527 research outputs found
Measurement of Bell-type inequalities and quantum entanglement from -hyperon spin correlations at high energy colliders
Spin correlations of -hyperons embedded in the QCD strings formed in
high-energy collider experiments provide unique insight into their locality and
entanglement features. We show from general considerations that while the
Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality is less stringent for such states, they
provide a benchmark for quantum-to-classical transitions induced by varying i)
the associated hadron multiplicity, ii) the spin of nucleons, iii) the
separation in rapidity between pairs, and iv) the kinematic regimes accessed.
These studies also enable the extraction of quantitative measures of quantum
entanglement. We first explore such questions within a simple model of a QCD
string comprised of singlets of two partial distinguishable fermion flavors and
compare analytical results to those obtained on quantum hardware. We further
discuss a class of spin Hamiltonians that model the dynamics of spin
correlations. Prospects for extracting quantum features of QCD strings from
hyperon measurements at current and future colliders are outlined.Comment: Revised manuscrip
The GenoChip: A New Tool for Genetic Anthropology
The Genographic Project is an international effort aimed at charting human migratory history. The project is nonprofit and nonmedical,
and, through its Legacy Fund, supports locally led efforts to preserve indigenous and traditional cultures. Although the first
phase of the project was focused on uniparentally inherited markers on the Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the
current phase focuses on markers from across the entire genome to obtain a more complete understanding of human genetic
variation. Although many commercial arrays exist for genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, they were
designed for medical genetic studies and contain medically related markers that are inappropriate for global population genetic
studies. GenoChip, the Genographic Project’s new genotyping array, was designed to resolve these issues and enable higher resolution
research into outstanding questions in genetic anthropology. TheGenoChip includes ancestry informativemarkers obtained
for over 450 human populations, an ancient human (Saqqaq), and two archaic hominins (Neanderthal and Denisovan) and was
designed to identify all knownY-chromosome andmtDNAhaplogroups. The chip was carefully vetted to avoid inclusion ofmedically
relevant markers. To demonstrate its capabilities, we compared the FST distributions of GenoChip SNPs to those of two commercial
arrays. Although all arrays yielded similarly shaped (inverse J) FST distributions, the GenoChip autosomal and X-chromosomal distributions
had the highestmean FST, attesting to its ability to discern subpopulations. The chip performances are illustrated in a principal
component analysis for 14 worldwide populations. In summary, the GenoChip is a dedicated genotyping platform for genetic
anthropology. With an unprecedented number of approximately 12,000 Y-chromosomal and approximately 3,300 mtDNA SNPs
and over 130,000 autosomal and X-chromosomal SNPswithout any known health,medical, or phenotypic relevance, the GenoChip
is a useful tool for genetic anthropology and population genetics
Neolithic Mitochondrial Haplogroup H Genomes and the Genetic Origins of Europeans
Haplogroup H dominates present-day Western European mitochondrial DNA variability (\u3e40%), yet was less common (~19%) among Early Neolithic farmers (~5450 BC) and virtually absent in Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Here we investigate this major component of the maternal population history of modern Europeans and sequence 39 complete haplogroup H mitochondrial genomes from ancient human remains. We then compare this ‘real-time’ genetic data with cultural changes taking place between the Early Neolithic (~5450 BC) and Bronze Age (~2200 BC) in Central Europe. Our results reveal that the current diversity and distribution of haplogroup H were largely established by the Mid Neolithic (~4000 BC), but with substantial genetic contributions from subsequent pan-European cultures such as the Bell Beakers expanding out of Iberia in the Late Neolithic (~2800 BC). Dated haplogroup H genomes allow us to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of haplogroup H and reveal a mutation rate 45% higher than current estimates for human mitochondria
Run-3 Commissioning of CMS Online HLT reconstruction using GPUs
The software-based High-Level Trigger (HLT) of CMS reduces the data readout rate from 100 kHz (obtained from Level 1 trigger) to around 5 kHz. It makes use of all detector subsystems and runs a streamlined version of CMS reconstruction. Run-2 of the LHC saw the reconstruction algorithms run on a CPU farm. But the need to have increased computational power as we approach the high luminosity phase of LHC demands the use of Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) to reign in the cost, size and power consumption of the HLT farm. Parallelization of the reconstruction algorithms, on top of the multi-threading functionality introduced in Run2, allowed parts of the Hadronic Calorimeter (HCAL), Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) and pixel reconstruction to be offloaded to NVIDIA GPUs. In order to ensure the reproducibility of physics results on any machine, the HLT configuration was designed to run seamlessly with and without GPUs, that is, the algorithms were automatically offloaded to a GPU when one was available and otherwise fell back to running on the CPU. This contribution will describe the development of GPU-based algorithms for the HLT and the challenges they presented, along with the comprehensive validation and commissioning activity undertaken by CMS to ensure the successful operations of the new HLT farm
First record of pouched octopus, Cistopus platinoidus in a tropical estuary
Octopuses are marine benthic stenohaline organisms that exhibit a short range of migration within marine
habitats and avoid brackish or freshwater environments. The present document is the first record of ’pouched
octopus’, Cistopus platinoidus Sreeja et al. 2015, from a tropical estuarine system. We collected 15 specimens of
C. platinoidus from the set bag nets operated in Narmada estuary, located 40 km away from the river mouth with
an in-situ salinity of 17.63. This report is a new finding of an octopus species from a brackish water ecosystem
outside its normal inhabitance range to the best of our knowledge
Recommended from our members
From particle attachment to space-filling coral skeletons.
Reef-building corals and their aragonite (CaCO3) skeletons support entire reef ecosystems, yet their formation mechanism is poorly understood. Here we used synchrotron spectromicroscopy to observe the nanoscale mineralogy of fresh, forming skeletons from six species spanning all reef-forming coral morphologies: Branching, encrusting, massive, and table. In all species, hydrated and anhydrous amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles were precursors for skeletal growth, as previously observed in a single species. The amorphous precursors here were observed in tissue, between tissue and skeleton, and at growth fronts of the skeleton, within a low-density nano- or microporous layer varying in thickness from 7 to 20 µm. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements, however, indicated that the mature skeletons at the microscale were space-filling, comparable to single crystals of geologic aragonite. Nanoparticles alone can never fill space completely, thus ion-by-ion filling must be invoked to fill interstitial pores. Such ion-by-ion diffusion and attachment may occur from the supersaturated calcifying fluid known to exist in corals, or from a dense liquid precursor, observed in synthetic systems but never in biogenic ones. Concomitant particle attachment and ion-by-ion filling was previously observed in synthetic calcite rhombohedra, but never in aragonite pseudohexagonal prisms, synthetic or biogenic, as observed here. Models for biomineral growth, isotope incorporation, and coral skeletons' resilience to ocean warming and acidification must take into account the dual formation mechanism, including particle attachment and ion-by-ion space filling
Studies on Creep Deformation and Rupture Behavior of 316LN SS Multi-Pass Weld Joints Fabricated with Two Different Electrode Sizes
Biosorption and biodegradation of polyacrylate/nano-ZnO leather finishing agent and toxic effect on activated sludge
Clay Supported Ammonium Nitrate “Clayan”: A New Reagent for Selective Nitration of Arenes
Solar fuels vis-à-vis electricity generation from sunlight: The current state-of-the-art (a review)
- …