17,913,595 research outputs found
Secure direct communication using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and teleportation
A novel scheme for secure direct communication between Alice and Bob is
proposed, where there is no need for establishing a shared secret key. The
communication is based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and teleportation
between Alice and Bob. After insuring the security of the quantum channel (EPR
pairs), Bob encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle
states and transmits them to Alice by teleportation. In this scheme
teleportation transmits Bob's message without revealing any information to a
potential eavesdropper. Alice can read out the encoded messages directly by the
measurement on her qubits. Because there is not a transmission of the qubit
which carry the secret message between Alice and Bob, it is completely secure
for direct secret communication if perfect quantum channel is used
Optical conductivity of the one-dimensional dimerized Hubbard model at quarter filling
We investigate the optical conductivity in the Mott insulating phase of the
one-dimensional extended Hubbard model with alternating hopping terms
(dimerization) at quarter band filling. Optical spectra are calculated for the
various parameter regimes using the dynamical density-matrix renormalization
group method. The study of limiting cases allows us to explain the various
structures found numerically in the optical conductivity of this model. Our
calculations show that the dimerization and the nearest-neighbor repulsion
determine the main features of the spectrum. The on-site repulsion plays only a
secondary role. We discuss the consequences of our results for the theory of
the optical conductivity in the Bechgaard salts.Comment: 11 pages and 12 figure
Electric and magnetic form factors of strange baryons
Predictions for the electromagnetic form factors of the Lambda$, Sigma and Xi
hyperons are presented. The numerical calculations are performed within the
framework of the fully relativistic constituent-quark model developed by the
Bonn group. The computed magnetic moments compare favorably with the
experimentally known values. Most magnetic form factors G_M(Q^2) can be
parametrized in terms of a dipole with cutoff masses ranging from 0.79 to 1.14
GeV.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys. J.
Reconclining phi radiative decays with other data for a0(980), fo(980), pi-pi -> KK and pi-pi -> eta-eta
Data for phi -> gamma (eta-pizero) are analysed using the KK loop model and
compared with parameters of a0(980) derived from Crystal Barrel data. The
eta-pi mass spectrum agrees closely and the absolute normalisation lies just
within errors. However, BES parameters for fo(980) predict a normalisation for
phi -> gamma (pizero-pizero) at least a factor 2 lower than is observed. This
discrepancy may be eliminated by including constructive interference between
fo(980) and sigma. The magnitude required for sigma -> KK is consistent with
data on pi-pi -> KK. A dispersion relation analysis by Buttiker, Descotes-Genon
and Moussallam of pi-pi -> KK leads to a similar conclusion. Data on pi-pi ->
eta-eta also require decays of sigma to eta-eta. Four sets of pi-pi -> KK data
all require a small but definite fo(1370) signal.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, Small rearrangement of reference
Two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
The first measurement of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb
collisions at TeV at the Large Hadron Collider is
presented. We observe a growing trend with energy now not only for the
longitudinal and the outward but also for the sideward pion source radius. The
pion homogeneity volume and the decoupling time are significantly larger than
those measured at RHIC.Comment: 17 pages, 5 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/388
Observation of the TeV gamma-ray source MGRO J1908+06 with ARGO-YBJ
The extended gamma ray source MGRO J1908+06, discovered by the Milagro air
shower detector in 2007, has been observed for about 4 years by the ARGO-YBJ
experiment at TeV energies, with a statistical significance of 6.2 standard
deviations. The peak of the signal is found at a position consistent with the
pulsar PSR J1907+0602. Parametrizing the source shape with a two-dimensional
Gauss function we estimate an extension \sigma = 0.49 \pm 0.22 degrees,
consistent with a previous measurement by the Cherenkov Array H.E.S.S.. The
observed energy spectrum is dN/dE = 6.1 \pm 1.4 \times 10^-13 (E/4 TeV)^{-2.54
\pm 0.36} photons cm^-2 s^-1 TeV^-1, in the energy range 1-20 TeV. The measured
gamma ray flux is consistent with the results of the Milagro detector, but is
2-3 times larger than the flux previously derived by H.E.S.S. at energies of a
few TeV. The continuity of the Milagro and ARGO-YBJ observations and the stable
excess rate observed by ARGO-YBJ along 4 years of data taking support the
identification of MGRO J1908+06 as the steady powerful TeV pulsar wind nebula
of PSR J1907+0602, with an integrated luminosity above 1 TeV about 1.8 times
the Crab Nebula luminosity.Comment: 6 pages, accepted for pubblication by ApJ. Replaced to correct the
author lis
Identification of the TeV Gamma-ray Source ARGO J2031+4157 with the Cygnus Cocoon
The extended TeV gamma-ray source ARGO J2031+4157 (or MGRO J2031+41) is
positionally consistent with the Cygnus Cocoon discovered by -LAT at GeV
energies in the Cygnus superbubble. Reanalyzing the ARGO-YBJ data collected
from November 2007 to January 2013, the angular extension and energy spectrum
of ARGO J2031+4157 are evaluated. After subtracting the contribution of the
overlapping TeV sources, the ARGO-YBJ excess map is fitted with a
two-dimensional Gaussian function in a square region of , finding a source extension =
1.80.5. The observed differential energy spectrum is
photons cm
s TeV, in the energy range 0.2-10 TeV. The angular extension is
consistent with that of the Cygnus Cocoon as measured by -LAT, and the
spectrum also shows a good connection with the one measured in the 1-100 GeV
energy range. These features suggest to identify ARGO J2031+4157 as the
counterpart of the Cygnus Cocoon at TeV energies. The Cygnus Cocoon, located in
the star-forming region of Cygnus X, is interpreted as a cocoon of freshly
accelerated cosmic rays related to the Cygnus superbubble. The spectral
similarity with Supernova Remnants indicates that the particle acceleration
inside a superbubble is similar to that in a SNR. The spectral measurements
from 1 GeV to 10 TeV allows for the first time to determine the possible
spectrum slope of the underlying particle distribution. A hadronic model is
adopted to explain the spectral energy distribution.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, has been accepted by ApJ for publicatio
New NLO Parametrizations of the Parton Distributions in Real Photons
We present new NLO sets of parton distributions in real photons based on a
scheme invariant definition of the non-perturbative input. We compare the
theoretical predictions with LEP data and a best fit allows us to constrain the
parameters of the distributions. The shape of the gluon distribution is poorly
constrained and we consider the possibility to measure it in photoproduction
experiments. Three parametrizations which aim to take into account the
scattering of LEP data are proposed. They are compared to other NLO
parametrizations.Comment: 38 pages, 23 Postscript figures, fig. 6,7,8,9 improved, comparisons
with other NLO parametrizations, added reference
Asymptotics of class numbers
A "simple trace formula" is used to derive an asymptotic result for class
numbers of complex cubic orders.Comment: 37 page
Some consequences of a noncommutative space-time structure
The existence of a fundamental length (or fundamental time) has been
conjecture in many contexts. Here one discusses some consequences of a
fundamental constant of this type, which emerges as a consequence of
deformation-stability considerations leading to a non-commutative space-time
structure. This mathematically well defined structure is sufficiently
constrained to allow for unambiguous experimental predictions. In particular
one discusses the phase-space volume modifications and their relevance for the
calculation of the GZK sphere. Corrections to the spectrum of the Coulomb
problemb are also computed.Comment: 17 pages Latex, 3 figure
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