Influence of the critical parameters on the density estimate of some fatty acids by the Rackett's method

9 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 tablas.[ES] En este trabajo se realiza un estudio comparativo de las propiedades críticas temperatura y presión en los ácidos grasos palmítico, esteárico y oléico, proporcionadas por diferentes fuentes bibliográficas. Estas propiedades se utilizan en la ecuación de Rackett para estimar la densidad de las sustancias puras. Se describen y emplean los métodos más comúnmente aplicados en estos casos para estimar dichas propiedades críticas. Se selecciona un conjunto de valores de propiedades críticas para aplicarlas en la estimación de la densidad por la ecuación de Rackett. Se proponen los valores de las propiedades críticas con los que se obtiene una mejor estimación de la densidad, cuando se compara con resultados experimentales. Se demuestra que la selección de las propiedades críticas influye de forma decisiva en la estimación de propiedades físicas mediante la ecuación de Rackett.[EN] In this work a comparative study is carried out of the critical properties of temperature and pressure applied for the palmitic, stearic and oleic fatty acids, provided by different bibliographical sources. These properties are used in the Rackett's equation to estimate the density of the pure substances. The most commonly employed methods are described and applied in these cases to estimate these critical properties. A group of values of critical properties is selected to estimate the density using the Rackett's equation. The values of the critical properties that give a better estimation of the density, according to Rackett's equation, when compared with the experimental results are proposed. It is demonstrated that the selection of the critical properties influences in a decisive way in the estimation of physical properties by means of the Rackett's equation.Los autores hacen constar su agradecimiento a: La Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, por la ayuda recibida para la realización de este trabajo: ALI 95 0517. Al Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana (ICI), por la beca proporcionada para la realización de la Tesis Doctoral.Peer reviewe

Cholesterol levels affect the performance of aunps-decorated thermo-sensitive liposomes as nanocarriers for controlled doxorubicin delivery

Stimulus-responsive liposomes (L) for triggering drug release to the target site are particularly useful in cancer therapy. This research was focused on the evaluation of the effects of cholesterol levels in the performance of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-functionalized L for controlled doxorubicin (D) delivery. Their interfacial and morphological properties, drug release behavior against temperature changes and cytotoxic activity against breast and ovarian cancer cells were studied. Langmuir isotherms were performed to identify the most stable combination of lipid components. Two mole fractions of cholesterol (3.35 mol% and 40 mol%, L1 and L2 series, respectively) were evaluated. Thin-film hydration and transmembrane pH-gradient methods were used for preparing the L and for D loading, respectively. The cationic surface of L allowed the anchoring of negatively charged AuNPs by electrostatic interactions, even inducing a shift in the zeta potential of the L2 series. L exhibited nanometric sizes and spherical shape. The higher the proportion of cholesterol, the higher the drug loading. D was released in a controlled manner by diffusion-controlled mechanisms, and the proportions of cholesterol and temperature of release media influenced its release profiles. D-encapsulated L preserved its antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. The developed liposomal formulations exhibit promising properties for cancer treatment and potential for hyperthermia therapy.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CTQ2014- 57515-C2-

Embalagem plástica para flocão de milho biofortificado.

Devido a carência de micronutrientes que são essenciais para a saúde, vem sendo desenvolvido no Brasil produtos biofortificados. O objetivo desse estudo foi levantar informações sobre os efeitos de quatro tipos de embalagem e do tipo de acondicionamento (com e sem vácuo), na perda de qualidade de flocão de milho biofortificado. Os resultados mostraram que em todas as embalagens avaliadas houve preservação dos carotenoides, tendo um destaque para o PETmet/PEBD com vácuo que teve uma maior retenção do teor de carotenoides pró-vitamina A e maior preservação da cor.22 a 26 de outubro de 2017

Presence of Bacterial DNA in Thrombotic Material of Patients with Myocardial Infarction

[Abstract] Infectious agents have been suggested to be involved in etiopathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). However, the relationship between bacterial infection and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not yet been completely clarified. The objective of this study is to detect bacterial DNA in thrombotic material of patients with ACS with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI). We studied 109 consecutive patients with STEMI, who underwent thrombus aspiration and arterial peripheral blood sampling. Testing for bacterial DNA was performed by probe-based real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). 12 probes and primers were used for the detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Chlamydia pneumoniae, viridans group streptococci, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Tannarella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Helycobacter pylori, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococus aureus, Prevotella intermedia and Streptococcus mutans. Thus, DNA of four species of bacteria was detected in 10 of the 109 patients studied. The most frequent species was viridans group streptococci (6 patients, 5.5%), followed by Staphylococus aureus (2 patients, 1.8%). Moreover, a patient had DNA of Porphyromonas gingivalis (0.9%); and another patient had DNA of Prevotella intermedia (0.9%). Bacterial DNA was not detected in peripheral blood of any of our patients. In conclusion, DNA of four species of endodontic and periodontal bacteria was detected in thrombotic material of 10 STEMI patients. Bacterial DNA was not detected in the peripheral blood of patients with bacterial DNA in their thrombotic material. Bacteria could be latently present in plaques and might play a role in plaque instability and thrombus formation leading to ACS

Enhanced therapeutic effect using sequential administration of antigenically distinct oncolytic viruses expressing oncostatin M in a Syrian hamster orthotopic pancreatic cancer model

