PRODUCTIVE FOREST RECOVERY IN LEGAL RESERVE AREA: A CASE STUDY IN EASTERN AMAZON

This study aimed to evaluate a model for Legal Reserve (LR) recovery based on a mixed timber production system (planting + natural regeneration) in the eastern Amazon, state of Pará. For data collection, seven plots of 50 m x 20 m were established, and all individuals with DBH (diameter at breast height) ≥ 5 cm were inventoried. Species diversity, horizontal structure, and commercial wood production were assessed at 13 years of age. A total of 103 species were found, distributed among 69 genera and 33 families. The population density was 1,425 individuals per hectare, and dominance corresponded to 19.45 m².ha-1. The total wood volume was 121.4 m³.ha-1, with 63.3 m³.ha-1 coming from the planted species (S. parahyba var. amazonicum) and 58.1 m³.ha-1 from natural regeneration. Among the regenerating species, Cecropia distachya showed the highest values for the evaluated parameters. The adopted model showed potential for use in LR environmental recovery, reconciling this action with revenue generation through silvicultural interventions that can be applied to the stand, aiming for wood production. To achieve this, adjustments to the regulations governing the forest management of recovering areas are necessary

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Quantificação de volume total em plantios de Pinus taeda L. por inventário florestal tradicional e por Tecnologia LiDAR

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Alexandre BehlingCoorientador : Prof. Dr. Julio Eduardo ArceMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Curso de Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalInclui referências: p. 47-50Resumo : O inventário florestal pode ser conduzido por meio do método tradicional, adotado predominantemente, ou por sensoriamento remoto, utilizando a tecnologia LiDAR. As empresas de base florestal vêm buscando alternativas, como o uso do LiDAR, para alcançar bons resultados, com redução de custo e tempo no inventário. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar as estimativas de volume por inventário tradicional e LiDAR para a espécie Pinus taeda. Foram realizadas 2 coletas de dados em plantios localizados em Sengés, PR. A primeira foi realizada por inventário florestal tradicional, no período de julho a outubro de 2018, onde 57 parcelas circulares foram instaladas em plantios de 6 a 14 anos. Em outubro de 2018, a outra coleta foi realizada por meio de voo com LiDAR, consistindo no sobrevoo de uma área de aproximadamente 1200 ha, e abrangendo todas as 57 parcelas instaladas manualmente, as quais foram utilizadas para o processamento. As variáveis mensuradas no inventário tradicional foram circunferência e altura total, e o volume total de cada parcela foi estimado por funções de afilamento. As variáveis registradas pelo LiDAR foram as coordenadas dos pontos X, Y e Z, intensidade do pulso laser, número do retorno e quantidade de retornos. Para a estimativa de volume total, a partir das variáveis registradas pelo LiDAR, foi utilizado o método de análise de componentes principais, e em seguida o ajuste de regressão linear, sendo a variável resposta o volume (m3 por área de parcela) e as variáveis independentes os componentes principais. Na comparação dos inventários tradicional e LiDAR, o teste de Qui-quadrado não foi significante, o valor do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi alto (0,96), e as estatísticas RMSE e Bias foram baixas. A análise de componentes principais se mostrou apropriada para a redução no número das variáveis obtidas pelo LiDAR, e para o ajuste de modelos de regressão, obtendo assim as estimativas de volume total.Abstract : The forest inventory can be conducted through the traditional method, or by remote sensing, using LiDAR technology. Forest-based companies have been looking for alternatives, such as using LiDAR, to achieve good results, with reduced time and costs of the inventory. The objective of this study is to compare the volume estimates between traditional inventory and LiDAR for the species Pinus taeda. Two sets of data were collected at the plantations located in Sengés, PR. The first was collected through a traditional forest inventory, from July to October 2018, where 57 circular plots were installed in plantations for 6 to 14 years. In October 2018, the other collection was carried out by flying with LiDAR over an area of approximately 1200 ha, and covering all 57 plots installed manually, which were used for processing. The variables measured in the traditional inventory were diameter and total height, and the total volume of each plot was estimated utilizing tapering functions. The variables recorded from LiDAR were the coordinates of points X, Y and Z, intensity, number of returns and return number. For the estimate of total volume, considering the variables recorded from LiDAR, the principal component analysis method was used, and then the linear regression was adjusted: the dependent variable was volume (m3 per plot) the principal components as independent variables. When comparing traditional and LiDAR inventories, the Chi-square test was not significant, Pearson's correlation coefficient was high (0.96), and the RMSE and Bias statistics were low. Principal component analysis proved to be appropriate for reducing the dimension of the variables obtained from LiDAR, and for adjusting regression models, thus obtaining the estimates of total volume

T-piece versus self-inflating bag ventilation in preterm neonates at birth

Objective To verify whether the use of the T-piece resuscitator compared with the self-inflating bag in preterm infants ventilated at birth modifies survival to hospital discharge without major morbidities. Design Pragmatic prospective cohort study. Setting 20 Brazilian university hospitals of Brazilian Network on Neonatal Research. Patients were 1962 inborn infants in 2014-2015 ventilated at birth with 23-33' weeks gestation and birth weight 400-1499 g without malformations. Patients transferred until the 27th day after birth were excluded. Interventions Positive pressure ventilation at birth with T-piece resuscitator or self-inflating bag without positive end expiratory pressure valve. Intervention with ventilation followed the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics guidelines. The choice of the equipment was at the neonatologist's discretion in each delivery. The main outcome measures were survival to hospital discharge without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe peri-intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leucomalada. Logistic regression adjusted for confounding variables was applied for main outcome. Results 1456 (74%) were only ventilated with T-piece resuscitator and 506 (26%) with the self-inflating bag. The characteristics of those ventilated with T-Piece resuscitator versus self-inflating bag were birth weight 969 +/- 277 vs 941 +/- 279 g, gestational age 28.2 +/- 2.5 vs 27.8 +/- 2.7 weeks and survival to hospital discharge without major morbidities 47% vs 35%, Logistic regression adjusted for maternal characteristics, obstetric and neonatal morbidities showed that the T-piece resuscitator increased the chance of survival to hospital discharge without major morbidities (OR=1.38; 95% Cl 1.06 to 1.80; Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit: 0.695). Conclusion This study is the first that highlights the effectiveness of T-piece resuscitator ventilation in improving relevant outcomes in preterm neonates.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Neonatal Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Dept Pediat, Sao Luis, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Dept Pediat, Fac Ciencias Med, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Div Neonatol, Fac Med Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Div Neonatol, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Pediat, Hosp Sao Lucas, Fac Med, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Div Neonatol, Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, Dept Pediat, Hosp Univ Pedro Ernesto, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Div Neonatol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Pediat, Uberlandia, MG, BrazilMaternidade Hilda Brandao, Dept Pediat, Fac Ciencias Med Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilHosp Estadual Sumare, Neonatal Div, Sumare, BrazilHosp Geral Pirajussara, Neonatal Unit, Taboao Da Serra, BrazilHosp Estadual Diadema, Neonatal Unit, Diadema, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Dept Pediat, Hosp Univ, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Dept Pediat, Hosp Clin, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilInst Med Integral Prof Fernando Figueira, Dept Pediat, Recife, PE, BrazilInst Fernandes Figueira FIOCRUZ, Dept Pediat, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Div Neonatal Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc