Music, Spirits & Spirit in Bastar, Central India

International audienc

Victor Alexandre STOICHIŢĂ : Chants tsiganes de Roumanie. Pour chanter ensemble de 8 à 14 ans

On connaissait depuis 2007 le coffret Instruments et cultures : Introduction aux percussions du monde destiné aux enseignants et dont la rédaction des différents dossiers avait été confiée par la Cité de la musique (Paris) à des ethnomusicologues spécialistes de différentes aires culturelles. Ce nouvel ouvrage nous conforte dans l’idée que les ethnomusicologues devraient être plus présents dans le domaine de la pédagogie appliquée aux musiques traditionnelles et confirme le rôle de la Cité de..

Victor Alexandre STOICHIŢĂ : Chants tsiganes de Roumanie. Pour chanter ensemble de 8 à 14 ans

On connaissait depuis 2007 le coffret Instruments et cultures : Introduction aux percussions du monde destiné aux enseignants et dont la rédaction des différents dossiers avait été confiée par la Cité de la musique (Paris) à des ethnomusicologues spécialistes de différentes aires culturelles. Ce nouvel ouvrage nous conforte dans l’idée que les ethnomusicologues devraient être plus présents dans le domaine de la pédagogie appliquée aux musiques traditionnelles et confirme le rôle de la Cité de..

Ethnomusicologie et recherche-action : le patrimoine musical des Nanterriens

Le Patrimoine Musical des Nanterriens est l’occasion de discuter les notions d’ethnomusicologie appliquée et de recherche-action d’un point de vue épistémologique. Né de l’envie d’appliquer au plus proche une discipline forgée au lointain et de s’impliquer dans l’environnement immédiat de l’université, ce projet collectif et participatif mobilise des étudiants encadrés par des enseignants-chercheurs. Au-delà de l’archivage de répertoires de musique et de danse et de récits de vie, il entend valoriser et faire vivre les pratiques locales par l’organisation d’événements afin de rendre visibles et légitimes les cultures qu’elles représentent. Tout en situant ses enjeux éthiques dans le contexte mouvant des politiques culturelles en France, les différentes phases du programme sont ici présentées jusqu’à la réalisation d’un webdocumentaire

Non-linear photochemical pathways in laser induced atmospheric aerosol formation

We measured the chemical composition and the size distribution of aerosols generated by femtosecond-Terawatt laser pulses in the atmosphere using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). We show that nitric acid condenses in the form of ammonium nitrate, and that oxidized volatile organics also contribute to particle growth. These two components account for two thirds and one third, respectively, of the dry laser-condensed mass. They appear in two different modes centred at 380 nm and 150 nm. The number concentration of particles between 25 and 300 nm increases by a factor of 15. Pre-existing water droplets strongly increase the oxidative properties of the laser-activated atmosphere, substantially enhancing the condensation of organics under laser illumination.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figure

Characterization of Gas-Phase Organics Using Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry : Cooking Emissions

Cooking processes produce gaseous and particle emissions that are potentially deleterious to human health. Using a highly controlled experimental setup involving a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS), we investigate the emission factors and the detailed chemical composition of gas phase emissions from a broad variety of cooking styles and techniques. A total of 95 experiments were conducted to characterize nonmethane organic gas (NMOG) emissions from boiling, charbroiling, shallow frying, and deep frying of various vegetables and meats, as well as emissions from vegetable oils heated to different temperatures. Emissions from boiling vegetables are dominated by methanol. Significant amounts of dimethyl sulfide are emitted from cruciferous vegetables. Emissions from shallow frying, deep frying and charbroiling are dominated by aldehydes of differing relative composition depending on the oil used. We show that the emission factors of some aldehydes are particularly large which may result in considerable negative impacts on human health in indoor environments. The suitability of some of the aldehydes as tracers for the identification of cooking emissions in ambient air is discussed

In situ, satellite measurement and model evidence on the dominant regional contribution to fine particulate matter levels in the Paris megacity

International audiencePublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 9578 M. Beekmann et al.: Evidence for a dominant regional contribution to fine particulate matter levels Abstract. A detailed characterization of air quality in the megacity of Paris (France) during two 1-month intensive campaigns and from additional 1-year observations revealed that about 70 % of the urban background fine particulate matter (PM) is transported on average into the megacity from upwind regions. This dominant influence of regional sources was confirmed by in situ measurements during short intensive and longer-term campaigns, aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements from ENVISAT, and modeling results from PMCAMx and CHIMERE chemistry transport models. While advection of sulfate is well documented for other megacities, there was surprisingly high contribution from long-range transport for both nitrate and organic aerosol. The origin of organic PM was investigated by comprehensive analysis of aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), radio-carbon and tracer measurements during two intensive campaigns. Primary fossil fuel combustion emissions constituted less than 20 % in winter and 40 % in summer of carbonaceous fine PM, unexpectedly small for a megacity. Cooking activities and, during winter, residential wood burning are the major primary organic PM sources. This analysis suggests that the major part of secondary organic aerosol is of modern origin , i.e., from biogenic precursors and from wood burning. Black carbon concentrations are on the lower end of values encountered in megacities worldwide, but still represent an issue for air quality. These comparatively low air pollution levels are due to a combination of low emissions per inhabitant , flat terrain, and a meteorology that is in general not conducive to local pollution build-up. This revised picture of a megacity only being partially responsible for its own average and peak PM levels has important implications for air pollution regulation policies

Data Descriptor : Collocated observations of cloud condensation nuclei, particle size distributions, and chemical composition

Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations alongside with submicrometer particle number size distributions and particle chemical composition have been measured at atmospheric observatories of the Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure (ACTRIS) as well as other international sites over multiple years. Here, harmonized data records from 11 observatories are summarized, spanning 98,677 instrument hours for CCN data, 157,880 for particle number size distributions, and 70,817 for chemical composition data. The observatories represent nine different environments, e.g., Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific and Mediterranean maritime, boreal forest, or high alpine atmospheric conditions. This is a unique collection of aerosol particle properties most relevant for studying aerosol-cloud interactions which constitute the largest uncertainty in anthropogenic radiative forcing of the climate. The dataset is appropriate for comprehensive aerosol characterization (e.g., closure studies of CCN), model-measurement intercomparison and satellite retrieval method evaluation, among others. Data have been acquired and processed following international recommendations for quality assurance and have undergone multiple stages of quality assessment.Peer reviewe

Ethnomusicologie et recherche-action : le patrimoine musical des Nanterriens

International audienceLe Patrimoine Musical des Nanterriens est l’occasion de discuter les notions d’ethnomusicologie appliquée et de recherche-action d’un point de vue épistémologique. Né de l’envie d’appliquer au plus proche une discipline forgée au lointain et de s’impliquer dans l’environnement immédiat de l’université, ce projet collectif et participatif mobilise des étudiants encadrés par des enseignants-chercheurs. Au-delà de l’archivage de répertoires de musique et de danse et de récits de vie, il entend valoriser et faire vivre les pratiques locales par l’organisation d’événements afin de rendre visibles et légitimes les cultures qu’elles représentent. Tout en situant ses enjeux éthiques dans le contexte mouvant des politiques culturelles en France, les différentes phases du programme sont ici présentées jusqu’à la réalisation d’un webdocumentaire