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Writing for their lives: women applicants to The Royal Literary Fund
The purpose of this article is to fill some of the gaps in our knowledge of those women writers in the lower echelons of the literary world of mid-Victorian England. Through an examination of the resources of the Royal Literary Fund the paper aims to provide a portrait of the career paths and lives of women writers who depended on their literary skills for a living
Two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
The first measurement of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb
collisions at TeV at the Large Hadron Collider is
presented. We observe a growing trend with energy now not only for the
longitudinal and the outward but also for the sideward pion source radius. The
pion homogeneity volume and the decoupling time are significantly larger than
those measured at RHIC.Comment: 17 pages, 5 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/388
Collins effect and single spin azimuthal asymmetries in the HERMES and COMPASS experiments
Predictions are made for single spin azimuthal asymmetries due to the Collins
effect in pion production from semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering off
transversely and longitudinally polarized targets for the HERMES and COMPASS
experiments. The x-dependence of the asymmetries is evaluated using the parton
distribution functions from the chiral quark-soliton model. The overall
normalization of the predicted asymmetries is determined by the information on
the Collins fragmentation function extracted from previous HERMES data on
azimuthal asymmetries from a longitudinally polarized target. The single spin
asymmetries from the transversely polarized proton target are found to be about
20% for positive and neutral pions both at HERMES and COMPASS. For a
longitudinally polarized target we obtain for COMPASS a sin(phi) asymmetry of
1% and a sin(2phi) asymmetry of about 3%.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, Ref.[29] adde
Measurement of the LT-asymmetry in \pi^0 electroproduction at the energy of the \Delta (1232) resonance
The reaction p(e,e'p)pi^0 has been studied at Q^2=0.2 (GeV/c)^2 in the region
of W=1232 MeV. From measurements left and right of q, cross section asymmetries
\rho_LT have been obtained in forward kinematics \rho_LT(\theta_\pi^0=20deg) =
(-11.68 +/- 2.36_stat +/- 2.36_sys)$ and backward kinematics
\rho_LT(\theta_\pi^0=160deg) =(12.18 +/- 0.27_stat +/- 0.82_sys). Multipole
ratios \Re(S_1+^* M_1+)/|M_1+|^2 and \Re(S_0+^* M_1+)/|M_1+|^2 were determined
in the framework of the MAID2003 model. The results are in agreement with older
data. The unusally strong negative \Re(S_0+^* M_1+)/|M_1+|^2 required to bring
also the result of Kalleicher et al. in accordance with the rest of the data is
almost excluded.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Changed content. Accepted for
publication in EPJ
Environmental problems and opportunities of the peri-urban interface and their impact upon the poor
The objective of this document is to provide an overview of the problems and opportunities of the peri-urban interface (PUI) with regard to the broad concerns of environmentalsustainability and poverty
The importance of keeping regular: accurate guidance to the public on low-risk drinking levels
Aim
The aim of this study was to argue that recommendations to the general public on daily amounts for low-risk alcohol consumption must retain the word âregularâ in order to avoid being rejected.
Method
Narrative review of the evidence-base for daily limits to alcohol consumption, the guidance the public actually receives in the UK and media reactions to this guidance.
Results
Evidence for daily limits (not more than 3â4 units for men and 2â3 units for women) rests on epidemiological surveys that enquire about âaverageâ or âusualâ amounts of consumption and this is reflected by the use of âregularâ or âconsistentâ in the UK Government's Sensible Drinking report in 1995 and in guidance currently issued by the English Department of Health. In contrast, guidance the public actually receives often omits the word âregularâ and implies that the limits in question are maximum daily amounts. Media reactions to this inaccurate information suggest that the general public is likely to find these recommendations incredible and to reject them.
Conclusion
If guidance to the public on daily drinking amounts is to stand any chance of being credible and effective, it must be accurate and must therefore retain the word âregularâ
Generalized parton distributions from nucleon form factor data
We present a simple empirical parameterization of the x- and t-dependence of
generalized parton distributions at zero skewness, using forward parton
distributions as input. A fit to experimental data for the Dirac, Pauli and
axial form factors of the nucleon allows us to discuss quantitatively the
interplay between longitudinal and transverse partonic degrees of freedom in
the nucleon ("nucleon tomography"). In particular we obtain the transverse
distribution of valence quarks at given momentum fraction x. We calculate
various moments of the distributions, including the form factors that appear in
the handbag approximation to wide-angle Compton scattering. This allows us to
estimate the minimal momentum transfer required for reliable predictions in
that approach to be around |t|~3 GeV^2. We also evaluate the valence
contributions to the energy-momentum form factors entering Ji's sum rule.Comment: 69 pages, 36 figures. v2: small improvements in text and figures;
references adde
ARE LEFT HANDED SURGEONS LEFT OUT?
Being a left-handed surgeon, more specifically a left-handed ENT surgeon, presents a unique pattern of difficulties.This article is an overview of left-handedness and a personal account of the specific difficulties a left-handed ENT surgeon faces.Â
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