Evidence for nonregulatory trehalase activity in Dictyostelium discoideum

An in vitro activation treatment, stimulatory to the regulatory cytoplasmic trehalase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , had no effect on the lysosomal trehalase of Dictyostelium discoideum . Concentrations of cAMP that produced a 19 to 22-fold increase in trehalase activity in S. cerevisiae extracts did not stimulate trehalase activity in D. discoideum extracts.. cGMP and 5′-AMP were also not effective in activating the enzyme. Dictyostelium discoideum trehalase exhibits characteristics typical of nonregulatory trehalases, in agreement with its lysosomal localization. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that changes in compartmentation regulate trehalose mobilization in D. discoideum .Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41332/1/284_2005_Article_BF01588179.pd

Ideological Labels in America

This paper extends Ellis and Stimson’s (Ideology in America. New York: Cambridge UniversityPress, 2012) study of the operational-symbolic paradox using issue-level measures of ideological incongruence based on respondent positions and symbolic labels for these positions across 14 issues. Like Ellis and Stimson, we find that substantial numbers—over 30 %—of Americans experience conflicted conservatism. Our issue-level data reveal, furthermore, that conflicted conservatism is most common on the issues of education and welfare spending. In addition, we also find that 20 % of Americans exhibit conflicted liberalism. We then replicate Ellis and Stimson’s finding that conflicted conservatism is associated with low sophistication and religiosity, but also find that it is associated with being socialized in a post-1960s generation and using Fox News as a main news source. Finally, we show the important role played by identities, with both conflicted conservatism and conflicted liberalism linked with partisan and ideological identities, and conflicted liberalism additionally associated with ethnic identities

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Silver Nanoparticles for High Frequency Electronic Applications

An enhancement in the electrical performance of low temperature screen-printed silver nanoparticles (nAg) has been measured at frequencies up to 220 GHz. We show that for frequencies above 80 GHz the electrical losses in coplanar waveguide structures fabricated using nAg at 350 °C are lower than those found in conventional thick film Ag conductors consisting of micrometer-sized grains and fabricated at 850 °C. The improved electrical performance is attributed to the better packing of the silver nanoparticles resulting in lower surface roughness by a factor of 3. We discuss how the use of silver nanoparticles offers new routes to high frequency applications on temperature sensitive conformal substrates and in sub-THz metamaterials

Electrical performance of carbon nanotube-polymer composites at frequencies up to 220 GHz

We have measured the sub-THz electrical response of screen printed carbon nanotube-poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer composites up to 220 GHz. The measured electrical losses using mm long coplanar waveguide geometries averaged as low as 0.15 dB/mm in the frequency range 40 GHz–110 GHz and showed a reduction in signal loss with increasing frequency; a behaviour opposite to that found in conventional metallic conductors. Between 140 and 220 GHz, the electrical losses averaged 0.28 dB/mm. We show that the low electrical losses are associated with the capacitive coupling between the nanotubes and discuss potential high frequency applications

Electrical performance of carbon nanotube-polymer composites at frequencies up to 220 GHz

We have measured the sub-THz electrical response of screen printed carbon nanotube-poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer composites up to 220 GHz. The measured electrical losses using mm long coplanar waveguide geometries averaged as low as 0.15 dB/mm in the frequency range 40 GHz–110 GHz and showed a reduction in signal loss with increasing frequency; a behaviour opposite to that found in conventional metallic conductors. Between 140 and 220 GHz, the electrical losses averaged 0.28 dB/mm. We show that the low electrical losses are associated with the capacitive coupling between the nanotubes and discuss potential high frequency applications

Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Silver Nanoparticles for High Frequency Electronic Applications

An enhancement in the electrical performance of low temperature screen-printed silver nanoparticles (nAg) has been measured at frequencies up to 220 GHz. We show that for frequencies above 80 GHz the electrical losses in coplanar waveguide structures fabricated using nAg at 350 °C are lower than those found in conventional thick film Ag conductors consisting of micrometer-sized grains and fabricated at 850 °C. The improved electrical performance is attributed to the better packing of the silver nanoparticles resulting in lower surface roughness by a factor of 3. We discuss how the use of silver nanoparticles offers new routes to high frequency applications on temperature sensitive conformal substrates and in sub-THz metamaterials