ruptura entre el tiempo historicista-moderno, por lo general encontrado en el siglo xix, y un ?cronotopo? o ?r?gimen de historicidad? emergente, sustancialmente distinto. Despu?s de leer ?Temporalidad y cotidianidad?, de Ser y tiempo, de Heidegger, argumentamos que ciertos aspectos de este tiempo pueden derivarse de las descripciones de la temporalidad del ?estado de apertura?. Por lo que para Heidegger estas formas de experiencia son ontol?gicas, tendr?amos que pensar en el significado de su ?p?rdida de relevancia? en las descripciones de la ??poca moderna? y su hipertrofia en las descripciones de la novedad de nuestro actual cronotopo. Utilizamos la palabra ?actualismo? para pensar en una forma de presente que pone el ?nfasis en las temporalizaciones no aut?nticas.We discuss some symptomatologies of our present time that claim substantial differences between the historicist-modern time, usually located in the 19th century, and an emergent ?chronotope? or ?regime of historicity?. From the chapter ?Temporality and everydayness?, of Being and Time, we argue that certain aspects of this new ?chronotope? can be derived from Heidegger?s description of the temporality of ?openness?, particularly of what he calls the inauthentic temporalizing. Since for Heidegger these forms of experience are ontological, we have to consider the meaning of their irrelevance in the descriptions of the ?modern time? and its hypertrophy in the descriptions of the so-called novelty of our ?chronotope?. We use the word ?updatism? as an alternative to understanding our historical time

CHARACTERIZATION OF SPONTANEOUS NUCLEI OF Clidemia urceolata DC. IN DISTURBED AREAS OF THE ATLANTIC FOREST

A Clidemia urceolata DC. e uma especie pioneira da familia Melastomataceae, que coloniza espontaneamente pastagens abandonadas. Ela forma nucleos de tamanhos variados, onde podem ser observadas outras especies de grupo sucessional mais avancado, podendo constituir uma especie facilitadora. O presente estudo objetivou quantificar e caracterizar os nucleos na bacia hidrografica do rio Barra Mansa - RJ (6.839 ha) (22\ub032'40''22\ub040'60''S e 44\ub012'44\ub006'20''W), tributario do rio Paraiba do Sul. Eles foram georreferenciados e caracterizados quanto ao porte dos individuos de Clidemia urceolata (baixo: H < 0,60 m; medio: 0,60 < H < 1,20 m; e alto: H 651,20 m), adensamento (esparso, medio e adensado), area do nucleo (pequeno: 64500 m2; medio: 500 a 2000 m2; e grande: 652000 m2) e estagio de desenvolvimento (inicial, intermediario e avancado). Foram identificados 26 nucleos, totalizando 7,9 ha. Desses, houve predominio de nucleos com individuos de porte medio (76,92%), pouco adensado (42,31%), tamanho grande (42,31%) e estagio intermediario de desenvolvimento (46,16%), evidenciando que se encontram em formacao, e que a estrategia de colonizacao, reproducao e dispersao da Clidemia urceolata pode contribuir para dinamizar a sucessao ecologica, podendo atuar como agente espontaneo de restauracao florestal das areas perturbadas.Clidemia urceolata DC. is a pioneer species of the family Melastomataceae which colonizes spontaneously abandoned pastures. It forms nuclei of different sizes, where other species of advanced successional groups can be observed, constituting a facilitative species. The present study aimed to quantify and characterize the nuclei in the watershed of Barra Mansa river, Rio de Janeiro state (6.839 ha) (22\ub032'40''22\ub040'60''S e 44\ub012'44\ub006'20''W), which is a tributary of Paraiba do Sul river. They were geographically referenced and characterized regarding to the size of Clidemia urceolata individuals (low: H <0,60 m; medium: 0,60 <H <1,20 m; and high: H 651,20m), densification (scattered, medium and dense), area of the nuclei (small: 64500 m2; medium: 500 to 2000 m2; and large: 652000 m2) and development stage (initial, intermediate and advanced). 26 nuclei were identified, adding up to 7,9 ha. There was the prevalence of nuclei with medium sized individuals (76,92%), slightly dense (42,31%), big area (42,31%) and intermediate developmental stage (46,16%), evidencing that they are in progress and that colonization strategy, reproduction and dispersion of Clidemia urceolata can contribute to boost the ecological succession, being able to act as a spontaneous agent of forest restoration of the disturbed areas

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Inter-individual variability of stone marten behavioral responses to a highway

Efforts to reduce the negative impacts of roads on wildlife may be hindered if individuals within the population vary widely in their responses to roads and mitigation strategies ignore this variability. This knowledge is particularly important for medium-sized carnivores as they are vulnerable to road mortality, while also known to use available road passages (e.g., drainage culverts) for safely crossing highways. Our goal in this study was to assess whether this apparently contradictory pattern of high road-kill numbers associated with a regular use of road passages is attributable to the variation in behavioral responses toward the highway between individuals. We investigated the responses of seven radio-tracked stone martens (Martes foina) to a highway by measuring their utilization distribution, response turning angles and highway crossing patterns. We compared the observed responses to simulated movement parameterized by the observed space use and movement characteristics of each individual, but naı¨ve to the presence of the highway. Our results suggested that martens demonstrate a diversity of responses to the highway, including attraction, indifference, or avoidance. Martens also varied in their highway crossing patterns, with some crossing repeatedly at the same location (often coincident with highway passages). We suspect that the response variability derives from the individual’s familiarity of the landscape, including their awareness of highway passage locations. Because of these variable yet potentially attributable responses, we support the use of exclusionary fencing to guide transient (e.g., dispersers) individuals to existing passages to reduce the road-kill risk

