Spacelab system analysis: A study of the Marshall Avionics System Testbed (MAST)

An analysis of the Marshall Avionics Systems Testbed (MAST) communications requirements is presented. The average offered load for typical nodes is estimated. Suitable local area networks are determined

Spacelab system analysis: A study of communications systems for advanced launch systems

An analysis of the required performance of internal avionics data bases for future launch vehicles is presented. Suitable local area networks that can service these requirements are determined

Power line communication systems for industrial control applications

For almost as long as the electricity distribution industry itself has existed, so also has the idea of utilising the transmission grid, be it over a wide area or on a local basis, for the transmission of 'intelligence'. This might be in the form of voice transmissions, or for the purposes of monitoring or controlling electrical devices attached to the network. This thesis specifically concerns itself with the potential applications of power-line-carrier (PLC) communications technology within the field of industrial plant/equipment control, as it is within this field that the author works. We look at the entire subject area of industrial control, starting from a historical viewpoint, and consider the special needs and requirements that a proposed PLC solution must offer for this application, especially based on the noise conditions likely to be experienced on a `real' power line. A proposal is made for a `Power Bus', intended for use within certain areas of industrial control, and decisions are made based on the projected link response times for such applications. The experimental phase of the research is practical in nature and consists of a raft of tests and evaluations of the performance of power line modem technologies, under controlled and repeatable noise conditions. To complement these results, further tests are carried out under `real world' conditions, within an actual factory environment. Based on the results of all of these tests, the suitability of a PLC solution for this type of industrial control application is considered. The Thesis concludes with a look at recent developments in, as well as the future of, Power Line Communication techniques

Belle II Technical Design Report

The Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider has collected almost 1 billion Y(4S) events in its decade of operation. Super-KEKB, an upgrade of KEKB is under construction, to increase the luminosity by two orders of magnitude during a three-year shutdown, with an ultimate goal of 8E35 /cm^2 /s luminosity. To exploit the increased luminosity, an upgrade of the Belle detector has been proposed. A new international collaboration Belle-II, is being formed. The Technical Design Report presents physics motivation, basic methods of the accelerator upgrade, as well as key improvements of the detector.Comment: Edited by: Z. Dole\v{z}al and S. Un

The COMPASS Experiment at CERN

The COMPASS experiment makes use of the CERN SPS high-intensitymuon and hadron beams for the investigation of the nucleon spin structure and the spectroscopy of hadrons. One or more outgoing particles are detected in coincidence with the incoming muon or hadron. A large polarized target inside a superconducting solenoid is used for the measurements with the muon beam. Outgoing particles are detected by a two-stage, large angle and large momentum range spectrometer. The setup is built using several types of tracking detectors, according to the expected incident rate, required space resolution and the solid angle to be covered. Particle identification is achieved using a RICH counter and both hadron and electromagnetic calorimeters. The setup has been successfully operated from 2002 onwards using a muon beam. Data with a hadron beam were also collected in 2004. This article describes the main features and performances of the spectrometer in 2004; a short summary of the 2006 upgrade is also given.Comment: 84 papes, 74 figure