The limited efficacy of current treatments against pancreatic cancer has prompted the search of new alternatives such as virotherapy. Activation of the immune response against cancer cells is emerging as one of the main mechanisms of action of oncolytic viruses (OV). Direct oncolysis releases tumor antigens, and viral replication within the tumor microenvironment is a potent danger signal. Arming OV with immunostimulatory transgenes further enhances their therapeutic effect. However, standard virotherapy protocols do not take full advantage of OV as cancer vaccines because repeated viral administrations may polarize immune responses against strong viral antigens, and the rapid onset of neutralizing antibodies limits the efficacy of redosing. An alternative paradigm based on sequential combination of antigenically distinct OV has been recently proposed

Transformaciones y retos de la educación en las artes y los diseños (tomo 1)

El presente libro contiene doce reflexiones que nos sugieren un balance para repensar la educación superior tras las experiencias pandémicas en tres dimensiones: pedagogía, didáctica general y didácticas especiales, Estas tres dimensiones ofrecen un panorama integral para repensar los problemas educativos actuales. A diferencia de otros balances que hemos visto o leído en los últimos años, el presente se compone de tres ejes que atraviesan todas las reflexiones: reorganización de ideas, consolidación de la inter y transdisciplina, y mejora efectiva de las prácticas de enseñanza-aprendizaje desde planes y programas de estudios hasta actividades entre docentes y alumnos.Coordinadoras: Alma Elisa Delgado Coellar, Juana Cecilia Angeles Cañedo & Daniela Velázquez Ruí

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Influence of the critical parameters on the density estimate of some fatty acids by the Rackett's method

9 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 tablas.[ES] En este trabajo se realiza un estudio comparativo de las propiedades críticas temperatura y presión en los ácidos grasos palmítico, esteárico y oléico, proporcionadas por diferentes fuentes bibliográficas. Estas propiedades se utilizan en la ecuación de Rackett para estimar la densidad de las sustancias puras. Se describen y emplean los métodos más comúnmente aplicados en estos casos para estimar dichas propiedades críticas. Se selecciona un conjunto de valores de propiedades críticas para aplicarlas en la estimación de la densidad por la ecuación de Rackett. Se proponen los valores de las propiedades críticas con los que se obtiene una mejor estimación de la densidad, cuando se compara con resultados experimentales. Se demuestra que la selección de las propiedades críticas influye de forma decisiva en la estimación de propiedades físicas mediante la ecuación de Rackett.[EN] In this work a comparative study is carried out of the critical properties of temperature and pressure applied for the palmitic, stearic and oleic fatty acids, provided by different bibliographical sources. These properties are used in the Rackett's equation to estimate the density of the pure substances. The most commonly employed methods are described and applied in these cases to estimate these critical properties. A group of values of critical properties is selected to estimate the density using the Rackett's equation. The values of the critical properties that give a better estimation of the density, according to Rackett's equation, when compared with the experimental results are proposed. It is demonstrated that the selection of the critical properties influences in a decisive way in the estimation of physical properties by means of the Rackett's equation.Los autores hacen constar su agradecimiento a: La Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, por la ayuda recibida para la realización de este trabajo: ALI 95 0517. Al Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana (ICI), por la beca proporcionada para la realización de la Tesis Doctoral.Peer reviewe

Study of the density and viscosity of some pure fatty acids

10 páginas, 17 tablas.[ES] En este trabajo se realiza un estudio experimental de acuerdo con los métodos de análisis de la ASTM de las propiedades físicas, densidad y viscosidad en los ácidos grasos palmítico, esteárico y oleico; compuestos que están presentes en los efluentes de la desodorización de aceites comestibles, con vistas a la caracterización físico química necesaria en el diseño de condensadores y congeladores de superficie que pueden aplicarse a la recuperación de estos efluentes. Las medidas se realizan de 5 en 5 °C entre temperaturas muy próximas a las de solidificación en cada compuesto, de gran interés en nuestro estudio, y los 100 °C. Se contrastan los valores de estas propiedades, con los que aparecen en la literatura y se correlacionan las medidas experimentales. También se obtienen valores de la densidad aplicando la ecuación de Rackett y de la viscosidad dinámica utilizando la ecuación de Andrade, que se comparan con medidas experimentales. Se presentan, además, datos experimentales de la viscosidad dinámica del ácido oleico a baja temperatura (entre O y 24 °C), por ser de interés para el diseño de los equipos anteriormente mencionados.[EN] An experimental study is carried out according to ASTM analysis methods of two physical properties, density and viscosity, of palmitic, stearic and oleic fatty acids; compounds which are present in the deodorization effluents of edible oils, with a view to their physics chemical characterisation needed for the design of surface condensers and freezers that could be employed in the recovery of these effluents. The measures are carried out every 5 °C, from temperatures close to those of solidification in each compound, of great interest in our study, to 100 °C. The values of these properties are contrasted with those that appear in the literature, and the experimental measures are correlated. Values of the density are also obtained applying Rackett's equation and those of dynamic viscosity using Andrade's equation, and then compared with experimental measures. Experimental data of the dynamic viscosity for oleic acid at low temperatures (between 0 and 24 °C) are also presented, because of their interest in the design of the previously mentioned equipment.Los autores hacen constar su agradecimiento a: La Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, por la ayuda recibida para la realización de este trabajo: ALI 95 0517. Al Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana (I.C.I.), por la beca proporcionada para la realización de Tesis Doctoral.Peer reviewe