Wavelet Support Vector Censored Regression

Learning methods in survival analysis have the ability to handle censored observations. The Cox model is a predictive prevalent statistical technique for survival analysis, but its use rests on the strong assumption of hazard proportionality, which can be challenging to verify, particularly when working with non-linearity and high-dimensional data. Therefore, it may be necessary to consider a more flexible and generalizable approach, such as support vector machines. This paper aims to propose a new method, namely wavelet support vector censored regression, and compare the Cox model with traditional support vector regression and traditional support vector regression for censored data models, survival models based on support vector machines. In addition, to evaluate the effectiveness of different kernel functions in the support vector censored regression approach to survival data, we conducted a series of simulations with varying number of observations and ratios of censored data. Based on the simulation results, we found that the wavelet support vector censored regression outperformed the other methods in terms of the C-index. The evaluation was performed on simulations, survival benchmarking datasets and in a biomedical real application

Reconfigura??es do tempo hist?rico : presentismo, atualismo e solid?o na modernidade digital.

Para tratarmos da nossa historicidade com base na ?experi?ncia do tempo?, neste artigo refletimos sobre uma das principais hip?teses relacionadas ?s formas atuais de temporaliza??o: o Presentismo de Fran?ois Hartog. Essa sintomatologia do contempor?neo implica ruptura substantiva entre o momento historicista-moderno, geralmente situado no s?culo XIX, e um ?regime de historicidade? emergente que seria substancialmente distinto. Apresentaremos algumas obje??es a essa descri??o e, considerando a leitura do cap?tulo ?Temporalidade e cotidianidade? da obra Ser e Tempo, argumentaremos que certos aspectos do tempo presente considerados sintomas de uma muta??o hist?rica da experi?ncia podem ser derivados das descri??es de Heidegger da temporalidade da ?abertura? (Erschlossenheit), em particular da dimens?o ?inaut?ntica? ou ?impr?pria?. Por fim, apresentaremos uma leitura do epis?dio ?White Christmas?, da s?rie Black Mirror, como um estudo de caso para verificar a operacionalidade do conceito de atualismo para a compreens?o de determinadas distopias/utopias contempor?neas, com foco na tem?tica da solid?o.To think about our present form of ?experience of time? we intend to reflect on one of the main hypotheses about the current forms of temporality: Fran?ois Hartog?s presentism. His symptomatology of contemporary points to a substantial break between the historicist-modern time, usually located in the 19th century, and an emerging ?regime of historicity? which should be substantially different. We?ll raise some objections to this description and from the reading of Being and Time ?Temporality and everydayness? argue that certain aspects of this ?presentism? identified as a symptoms of a historic changing of experience can be derived from Heidegger?s temporality of ?opening?(Erschlossenheit), in particular the dimension ?inauthentic? or ?improper?. Finally, we?ll present a reading of an episode of the Britain TV Show ?Black Mirror? as a case study to verify the operation of the concept of ?updatism? for understanding certain dystopias/utopias of a our present time. We are especially concerned with the ambivalent status of being social and alone simultaneously

Convolutional support vector models: prediction of coronavirus disease using chest X-rays

The disease caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) has been plaguing the world for months and the number of cases are growing more rapidly as the days go by. Therefore, finding a way to identify who has the causative virus is impressive, in order to find a way to stop its proliferation. In this paper, a complete and applied study of convolutional support machines will be presented to classify patients infected with COVID-19 using X-ray data and comparing them with traditional convolutional neural network (CNN). Based on the fitted models, it was possible to observe that the convolutional support vector machine with the polynomial kernel (CSVMPol) has a better predictive performance. In addition to the results obtained based on real images, the behavior of the models studied was observed through simulated images, where it was possible to observe the advantages of support vector machine (SVM) models

Local processing of massive databases with R: a national analysis of a Brazilian social programme

The analysis of massive databases is a key issue for most applications today and the use of parallel computing techniques is one of the suitable approaches for that. Apache Spark is a widely employed tool within this context, aiming at processing large amounts of data in a distributed way. For the Statistics community, R is one of the preferred tools. Despite its growth in the last years, it still has limitations for processing large volumes of data in single local machines. In general, the data analysis community has difficulty to handle a massive amount of data on local machines, often requiring high-performance computing servers. One way to perform statistical analyzes over massive databases is combining both tools (Spark and R) via the sparklyr package, which allows for an R application to use Spark. This paper presents an analysis of Brazilian public data from the Bolsa Família Programme (BFP—conditional cash transfer), comprising a large data set with 1.26 billion observations. Our goal was to understand how this social program acts in different cities, as well as to identify potentially important variables reflecting its utilization rate. Statistical modeling was performed using random forest to predict the utilization rated of BFP. Variable selection was performed through a recent method based on the importance and interpretation of variables in the random forest model. Among the 89 variables initially considered, the final model presented a high predictive performance capacity with 17 selected variables, as well as indicated high importance of some variables for the observed utilization rate in income, education, job informality, and inactive youth, namely: family income, education, occupation and density of people in the homes. In this work, using a local machine, we highlighted the potential of aggregating Spark and R for analysis of a large database of 111.6 GB. This can serve as proof of concept or reference for other similar works within the Statistics community, as well as our case study can provide important evidence for further analysis of this important social support programme