10,021 research outputs found
Connectionist natural language parsing
The key developments of two decades of connectionist parsing are reviewed. Connectionist parsers are assessed according to their ability to learn to represent syntactic structures from examples automatically, without being presented with symbolic grammar rules. This review also considers the extent to which connectionist parsers offer computational models of human sentence processing and provide plausible accounts of psycholinguistic data. In considering these issues, special attention is paid to the level of realism, the nature of the modularity, and the type of processing that is to be found in a wide range of parsers
Modular System for Shelves and Coasts (MOSSCO v1.0) - a flexible and multi-component framework for coupled coastal ocean ecosystem modelling
Shelf and coastal sea processes extend from the atmosphere through the water
column and into the sea bed. These processes are driven by physical, chemical,
and biological interactions at local scales, and they are influenced by
transport and cross strong spatial gradients. The linkages between domains and
many different processes are not adequately described in current model systems.
Their limited integration level in part reflects lacking modularity and
flexibility; this shortcoming hinders the exchange of data and model components
and has historically imposed supremacy of specific physical driver models. We
here present the Modular System for Shelves and Coasts (MOSSCO,
http://www.mossco.de), a novel domain and process coupling system
tailored---but not limited--- to the coupling challenges of and applications in
the coastal ocean. MOSSCO builds on the existing coupling technology Earth
System Modeling Framework and on the Framework for Aquatic Biogeochemical
Models, thereby creating a unique level of modularity in both domain and
process coupling; the new framework adds rich metadata, flexible scheduling,
configurations that allow several tens of models to be coupled, and tested
setups for coastal coupled applications. That way, MOSSCO addresses the
technology needs of a growing marine coastal Earth System community that
encompasses very different disciplines, numerical tools, and research
questions.Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Geoscientific Model Development
Discussion
On Left and Right Dislocation: A Dynamic Perspective
The paper argues that by modelling the incremental and left-right process of interpretation as a process of growth of logical form (representing logical forms as trees), an integrated typology of left-dislocation and right-dislocation phenomena becomes available, bringing out not merely the similarities between these types of phenomena, but also their asymmetry. The data covered include hanging topic left dislocation, clitic left dislocation, left dislocation, pronoun doubling, expletives, extraposition, and right node raising, with each set of data analysed in terms of general principles of tree growth. In the light of the success in providing a characterisation of the asymmetry between left and right periphery phenomena, a result not achieved in more wellknown formalisms, the paper concludes that grammar formalisms should model the dynamics of language processing in time.Articl
Parsing of Spoken Language under Time Constraints
Spoken language applications in natural dialogue settings place serious
requirements on the choice of processing architecture. Especially under adverse
phonetic and acoustic conditions parsing procedures have to be developed which
do not only analyse the incoming speech in a time-synchroneous and incremental
manner, but which are able to schedule their resources according to the varying
conditions of the recognition process. Depending on the actual degree of local
ambiguity the parser has to select among the available constraints in order to
narrow down the search space with as little effort as possible.
A parsing approach based on constraint satisfaction techniques is discussed.
It provides important characteristics of the desired real-time behaviour and
attempts to mimic some of the attention focussing capabilities of the human
speech comprehension mechanism.Comment: 19 pages, LaTe
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