Novel Front-end Electronics for Time Projection Chamber Detectors

Este trabajo ha sido realizado en la Organización Europea para la Investigación Nuclear (CERN) y forma parte del proyecto de investigación Europeo para futuros aceleradores lineales (EUDET). En física de partículas existen diferentes categorías de detectores de partículas. El diseño presentado esta centrado en un tipo particular de detector de trayectoria de partículas denominado TPC (Time Projection Chamber) que proporciona una imagen en tres dimensiones de las partículas eléctricamente cargadas que atraviesan su volumen gaseoso. La tesis incluye un estudio de los objetivos para futuros detectores, resumiendo los parámetros que un sistema de adquisición de datos debe cumplir en esos casos. Además, estos requisitos son comparados con los actuales sistemas de lectura utilizados en diferentes detectores TPC. Se concluye que ninguno de los sistemas cumple las restrictivas condiciones. Algunos de los principales objetivos para futuros detectores TPC son un altísimo nivel de integración, incremento del número de canales, electrónica más rápida y muy baja potencia. El principal inconveniente del estado del arte de los sistemas anteriores es la utilización de varios circuitos integrados en la cadena de adquisición. Este hecho hace imposible alcanzar el altísimo nivel de integración requerido para futuros detectores. Además, un aumento del número de canales y frecuencia de muestreo haría incrementar hasta valores no permitidos la potencia utilizada. Y en consecuencia, incrementar la refrigeración necesaria (en caso de ser posible). Una de las novedades presentadas es la integración de toda la cadena de adquisición (filtros analógicos de entrada, conversor analógico-digital (ADC) y procesado de señal digital) en un único circuito integrado en tecnología de 130nm. Este chip es el primero que realiza esta altísima integración para detectores TPC. Por otro lado, se presenta un análisis detallado de los filtros de procesado de señal. Los objetivos más importantes es la reduccióGarcía García, EJ. (2012). Novel Front-end Electronics for Time Projection Chamber Detectors [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/16980Palanci

Study of Radiation Effects on 28nm UTBB FDSOI Technology

With the evolution of modern Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology, transistor feature size has been scaled down to nanometers. The scaling has resulted in tremendous advantages to the integrated circuits (ICs), such as higher speed, smaller circuit size, and lower operating voltage. However, it also creates some reliability concerns. In particular, small device dimensions and low operating voltages have caused nanoscale ICs to become highly sensitive to operational disturbances, such as signal coupling, supply and substrate noise, and single event effects (SEEs) caused by ionizing particles, like cosmic neutrons and alpha particles. SEEs found in ICs can introduce transient pulses in circuit nodes or data upsets in storage cells. In well-designed ICs, SEEs appear to be the most troublesome in a space environment or at high altitudes in terrestrial environment. Techniques from the manufacturing process level up to the system design level have been developed to mitigate radiation effects. Among them, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies have proven to be an effective approach to reduce single-event effects in ICs. So far, 28nm ultra-thin body and buried oxide (UTBB) Fully Depleted SOI (FDSOI) by STMicroelectronics is one of the most advanced SOI technologies in commercial applications. Its resilience to radiation effects has not been fully explored and it is of prevalent interest in the radiation effects community. Therefore, two test chips, namely ST1 and AR0, were designed and tested to study SEEs in logic circuits fabricated with this technology. The ST1 test chip was designed to evaluate SET pulse widths in logic gates. Three kinds of the on-chip pulse-width measurement detectors, namely the Vernier detector, the Pulse Capture detector and the Pulse Filter detector, were implemented in the ST1 chip. Moreover, a Circuit for Radiation Effects Self-Test (CREST) chain with combinational logic was designed to study both SET and SEU effects. The ST1 chip was tested using a heavy ion irradiation beam source in Radiation Effects Facility (RADEF), Finland. The experiment results showed that the cross-section of the 28nm UTBB-FDSOI technology is two orders lower than its bulk competitors. Laser tests were also applied to this chip to research the pulse distortion effects and the relationship between SET, SEU and the clock frequency. Total Ionizing Dose experiments were carried out at the University of Saskatchewan and European Space Agency with Co-60 gammacell radiation sources. The test results showed the devices implemented in the 28nm UTBB-FDSOI technology can maintain its functionality up to 1 Mrad(Si). In the AR0 chip, we designed five ARM Cortex-M0 cores with different logic protection levels to investigate the performance of approximate logic protecting methods. There are three custom-designed SRAM blocks in the test chip, which can also be used to measure the SEU rate. From the simulation result, we concluded that the approximate logic methodology can protect the digital logic efficiently. This research comprehensively evaluates the radiation effects in the 28nm UTBB-FDSOI technology, which provides the baseline for later radiation-hardened system designs in this technology